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1
Future Defence Programmes and Key
Enabling Technologies
Conrad Banks
C fChief Engineer – Research and Technology
Rolls-Royce Defence
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
The information in this document is the property of Rolls-Royce plc and may not be copied or communicated to a third party, or used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied without the express written consent of Rolls-Royce plc.This information is given in good faith based upon the latest information available to Rolls-Royce plc, no warranty or representation is given concerning such information, which must not be taken as establishing any contractual or other commitment binding upon Rolls-Royce plc or any of its subsidiary or associated companies.
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
Future Platform Evolution 2
Future ISTAR and Combat UAVs
Existing UAV
platforms
Future Transport
and Heavy Lift
Future Concepts
NPI Combat and
Transport
Hi-Mach
Transport
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
Future Manned Combat – LRS and 6th Gen Fighter
Power System Trends and Requirements
Increasing Electrical Power Demands Advanced Propulsion and Open Rotors
Advanced Heath Monitoring, Lifing and Repair Techniques
Enhanced Survivability
Smaller, Lighter and more Efficient Gas Turbines
yThermal Management
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
5The Future Gas Turbine – Smaller, Lighter and More Efficient
Avon 20
T/W (Thrust to Weight) = 4:1Spey 202
T/W = 5:1T/W = 5:1
RB199
Rolls-Royce Power System Advances
T/W = 7:1
‘Current
Technology’
Engines scaled to
the same dry thrust
‘Next
Generation’
ec o ogy
EJ200
T/W = 9:1
• High stage loadings (advanced 3D
d i i t d f il )T/W = 15:1 aerodynamics, aspirated aerofoils)
• Compact, high pressure ratio cores
• Advanced materials (high temp, lightweight)
• Composites, Blisk/Bling Technology,
Significant scope for technology insertion
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
p g gy
Vaneless Turbines, Variable Cyclesremains
Advanced Gas-Turbine Technology
Advanced Materials Architecture and Aerodynamic Affordable
Advanced 3D Aerodynamics
Advanced Hollow
Bli kBlisks
Aspirated aerofoils
Innovative Low Cost
Manufacturing Processes
Metal Matrix
Composite Blisks
Precision Laser Drilled
Vaneless Counter-Rotating Turbines
PrecisionSand Cast
LaserDeposition
5-axi CNC Machining
Laser DrilledComponents
Ceramic Composites
High Temp Super –Alloys
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
Air and Magnetic Bearings Variable Cycles
Metal Matrix Composites
Titanium Metal Matrix Composite
Specific Strength
Titanium Alloy
Nickel SuperalloyNickel Superalloy
Temperature (degrees C)
Compressor Weight Reduction
Conventionaldisk and blades
Blisk – up to 30% weight saving
Bling – Ti MMC
up to 70% weight saving
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
weight saving
9Blisk Repair
Without the capability to easily replace blades, the ability to repair blisks is critical to
acceptable life cycle costs.
Blending of damage is first option, if beyond blending limits, blisk would be scrapped.
Rolls-Royce has developed a ‘Material Addition’ process which uses laser and titanium
powder to build up damaged areas
Laser in position
Damaged material removed
Laser in position
Material deposited
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
12
Typical installation and benefit
© 2009 Rolls-Royce plc© 2009 Rolls-Royce plc
Typical contra rotating open rotor installationTypical contra-rotating open rotor installation
Benefits relative to small business jet type turbofan in a typical MALE UAV (All engines sized to the same top of climb thrust)Rolls-Royce wind-tunnel testing
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
Next Generation Helicopters - Power System Technology
Inertial Particle Separators
Infra Red Suppressors
Heat Exchangers
- lightweight recuperator cells
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
Integrated Power SystemsIntelligently combining propulsion, thermal management and
15
electrical power provision
PROPULSION
SYSTEMS
ELECTRICALCOOLING
OPTIMISATION
and
CONTROL
ELECTRICAL
SYSTEMS
COOLING
SYSTEMS
Powering the g
Latest Unmanned
Demonstrator
Aircraft
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
Mantis UAV Demonstrator Taranis UCAV Demonstrator
Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV)
‘Intelligent, Low Observable and More Electric’
Obscuration Vane
Low Observable Installations
Distortion tolerant Autonomous Control Systems and Engine Health Monitoring
Key Requirements
Compact, high power density gas turbineAd d i t ll ti C l t d d t RAM Ad d C li
compressors
Variable Cycle Technology
Advanced installations – Convoluted ducts, RAM, Advanced CoolingElectrical systems (embedded generator) and intelligent power management and storage.Intelligent ‘performance seeking’ controls
Future Technologies
Fuel Deox (small, flight weight units – stored fuel at elevated temperatures without coking)Thermoelectric power generation (reduced IFR signature and
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
Thermoelectric power generation (reduced IFR signature andincreased electrical power provision)
Conclusions
Air Domain Propulsion will continue to be dominated by the Gas Turbine –
unrivalled power density.
Advanced Research and Technology programmes will continue to enhance
gas turbine capabilities (smaller, lighter, more efficient, more affordable and
more reliable).
In parallel to the Gas Turbine, system level improvements will become
increasingly important
Integrated Power Systems intelligent autonomous and more electricIntegrated Power Systems – intelligent, autonomous and more electric
Heat Exchangers and Thermal Management
Propulsive efficiency (e.g. Ultra high bypass ratio / prop fans and Open Rotors).
Stealth and High Machg
Emerging niche requirements (e.g. Ultra-high endurance surveillance UAVs)
will start to benefit from alternative propulsion solutions (Electric, Hydrogen,
Solar etc)Solar etc).
Future consolidation and greater co-operation of the Propulsion Industry will
be essential to delivering effective future solutions and capability
©2012 Rolls-Royce plc
be essential to delivering effective future solutions and capability
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