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7/24/2019 Fisiologi-The Autonomic Nervous System-bshb14 (2)
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
C h a p t e r
16
The Autonomic
Nervous System
PowerPoint Lecture Slidesprepared by Jason LaPres
Lone Star College - North Harris
Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc,
pu!"ishing as Pearson #en$amin Cummings
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
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$bjecti5e
. Compare the organi6ation o7 the autonomic ner5ous system 8ith the
somatic ner5ous system.
2. Contrast the structures and 7unctions o7 the sympathetic and
parasympathetic di5isions o7 the autonomic ner5ous system.
-. %escribe the mechanisms o7 neurotransmitter release in the autonomic
ner5ous system.
. Compare the e77ects o7 the 5arious autonomic neurotransmitters on target
organs and tissues.
1. %iscuss the relationship bet8een the t8o di5isions o7 the autonomic ner5ous
system and the signi7icance o7 dual inner5ation.
. Eplain the importance o7 autonomic tone.:. %escribe the hierarchy o7 interacting le5els o7 control in the autonomic
ner5ous system.
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
'n Introduction to the '!
omatic !er5ous ystem ;!< $perates under conscious control
eldom a77ects long=term sur5i5al
! controls s>eletal muscles
'utonomic !er5ous ystem ;'!, or limbs
Enter gray ramus
#eturn to spinal ner5e 7or distribution
Postganglionic 7ibers inner5ate e77ectors
8eat glands o7 s>in
mooth muscles in super7icial blood 5essels
Postganglionic 7ibers inner5ating structures in thoracic
ca5ity 7orm bundles
ympathetic ner5es
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
ympathetic %i5ision
Each sympathetic chain ganglia contains
- cer5ical ganglia
0@2 thoracic ganglia
@1 lumbar ganglia
@1 sacral ganglia
coccygeal ganglion
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
ympathetic %i5ision
*igure @1 "he %istribution o7 ympathetic Inner5ation.
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
ympathetic %i5ision
*igure @1 "he %istribution o7 ympathetic Inner5ation.
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
ympathetic %i5ision
*igure @1 "he %istribution o7 ympathetic Inner5ation.
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
ympathetic %i5ision
*igure @1 "he %istribution o7 ympathetic Inner5ation.
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
ympathetic %i5ision
ollateral !anglia #ecei5e sympathetic inner5ation 5ia
sympathetic preganglionic 7ibers
planchnic ner5es *ormed by preganglionic 7ibers that inner5ate
collateral ganglia
In dorsal 8all o7 abdominal ca5ity
$riginate as paired ganglia ;le7t and right o7 autonomic nerves
Preganglionic 7ibers 7rom lumbar segments
*orm splanchnic ner5es
End at in"erior mesenteric ganglion
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
ympathetic %i5ision
Collateral 3anglia
Celiac ganglion
Pair o7 interconnected masses o7 gray matter
/ay 7orm single mass or many inter8o5en masses
Postganglionic 7ibers inner5ate stomach, li5er,
gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
ympathetic %i5ision
Collateral 3anglia
uperior mesenteric ganglion
!ear base o7 superior mesenteric artery
Postganglionic 7ibers inner5ate small intestine and
proimal 2F- o7 large intestine
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
ympathetic %i5ision
Collateral 3anglia
In7erior mesenteric ganglion
!ear base o7 in7erior mesenteric artery
Postganglionic 7ibers pro5ide sympathetic
inner5ation to portions o7 large intestine, >idney,
urinary bladder, and se organs
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
ympathetic %i5ision
Suprarenal #edullae
Preganglionic 7ibers entering suprarenal gland
proceed to center ;suprarenal medullaeletal muscles and the brain Produce 5asodilation and increased blood 7lo8
"h P th ti %i i i
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"he Parasympathetic %i5ision
'utonomic !uclei
're contained in the mesencephalon, pons,
and medulla oblongata
associated 8ith cranial ner5es III, (II, I,
In lateral gray horns o7 spinal segments 2@0
"he Paras mpathetic %i ision
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
"he Parasympathetic %i5ision
3anglionic !eurons in Peripheral 3anglia
Terminal ganglion
!ear target organ
&sually paired
Intramural ganglion
Embedded in tissues o7 target organ
Interconnected masses
Clusters o7 ganglion cells
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
g y
Parasympathetic %i5ision
Parasympathetic preganglionic 7ibers lea5e brain as
components o7 cranial ner5es
III ;oculomotoridneys, urinary bladder, portions o7 large intestine, and the
se organs
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
g yParasympathetic %i5ision
*igure @G "he %istribution o7 Parasympathetic Inner5ation.
$rgani6ation and 'natomy o7 the
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
g yParasympathetic %i5ision
*igure @G "he %istribution o7 Parasympathetic Inner5ation.
"he Parasympathetic %i5ision
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
"he Parasympathetic %i5ision
Parasympathetic 'cti5ation
Centers on relaation, 7ood processing, and
energy absorption
4ocali6ed e77ects, last a 7e8 seconds at most
"he Parasympathetic %i5ision
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
"he Parasympathetic %i5ision
/ajor e77ects o7 parasympathetic di5ision include onstriction o" pupils
#estricts light entering eyes
Secretion ,y digestive glands
Eocrine and endocrine
Secretion o" hormones
!utrient absorption and utili6ation
hanges in ,lood "low and glandular activity
'ssociated 8ith seual arousal
"he Parasympathetic %i5ision
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
"he Parasympathetic %i5ision
/ajor e77ects o7 parasympathetic di5ision include Increase in smooth muscle acti5ity along digesti5e
tract
%e7ecation? stimulation and coordination
Contraction o7 urinary bladder during urination
Constriction o7 respiratory passage8ays
#eduction in heart rate and 7orce o7 contraction
"he Parasympathetic %i5ision
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
"he Parasympathetic %i5ision
'nabolic ystem
timulation increases nutrient content o7
blood
Cells absorb nutrients
Parasympathetic !eurons #elease 'Ch
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Parasympathetic !eurons #elease 'Ch
!euromuscular and !euroglandular Junctions
'll release 'Ch as neurotransmitter
mall, 8ith narro8 synaptic cle7ts
E77ects o7 stimulation are short li5ed
Inacti5ated by $hEat synapse
'Ch is also inacti5ated by pseudocholinesterase ;tissue
cholinesterase< in surrounding tissues
Parasympathetic !eurons #elease 'Ch
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Parasympathetic !eurons #elease 'Ch
/embrane #eceptors and #esponses
Nicotinic receptors
$n sur7aces o7 ganglion cells ;sympathetic and
parasympathetic
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Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Parasympathetic !eurons #elease 'Ch
/embrane #eceptors and #esponses #uscarinic receptors
't cholinergic neuromuscular or neuroglandular junctions
;parasympathetic
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