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7/30/2019 Functional Purposes of Pipe and Hanger Supports
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Functional Purposes of Pipe and HangerSupports
LOOSE SUPPORT
This is most commonly used support meant for supporting only the pipe weight
vertically. It allows pipe to move in axial as well as transverse direction but restricts only
the vertical downward movement.
LONGITUDINAL GUIDE
This type of support is used to restrict the movement of pipe in transverse direction i.e.
perpendicular to length of pipe but allow movement in longitudinal direction. This isalso a commonly used type of support. Generally it is used along with Loose support.
TRANSVERSE GUIDE
This type of support is used to restrict the movement of pipe in Longitudinal (axial )
direction but allows the pipe to move in transverse direction. This is also referred as
'AXIAL STOP'. This type is less used as compared to above two types. Generally it is used
along with Loose support.
FIXED POINT / ANCHOR
FIX POINT type of support is used to restrict movements in all three directions.
ANCHOR type of support is used to restrict movement in all three directions and
rotation also in these three directions.
Non-Welded Type (FIX POINT)
This can be considered as a combination of longitudinal and transverse guide. This type
resist only the linear movements in all directions but not the rotational movements. This
avoids heavy loading of support as well as pipe. Therefore this type of support is
preferred over welded type.
Welded Type (ANCHOR)
This type of support prevents total movements i.e. linear as well as rotational. This type
of support is used when it is absolutely essential to prevent any moment/force being
transferred further. It causes heavy loading on support as well as pipe.
7/30/2019 Functional Purposes of Pipe and Hanger Supports
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LIMIT STOP
As name itself indicates it allows pipe movement freely up to a certain limit and restricts
any further movement. This is useful when total stops causes excessive loading on pipingand support or nozzle. This type of support should be used selectively, because of
stringent and complicated requirements of design, erection and operation.
SPECIAL SUPPORTS
When we need a pipe support whose construction or functional details are different from
the available details, then a special support detail sketch is prepared. The functions of
this support can be any combination of above functions.
SUMMARY OF TYPES OF SUPPORTS
A SUPPORT CAN BE
Simple Rest Rigid support Spring support
Simple Guide Simple Axial Stop Rest and Guide Rest and Axial Stop Guide and Axial Stop
Three way restraint, that is, Rest, Guide and an Axial Stop
SELECTION OF SUPPORT UNDER DIFFERENT
LOAD CONDITIONS
SHOE CLAMPS
SHOE VENDOR SADDLES
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SPRINGS
Variable Springs Constant Springs
SWAY STRUTS
HYDRAULIC SHOCK AND SWAY SUPPRESSOR
SHOES CLAMP
Recommended for suspension of hot insulated lines.
SHOE VENDOR SADDLE
Designed to keep insulation from crushing
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VARIABLE SPRINGS
Meant to absorb vertical displacement of pipes caused by thermal
expansion
HANGING SPRINGS
COMBINATION OF SPRINGS
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CONSTANT SPRINGS
Used to support pipes and equipment subjected to vertical movement due to thermal
expansion at locations where transfer of stress to other supports or equipment can be
critical.
Used where variability of a variable spring exceeds 25%.
The MSS(SP58) standard provides for a tolerance of 6% in the constant load through the
travel range.
CARRY THE SAME LOAD ALONG THEIR TRAVEL.
SWAY STRUTS
SELECTION CRITERION
Used to restrain movement of piping in one direction while providing for movement due
to thermal expansion or contraction in another direction.
FEATURES
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Effective under either tensile or compressive force. Can be installed in any spatialorientation.SWAY STRUT IN VERTICAL ORIENTATION
COMBINATION OF STRUTS
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HYDRAULIC SHOCK AND SWAY SUPPRESSOR (SNUBBER)
SELECTION CRITERION
For use on piping systems or equipment when unrestrained thermal movement must beallowed, but which must be restrained during impulsive or cyclic disturbance.
Preferred usage, with standard settings, to prevent destructive results due toearthquakes, flow transients, or wind load. For absorbing the continuous thrust resultingfrom safety valve discharge blow-off.
EXAMPLES OF SNUBBERS
MECHANICAL SNUBBER
HYDRAULIC SNUBBER
Summary
Supports are needed to limit stress and sag in the pipe to acceptable limits.
Dead load, live load, wind, seismic and hydro test loads need to be considered whiledesigning supports.
Rest, guide and axial supports are the three basic schemes of supporting. A combinationof any two or all three may be used for supporting.
High temperature, high pressure and associated phenomena make the steam systemsupporting critical.
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Different type of supports are available under different types of loading conditions.
PIPING SUPPORT ELEMENTS
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