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2006-04-15
Forest Products Industry NanotechnologyWorkshop Report
European perspective: NanoForestExcerpts from some R&D activities
ByTom Lindström
STFI-Packforsk/KTH
Tom.Lindstrom@stfi.se +46(8) 67 67 370
2006 International Conference onNanotechnology, April 26-28, 2006Atlanta, GA
2006-04-15
”Towards a European Strategy for Nanotechnology”
White Paperby the
Commission of the European Communities, Brussels, May 12, 2004
2006-04-15
Conclusion from the Commision
”The process of preparing roadmaps is useful initself since it requires all stakeholders to interact and think about possible developments, challenges, impact and future needs. However, a generic roadmap for nanotechnology isunrealistic since the field is too broad. Instead,roadmaps should be applied to market sectors thathave reached sufficient maturity. Several roadmaps are being prepared….”
”NanoForest Roadmap” for the Forest Products Cluster
2006-04-15
Roadmap for the Forest Products Industry; ”NanoForest Road Map”
“The overall objective of NANOFOREST is to recognize new and emerging developments in nanotechnology and related areas suitable for practical application in the forest products sector. As an important task NANOFOREST will search for relevant European inter-disciplinary research, networking and international cooperation to promote the collaboration between the forest products industry cluster and relevant fields of nanotechnologies and nanosciences. The question NANOFOREST aims to answer is if nanotechnology can provide the forest products industry with radical innovative changes in its production processes in order to enhance competitiveness of the products or find new ‘smart’ product areas, along with an improved sustainability.
2006-04-15
Sustainpack Platform-a Large EU 6 IP-program aiming at implementing some Nanotechnology elements in the FP-sector
Sustainable Packaging Tool Platformfulfilling packaging demandsusing renewable resources
LeanInteractive
Transparent
BarrierProtectiveEfficient
Safe
3D
The objective is to establish breakthroughs
in the fibre based packaging value chain
2006-04-15
An Integrated Project in the EU 6th Framework Research ProgrammeIn the area of 'Nanotechnologies and nanosciences, knowledge-based multifunctional materials and new production processes and devices'Includes 35 partners from 12 countriesTotal budget 30 M€ over 4 years, of which 16,8 M€from EU.Started June 2004 and ends May 2008Co-ordinator STFI-Packforsk AB, Sweden.
Innovation and Sustainable Development in the Fibre Based Packaging Value Chain
2006-04-15
Lean and EffectiveFibre Based Packaging
Fibre BasedComposite Films
ProtectiveCoatings
3D CompositePackaging
Communicative Packaging
Managem
entD
isse
min
atio
nTraining
Dem
onst
r atio
nInput to Research through
A Technology Mapping Process
Material Research Sub-Projects
SustainPack EU 6th Framework Program (IP)
2006-04-15
Major Nanotechnology Domains Identified for the Forest Products Sector
Nanocoatings using cellulose microfibrils/nanoclays/ Gas, oil resistance, weathering/UV resistance. (packaging materials,structural wood materials)
Nanostructured surfaces (superhydrophobicity)
A. Nanocomposite/composite cellulosic materialsNanocomposites using cellulose microfibrils/nanoclaysUse of cellulose microfibrils in pmkg
B. Nanocoatings
2006-04-15
(Sakurada et al)
Data for Data for RamieRamieEEII = 137 = 137 GPaGPa
Modulus of MFC?
2006-04-15
Microfibrillated Cellulose MFCTurbak, A.F., Snyder, F.W. and Sandberg, K.R.J. Appl. Polym. Science. Applied Pol. Symp. 37(1983)
But: Very high energy consumption!
Microfibrillar Cellulose (MFC) first produced by Turbak and co-workers at ITT in the beginning of the 80´s
Disintegration Disintegration ((homogenizationhomogenization))
2006-04-15
Micro Fibrillated Cellulose (MFC)“NanoCellulose” after the Millenium
1st Gen 2nd Gen
2006-04-15
AFM-imaging of MFC20 nm Microfibrils (1st Gen)
Height Phase
AFM-images (Laine, 2004)Scan size: 1 µm, Z-range : 40 nm
1 μm 1 μm
2006-04-15
Surface Application of MFC on SC-Magazine Paper (SEM)
2006-04-15
STFI-Packforsk, 2nd Gen. Nanocellulose
TEM-NanoCellulose (Width: 17nm/Length in excess of 1000nm)
2006-04-15
Stress-Strain curves for different MFCs and linerboard
Kraft Linerboard
Courtesy: Berglund, KTH
STFI-MFC 1st gen.STFI-MFC 2nd gen.
2006-04-15
Strength and Ductility
Courtesy: Berglund, KTH
2006-04-15
Strength at yield point of the 50% MFC-starch composites
0
10
2 0
3 0
4 0
5 0
6 0
7 0
8 0
9 0
LDP E HDP E HI P S P ET Bi oc omposi t e s
Strength at yield of the 50% MFC-starch biocomposites compared to some commercial polymers
Courtesy: Berglund, KTH
2006-04-15
The Sheffield-Hallam University DENA Clay exfoliation System
Courtesy: C.Breen, SHU
2006-04-15
Disordered exfoliated
nanocomposite
Clay layer
Cationic surfactant
polymer
Ordered intercalated nanocomposite
A: ‘Traditional’phase-separated microcomposite
‘XRD silent'
2006-04-15
Nanocomposite films with very low Mw chitosan modified Na+ Cloisite
B: PVOH 0.5 CEC dried clay - SILENTC: PVOH 1 CEC dried clay – EX/INTE: chitosan 0.5 CEC dried clay – INT/EXF: chitosan 1 CEC dried clay - INTERCALATED
(C. Breen, 2005, SustainPack)
2006-04-15
Major Nanotechnology Domains Identified for the Forest Products Sector
C. Nanocoating/particle incorporation-applications
Intelligent food packaging: Nanoparticles to change colour when subjected to oxidation/temperature/humidity…. Nanobarcodes. UV-protection. Antimicrobial treatments (TiO2 nanoparticles…)
Hygiene products. Antimicrobial surfaces, drug delivery systems, odor control, fragrance release (e.g cyclodextrins), biosensors…..
2006-04-15
QuickTime och enTIFF (LZW)-dekomprimerare
krävs för att kunna se bilden.
2006-04-15
Major Nanotechnology Domains Identified for the Forest Products Sector. Domains with Advanced Research Activities
Toposelective nano-engineered cellulosic surfaces. Classical papermaking and for cellulosic composites
D. Surface modification of cellulose
2006-04-15
Concept of Grafting of Cell. Derivatives
Chemical additives with two functionalities- One functionality for irreversible
bonding to fibres (literature revealsthat β 1-4 glucans and mannansinteract with cellulose)
- One functionality for aidinteractions
- Toposelectivity can becontrolled by changing theMw of the polymer
- e.g Carboxymethylcellulose
COO- R+
2006-04-15
Influence of CMC-graftingon the Stress-Strain Curve
(Bleached SW Kraft)
2006-04-15
CMC-grafted Fibres
Laine J, LindströmT, Bremberg Ch and Glad-Nordmark G (2003)Nordic Pulp and Paper Res. J. 18: 3, 326-333
2006-04-15
Tensile Strength as a Function of Density for Beaten and CMC-
Treated Pulps
Density [kg/m3]400 450 500 550 600 650
Tensile index [Nm/g]
0
10
20
30
40
50
CMC-treated, Na-form
PFI-beaten, Na-form
Laine J,Lindström T, Glad-Nordmark G and Risinger G (2002)Nordic Pulp and Paper Res. J., 17:1, 50-56.
2006-04-15
Bad Formation (left) vs Good Formation (right) (Betaradiographs)
2006-04-15
Electrostatic Repulsion Lowers Friction between Surfaces
2006-04-15
Effect of CMC-grafting on Fibre Dispersion
Bleached softwood kraft pulpFibre concentration: 5 g/l Flow velocity: 8 m/s
Friction reduction Huawei Yan, Ph.D.thesis, KTH, 2004
2006-04-15
Principles of PEM Treatment
Decher, GScience 277(1997)1235
2006-04-15
Properties of Paper Formed from Treated Fibres
Influence of multilayers on paper strength
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Layer Number
Tens
ile in
dex
(kN
m/k
g)
Dry propertiesWet properties
PAH as outer layer
PAA as outer layer
Without heating no wet strength !!
Courtesy:Wågberg (KTH)
2006-04-15
Nacre (Mother of Pearl) and its equivalent biomimetic structure (left) and anionic montmorillonite layered with a cationic polyelectrolyte (Kotov et al Nature (2003),423 925)
2006-04-15
A Biomimetic Approach to Cellulose Fibre Modification
from Rose & Bennett, Trends in Plant Sci., 1999.
XET
XET
XET
modified XGO
high affinity of XG for celluloseability of XET to modify XG
© 2005 M. Baumann
Courtesy. Baumann and Teeri (KTH)
2006-04-15
Proof-of-principle
XET
bind
XG
XGO-FITC
XG-FITC
• Adsorption of XG-FITC onto paper readily observed
• Incorporation of XGO-FITC into XG easily monitored
Brumer H, Zhou Q, Baumann MJ, Carlsson K, Teeri TT (2004) J Am Chem Soc, 126, 5715-5721. ©20
05 M
. Bau
man
n
Courtesy. Baumann and Teeri (KTH)
2006-04-15
Major Nanotechnology Domains Identified for the Forest Products Sector. Domains with Emerging Research Activities
Electrospinning and biomimetic spinning using liquid crystal cellulosics
E. Cellulosic nanofibres
F. Self-assembly and functionalized cellulosic nanorods (fundamentals)
2006-04-15
Cellulose Micro/Nanofibres through Electrospinning
(NewCell, VinTekes)
2006-04-15
Self-assembly and functionalized cellulosic nanorods
NanoCell,VinTekes
2006-04-15
Major Nanotechnology Domains Identified for the Forest Products Sector. Domains with Advanced Research Activities
Organic thin film field-effect transistors (OTFT´s)
Organic electronic liquid displays (OLED´s)
E-ink, E-paper etc
G. Flexible Electronics on Paper/Interactive Paper
2006-04-15
Consilience of Technologies for the Customer through Paradigm Shifting
Technology
Electronicson the paper
PaperDisplays
Logistics
RFID
ElectronicSensors
Services (e.g. MIT, ACREO, KTH)
Advertisingmarket
2006-04-15
Smart Package Based on RFIDMass check out Track products through their entire lifetime.Postal package trackingSecurity tracking
Courtesy:Li-Rong ZhengKTH, 2004
2006-04-15
Sensing, Memory, Computing, Display, and Communication on Smart Package
Help! I am kidnapped!
I am 50% off
Date: 2004-6-1Temp: 21C Date: 2004-6-5Temp: 39C
Courtesy: Li-Rong Zheng KTH, 2004
2006-04-15
Focus: Technology Fusion and System Integration on Paper and Paper-Based Substrates
Paper & Fiber Production
Organic/Polymer Electronics:
materials and devices
Inkjet printing & laser printing
Communication and Computing Technologies
Interconnections & Packaging,
Manufacturing,Sensors and
Flexible DisplaysTechnology
Fusion & System Integration
(system design and implementation low cost integration and assembly,
design for manufacturability& robustness)
Micro-nanoelectric
Circuits & Systems
Communication Process,media
technology
E-ink, power ink and other chemicals
Bio, micro-nanoelectronics
Processing
Courtesy: Li-Rong Zheng KTH, 2004
2006-04-15
General Observations on Nanotechnology Trends in the Forest
Products Sector in EuropeFunding (at this moment) driven by industrial needs (e.g SustainPack) rather than scientific curiosity
Industry is a very interested observer-renewed interest in long-term paradigm-shifting technologies (?)
EU Commision active in pursuing Nanotechnology not only for high-tech. industry but also for base industries
Biomimetics-a major source for inspiration
Top-down rather than bottom-up approaches sofar
2006-04-15
Thank you for Your attention!
Acknolwledgements to all contributors and financiers and
the EU Commision!
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