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Flight Planning & Aircraft
Performance – Part 2
PRESENTED BY:
David Robins, Colt International
Jason Roberson, Prime Jet
Schedulers & Dispatchers Conference | San Antonio, TX | January 22 – 25, 2013
Wednesday, January 23, 2013 | 3:30pm – 5:00pm
Advance flight planning
• When flight planning and aircraft the following items should be
considered:
– Aircraft capabilities
• Range
• Navigation
• Performance
– Weather and NOTAMs
– Regulatory requirements
2
What are the considerations?
How to flight plan from A to B
• Aircraft performance
– Takeoff
• Runway analysis
– Enroute
• Altitude selection
• Cruise speeds
• Driftdown
– Landing
• Runway analysis
3
Aircraft data and performance
How to flight plan from A to B
• Enroute Performance
– MEA - Minimum Enroute Altitude
– MOCA - Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude
– MORA - Minimum Off Route Altitude
– Driftdown - 1EO performance
5
Aircraft data and performance
How to flight plan from A to B
• What are the aircraft and crews capabilities?
– Consideration should be given to:
• Standard Instrument Departure (SID)
• Enroute
• Standard Terminal Arrival Route (STAR)
• Planning restrictions
– Consideration should be given to:
• Weather and notams
• Published procedures/restrictions
• Special use areas
7
Route selection
How to flight plan from A to B
• When selecting a SID consideration should be given to:
– RNAV or Non RNAV procedures?
– Jet or Non-Jet procedure?
– Other restrictions?
8
Route selection - SID
How to flight plan from A to B
• When planning the enroute portion of the flight consideration
should be given to:
– Airway type selection?
– Direct routings?
– ATC/IFR preferred routings?
– Are there any organized track structures (OTS)?
– Enroute weather?
– Will the flight operate over remote areas?
• Are ETP’s required?
• Will the flight operate under ETOPS rules?
9
Route selection - Enroute
How to flight plan from A to B
• OTS – Organized Track Structures
– North Atlantic Tracks (NATs)
10
Route selection - Enroute
How to flight plan from A to B
• Consideration should be given to;
– Is the alternate airport suitable for this type of operation?
– Can you aircraft type operate in to and out of this location?
– Are there ground supporting services available at this location?
– Does the weather forecast at this location meet the alternate limits
criteria for your aircraft type?
– Are there any NOTAMs that may prevent you from selecting this
location?
11
Enroute Alternate airport selection
How to flight plan from A to B
• Equal Time Point (ETP) – Depressurization (10,000FT)
– Loss of an engine (1EO Optimum)
– Medical emergency (Current FL)
------------------------ ALL ENGINES AT 10000 FT ------------------------
EQUAL TIME POINT DATA CYQX-BIKF
ETP WAYPOINT AT N50 11.7 W034 39.7 W/C DIST TIME TO
ORIGIN APT TO ETP WAYPOINT 1713 03.39
ETP WAYPOINT TO CYQX M37 776 03.12
ETP WAYPOINT TO BIKF P08 912 03.12
CRUISE MODE AT FLIGHT LEVEL 10000
TEMP AT FLIGHT LEVEL 10000 ISA M07
FUEL BURN TO ETP WAYPOINT 19563
FUEL OVERHEAD ETP WAYPOINT 017799
FUEL BURN FROM ETP TO ALTN 014787
FUEL REMAINING AT ETP ALTN 003012
TOTAL ETP FUEL REQUIRED 034350
13
Route selection - Enroute
How to flight plan from A to B
• ETOPS – Extended Operations
• Basic
– 60 min
– 120 min
– 180 min
• Beyond 180
– +180 min
14
Route selection - Enroute
How to flight plan from A to B
• PNR – Point of No Return (Critical Point)
– PNR’s are not ETPs
16
Route selection - Enroute
How to flight plan from A to B
• What is a Reclear?
– Reclear waypoint
– Reclear destination
– Reclear alternate
17
Reclear (Re-dispatch)
How to flight plan from A to B
– Standard flight plan FUEL TIME DIST ARRIVE TAKEOFF LAND AV PLD OPNLWT
POA EGGW 015162 06.10 3076 06.24Z 071604 056442 005000 048300
ALT EGSS 001500 00.10 0043 SECONDARY ALT-NIL FOD 003142
HLD 000992 00.30
RES 000650 00.18
ADD 000000 00.00
REQ 018304 07.08
TXI 000400 00.10
XTR 000000 00.00
TOT 018704 07.18 UNITS LBS DXR D ROBINS GC 2966
– Reclear flight plan FUEL TIME DIST ARRIVE TAKEOFF LAND AV PLD OPNLWT
POA EGGW 015007 06.10 3076 06.24Z 071000 055893 005000 048300
ALT EGSS 001500 00.10 0043 SECONDARY ALT-NIL FOD 002593
HLD 000992 00.30
RES 000101 00.03
ADD 000000 00.00
REQ 017600 06.53
TXI 000400 00.10
XTR 000045 00.01
TOT 018000 07.04 UNITS LBS DXR D ROBINS GC 2966
18
Reclear (Re-dispatch)
How to flight plan from A to B
• When selecting a STAR consideration should be given to:
– RNAV or Non RNAV procedures?
– Jet or Non-Jet procedure
– Other restrictions?
19
Route selection - STAR
How to flight plan from A to B
• When determining the flight altitude consideration should be
given to the following:
– RVSM approved?
– MNPS approved?
– 8.33Mhz Radio Spacing?
– MORA – Minimum Off Route Altitude
– MOCA – Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude
– IFR preferred altitudes
20
Altitude selections
How to flight plan from A to B
• Consideration should be given to;
– Origin to destination fuel burn
– Alternate fuel
– Hold (Final reserve) fuel
– Enroute reserve fuel
– Contingency fuel
– Tankered fuel
– ETP fuel
– Reclear/Re-dispatch fuel
21
Fuel calculations
How to flight plan from A to B
• Pacific flight plan VNY-OGG
– ETPs
• Trans Atlantic flight plan HPN– LGW
– OTS
– ETPs
– ETOPS
• Long range flight SVO-LAX
– ETP’s
– ETOPS
– Reclear/Re-dispatch
22
Examples of flight planning
Conclusion
23
Flight planning an aircraft can be a complex and challenging
process.
There are many variables to consider, often under continually
changing circumstances.
But at the end of the day when the aircraft has reached it’s final
destination, you have played a very important and necessary role
in the safe and successful operation of the flight!
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