Final MR 26Jan Agrobiodiversity GBIF · Agrobiodiversity is a vital sub-set of biodiversity Crop...

ICS

26 Jan 2017

Agrobiodiversity is a vital sub-set of biodiversity

Crop species / varieties

Wild harvested plants

Crops Wild Species (CWR)Landraces

Livestock and fish species

Biocontrol agents for crop/livestock pests

Soil organisms in cultivated areas

Pollinators

Agrobiodiversity

Crop Wild Relatives (CWR)

The Western Mediterranean Region is one

of the top biodiversity hotspots of Europe

barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.)

olive (Olea europaea L.)

wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.)

D.A. Webbsugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.)

Crop wild relatives (CWR) are those taxa

related to species (crops) with high socio-

economic importance

contain great genetic diversity than the crop species

have successfully colonized adverse habitats, and they are

repositories of beneficial traits lost by the crop species during

domestication and breeding

can contribute with useful genes:

(i) pest and disease resistance

(ii) abiotic tolerance (drought and salinity)

Crop Wild Relatives:

CWR are potential gene donors to a crop It is essential to understand the diversity and distribution of the CWR and how

closely a taxon is related to a crop for it to be considered a CWR

All are derived from the wild form

Study group: Sugarbeet speciesSUGARBEET

(Beta vulgaris spp. vulgaris)

WILD FORM

(Beta vulgaris spp. maritima)

Sugarbeet is the primary crop in the genus Beta L.

Beta vulgaris spp. vulgaris is divided into four

cultivar groups:leaf beet

garden beet

fodder beet

sugarbeet

Beta L. - Subfamily Betoidea

(Amaranthaceae)

Subfamily Betoideae:

Taxonomy and distribution

Beta-Patellifolia species from Portugal and Macaronesian

Islands. (A–B). Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima (Portugal

mainland); (C–D). Patellifolia patellaris (Sagres, Portugal

Mainland); (E). P. procumbens (Cabo Verde); (F–G). B.

macrocarpa (Tavira, Portugal mainland).

How closely a taxon is related to a crop for be considered a CWR?

ROMEIRAS M.M., et al. 2016. PLoS ONE 11(3): e0152456

“Em Portugal a informação encontra-se

dispersa (...) pelo que se justifica a atribuição de

um elevado grau de prioridade à realização do

inventário nacional”

Collaborative programme among most

European countries:

First step: getting data from National & European inventories

Getting data from biodiversity databases

� The centres of diversity are geographical areas where the genetic

diversity of the crop and wild species is still thought to be concentrated

� Discovering richest regions in terms of CWR, allow us to efficiently plan

conservation efforts to target them

� To gain insights into the effectiveness of ex-situ conservation efforts for

the priority CWR taxa, data are frequently extracted from GBIF

GBIF is one of the largest and most widely used

biodiversity databases, with the objective to

‘make the world’s primary data on biodiversity

freely and universally available via the Internet’

Getting data from biodiversity databases

Getting data from biodiversity databases

Getting data from biodiversity databases

Further informationother databases

Getting data from other databases

Patellifolia patellaris

Patellifolia webbiana

Patellifolia procumbens

Patellifolia:

Getting data from biodiversity databases

ROMEIRAS M.M., et al. 2016. PLoS ONE 11(3): e0152456

Patellifolia can transmit traits providing resistance to serious diseases of sugarbeets:

sugarbeet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii Schmidt)

leaf spot disease (Cercospora beticola Sacc.)

powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni DC.)

Getting data from biodiversity databases

CWR data extracted from GBIF: some examples

mmromeiras@fc.ul.pt

Muito Obrigada!

Maria

ICS, 26 Jan 2017