View
225
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
1/24
Direction ,supervision , communication & control
By
T.VENKATARAMANAN.FICWA
Functions of management
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
2/24
DIRECTION- WHAT IS IT ?
y Planning , organizing and staffing are preparations
for work/ activity in an organization.
y It is direction which stimulates the organization
hence it is rightly called management in action .y Direction is the road map , the route to follow to
achieve, the goals of an organization, what to do,
who to do, when to do and how to do.
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
3/24
DIRECTION- WHAT IS IT ?
y Direction may be defined as the process and
technique a manager follows in issuing instructions
and making certain that activities proceed as
originally planned.
y Thus direction breaks down into 1)issue of orders (
communication) 2) leading & motivating (
leadership) and 3)supervising and monitoring .(
Motivation)
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
4/24
Direction the heart of
administration
y Marshall Dimock calls direction as the heart of
administration because,
y 1)direction initiates actions
y 2)integrates employees effortsy 3)maximizes results
y 4)facilitates change and
y 5)provides stability & balance in the organization.
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
5/24
Issuing orders ?
y issuing instructions and orders should satisfy 4
conditions says , Chester Bernard to make them
acceptable.
y
1)orders should be complete and clear.y 2)compatible with the purpose of the organization.3)
compatible with the personal interest of the
employee and 4)0perationally feasible.
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
6/24
orders compliance ?
y Manager may follow 4 techniques to ensure
compliance to his orders,.
y 1)force 2)Parental approach 3)bargain
4)harmony of objective.y Managers success lies in channelizing the
employees inner drive to accomplish the task
entrusted to him.
yMotivation matters- Improve Morale-ensure jobsatisfaction
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
7/24
supervision
y Supervision means overseeing the performance of
subordinates.the non-mangers.
y He is the key person who translates plans &
strategies into actiony Person in the middle who bridges the manager &
the managed.
y Behavioral specialist & shock absorber.
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
8/24
supervision
y Supervisor is a marginal person and a post office
who has no powers but simply passes on the orders
of bosses to workers.
y
He is a senior worker.y Sometimes all these five roles are played by a single
person.
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
9/24
communication
y Stands for sharing ideas in common.
y It is an exchange of ideas ,opinions , facts &
emotions in common to create mutual
understanding.y It is not Something off the minds of the person
transmitting it but something getting into the minds
of the person receiving it.
yIt is a process whereby the decisional premises aretransmitted from one member of an organization to
another. Communication is to unlock the mystery.
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
10/24
THE PROCESS
BASIC
ELEMENTS
IN THECOMMUNICATION
PROCESSSENDER
ENCODING
MESSAGE
MESSAGE MEDIUM
THE RECEIVER
THE FEED BACK
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
11/24
THE TYPES
ORAL
WRITTENFORMAL
GRAPEWINE
RUMOURINFORMAL
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
12/24
U FLOW FROM
SUBORDINATE
FEED BACK
H LATERAL,
INTERACTIVE PRODUCTION
TOMAINTENANCE
D
SENIOR TOSUBORDINAT
E DIRECTIONS,
ORDERS,REWARDS,
FORMAL
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
13/24
BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION
ORGANIZATIONAL
PERSONALEXTERNAL
ORGANIZATIONAL
PERSONALINTERNAL
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
14/24
BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION
y FILTERING
y SELECTIVE PERCEPTION
y LANGUAGE
y EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCE
y INFORMATION OVERLOAD
y NONVEBAL CUES
y TIME PRESSURES
y SEMANTIC BARRIERS-MIS UNDERSTAND
y ENVIRONMENTAL
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
15/24
Control definition ,system &
process
y May be defined as regulation through executive
action.
y It is a process that guides activity towards some
predetermined goals , analyze whether actions areproceeding in the right direction and take corrective
action whenever needed.
y Control means continuous monitoring, executive
process aiming at coordinating and integratingy Organizational activities.
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
16/24
Control & other functions
y Planning is the basis
y Action is the essence
y Delegation is the key
y Information is the guidey Control is to guard against deviations and
y Ensure the achievement of targeted results
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
17/24
Control
y Control ensures whether the results meet the
expectation, the targets or goals , or the norms
already planned or set.
y
WDH=WS
H (what did happen = what was supposedto happen)
y Planning w/o corresponding control would hollow
hopes.
y
Planning is viewed as forward looking and control isviewed as backward looking activity.
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
18/24
The Control process
Setstandards
Basic current
Measureperformance
compare compute
Variance
analysis
CausesRemedial
action
If standards are used it is called control thro standards.
If budgets are used it is control thro budgets
The process is known as management by exception
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
19/24
What to control
y A few key areas
y Critical point control
y Technique used ABC ANALYSIS
y Management by exception
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
20/24
When to control
y Post control that is after the event , based on feed
back-thro budgets and standards
y Current control as the events progress or take
place, like steering control, yes/no controls, stop/ goahead signals.direct supervision /over seeing
y Pre- control- before the event based on experience ,
that is past is the guide for future. Also called feed
forward controls .based not on feed back but feed
forward, direction and trainning.
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
21/24
The pre-requisites
y Direction, communication , supervision
y The MIS
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
22/24
Ouchis control techniques
y He divides all control techniques into 3 steps
y Market control: price mechanism ,demand & supply
y Bureaucratic rules & regulations , authority &
responsibilityy Clan & peer controls- tradition, culture, shared
belief.
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
23/24
Thinky U r appointed as a consultant by a transport
company ,running 50 buses over 9 longroutes.complaints have been received over quality ofservice to travellers & customers.the present
manager has powers to control crews , driversworking in the main terminal but has no power to setthe fares, buy spares or reschedule which is donecentrally from the H.O at delhi.how to improveefficiency and reduce complaints?
y What control points u suggest?.
y How to measure performance at these points?
8/8/2019 Functions of Management DIRECTION ETC
24/24
THE WAY U EXPRESS DECIDES THEOUTCOME.WHAT U THINK IMMATERIAL ISSOMETIMES VERYMATERIAL
Recommended