FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING RESEARCH Sixth Edition CHAPTER Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc....

FOUNDATIONS OFFOUNDATIONS OFNURSING RESEARCHNURSING RESEARCH

Sixth Edition

CHAPTER

Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy

Identifying Nursing Research Problems

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

1. Identify Sources Of Nursing Research Problems

2. Determine Factors To Be Considered When Choosing An Appropriate Topic For A Research Study

3. List The Criteria To Be Considered When Writing A Research Question

4. Discuss The Format For Writing A Research Question

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

5. Write Research Questions For Proposed Nursing Studies

6. Critique Problem Statements, Purpose Statements, And Research Questions In Published Research Reports And Articles

Learning Objective OneLearning Objective One

Identify Sources Of Nursing Research Problems

The Research ProblemThe Research Problem

• Critical first step• Difficult for beginners• Expectation of nursing students• Gives direction to the study• Helps the reader evaluate the research

article

Sources of Nursing Research Sources of Nursing Research ProblemsProblems

• Personal experiences– Important source– Instances that produced questions

• Literature sources– Recommendations for further studies

Sources of Nursing Research Sources of Nursing Research ProblemsProblems

• Existing theories– Test, review, and validate– Needed in nursing

• Previous research– Importance of replication studies

Learning Objective TwoLearning Objective Two

Determine Factors To Be Considered When Choosing An Appropriate

Topic For A Research Study

Ethical ConsiderationsEthical Considerations

• Ethical laws • Professional organizations • Institutional review boards

Significance to NursingSignificance to Nursing

• Will clients benefit from the findings?• Will health care professionals benefit from

the findings?• Will the findings add to our nursing body of

knowledge?• Can nurses use the results?

Personal MotivationPersonal Motivation

• Researcher must be interested in the topic.

• Study becomes “a treasure hunt.”• Results will be rewarding to researcher.

Researcher QualificationsResearcher Qualifications

• Advanced educational preparation• Undergraduate students encouraged • Collaboration among varying skill levels

Feasibility of StudyFeasibility of Study

• Helps guide completion for the study• Consider the time factor• Determine the cost factor• Identify equipment and supplies• Think about administrative and peer

support• See if subjects are available

Learning Objective ThreeLearning Objective Three

List The Criteria To Be Considered When Writing A Research Question

Research Question CriteriaResearch Question Criteria

• Interrogative sentence form• Includes population• Includes variable(s)• Empirically testable

Interrogative Sentence FormInterrogative Sentence Form

• Not declarative• Demands an answer • Grammatically correct and complete• Understandable and easy to respond to

Population of the StudyPopulation of the Study

• Narrow down to main group of interest• Not specific study population

The Variable(s) for the Study The Variable(s) for the Study

• Univariate study– One variable– Exploratory in nature

• Bivariate study– Two variables– Independent variable—cause– Dependent variable—effect– Correlation studies

The Variable(s) for the Study The Variable(s) for the Study

• Multivariate study– More than two variables– Becoming increasingly common– Interaction of the variables

Empirically TestableEmpirically Testable

• Data from sense organs• Ethical and value issues not appropriate• Avoid cause-and-effect words

Learning Objective FourLearning Objective Four

Discuss The Format For Writing A Research Question

Correlational and Comparative Correlational and Comparative Research QuestionsResearch Questions

• Correlational statement– More than one variable– Independent and dependent variables

• Comparative statement– Descriptive or experimental study– More than one variable– Independent and dependent variables

Neutral and NonpredictiveNeutral and Nonpredictive

• Little knowledge or information• Literature search may help in selecting

Learning Objective FiveLearning Objective Five

Write Research Questions For Proposed Nursing Studies

Writing Problem StatementsWriting Problem Statements

• Correlational statement format• Comparative descriptive format• Comparative experimental format• Substitute other variables for X and Y.

Learning Objective SixLearning Objective Six

Critique Problem Statements, Purpose Statements, And Research Questions In Published Research Reports And Articles

Location of Problem StatementLocation of Problem Statement

• The beginning of research article• The abstract often includes it.• The end of the introductory section

Questions to Evaluate Problem Questions to Evaluate Problem StatementStatement

• Is the research problem area clear?• Is there a succinct problem statement,

purpose statement, or research question?• Are the study variables and the population

included?• Was the study quantitative or qualitative?• Were empirical data gathered on the topic

of interest?

Questions to Evaluate Problem Questions to Evaluate Problem StatementStatement

• Was the study ethical?• Is the feasibility of the study evident?• Is the significance to nursing apparent?

FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING RESEARCH Sixth Edition CHAPTER Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc....

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