Functional Groups

Functional Groups

Draw & name 5 isomers of

C5H8

Name the following: OH O

Draw & name 5 types of isomers of:

OH O

Draw & Name Isomers of:

C4H6

Functional Groups•Chemically active part of an organic

compound

Functional Groups•Anything other than

singularly bonded carbon & hydrogen in an organic compound

Functional Groups•The name of any

organic compound ends with the suffix for the

most important functional group

Terminology•R- represents the part

of the organic compound you are

not referring to

Terminology•R-OH

•-OH is the functional group

•R- anything else

Alkene

C=C

Alkyne

C=C

Halides R-X

•X = F, Cl, Br, or I

•haloalkane

•alkylhalide

Alcohols R-OH

•hydroxyalkane

•alkanol

Ethers R1-O-R2

•alkylalkylether

•alkoxyalkane

Name the following:

OH Cl

CH CH

H3C CH2 CH3

Ketones O

R-C-R

•Oxy or ketoalkane

•alkanone

Aldehydes O

R-C-H

•alkanal

•alkanaldehyde

Carboxylic Acid O

R-C-OH

•Alkanoic Acid

Homework

•Draw & Name 5 isomers of C4H8O

Name the following: CH3-CH2-CH2-OH

CH3-CH2-O- CH2-CH3

O

CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3

Name the following: O O

C C

H3C CH OH

OH

Name the following: O

CH3-CH2-CH2-C-OH

O

CH3-CH2-C-H

Esters O

R1-C-O-R2

•Alkylalkanoate

Drill: Draw & Name 5 isomers of:

C3H6O2

Anhydrides O O

R1-C-O-C-R2

•Alkanoicalkanoic anhydride

Amines

R-NH2

•Aminoalkane

•alkylamine

Primary Amines

R-NH2

•Aminoalkane

•alkylamine

Secondary Amines R2

R1-NH

•Alkylalkylamine

Tertiary Amines R2

R1-N-R3

•Alkylalkylalkylamine

Quaternary Amines R2

R1-N-R3

R4

•Tetraalkylammonium

Amides O

R1-C-NH2

•Alkanoamide

Nitrile

R-C=N

•Cyanoalkane

•Alkanonitrile

Homework

•Draw & Name 5 isomers of C3H7NO

Cyanate

R-O-C=N

•Alkylcyanate

Isocyanate

R-N=C=O

•Alkylisocyanate

Drill: Draw & Name 5 isomers of:

C3H7NO2

Thiol R-SH

•Sulfhydrylalkane

•Mercaptoalkane

•Alkanethiol

Sulfide

R1-S-R2

•Alkylalkylsulfide

•Alkylalkylthioether

Disulfide

R1-S-S-R2

•Alkylalkyldisulfide

Thioesters O

R1-C-S-R2

•Alkylthioalkanoate

Thiocyanate

R-S-C=N

•Alkylthiocyanate

Isothiocyanate

R-N=C=S

•Alkylisothiocyanate

Name the following:

CO

NH2OH

NC

Phosphates O

R-O-P-O-1

O-1

•Alkylphosphate

Diphosphates O O

R-O-P-O-P-O-1

O-1 O-1

•Alkyldiphosphate

Triphosphates O O O

R-O-P-O-P-O-P-O-1

O-1 O-1 O-1

•Alkyltriphosphate

Phosphodiester O

R1-O-P-O-R2

O-1

•Alkylalkylphosphate

Name the following:

CO

OHNHSH

Cl

Drill:Draw & Name 5

Isomers of:

C3H6SO

Name the following:

O

OHF

Name the following:

OO

O

PO4-2

Name the following:

NH

P3O10-4

Name the following:

O

SH O

H

Name the following:

OH

NH2 O

OH

NC

Name the following:

Br

O

O

NCS

Name the following:

O

OHCl

Drill: Name the following:

O

OF

O

Name the following:

S

OOH

NC

Draw the Following:

•3-methyl-5-propyl-octanoamide

•Octylbutanoate

Draw the Following:

•Aceticpentanoic anhydride

•2-cyano-3-mercaptohexanoic acid

Drill Draw & name 5 isomers

of:

•C3H6O2

Draw:•4-hydroxy-N-

methyl-benzoamide

Drill: Draw:•4-hydroxy-2-

mercapto-4-pentenoic acid

Review

C=C

OR C O R

R N C O

R-SH

R-NH2

OR C OH

O

C

R R

R-OH

O O C CR O R

R C N

H:N R R

OR C NH2

OR C H

R O C N

R1-O-R2

R-I

R +R N R R

C=C

R1-S-R2

OR C S R

R S C N

O -2

O P O R O

R:N R R

R-S-S-R

R N C S

Drill: Name:

OH

O

NH2

SH

Name the compounds on

the board

Draw the compounds on

the board

Draw & Name 10 isomers of

C4H7NO