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8/9/2019 Fibers and Dyes
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Dyes and Fibers
Carol LeBaron Chemistry and Art
February 15-17, 2004
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Nasa !ari te"tile, 400 C# $esist dyed
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Li%ht is made u& o' bands &' (aryin%
)a(elen%ths
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$e'letion
* !hite an only bebro+en u& by &risms or
by olorants suh as
&i%ments and dyes
* his sur'ae has no
olorant so the li%ht is
re'leted
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t an be 'ully absorbed by the sur'ae
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.r a trans&arent sur'ae may let all o' the
li%ht &ass throu%h or a olored sur'ae
may absorb &art o' the s&etrum
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Bands o' li%ht mi" to%ether to &rodue
li%hter olors
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A /blue sur'ae absorbs red, oran%e, and
yello) li%ht
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A /yello) sur'ae absorbs blue and (iolet
li%ht
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he &i%ment &rimaries absorb and re'let
di''erent ombinations o' olored li%ht
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nter'erene the +ind o' sur'ae li%ht hits
an a''et the )ay li%ht )a(es beha(e
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trutural Color
* ridesene
* Luminesene
* $e'ration
* Di''ration* Fluoresene
* 3hos&horesene
* aterials that li%ht hitsan ause a multitude
o' e''ets
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he nature o' 'iber a''ets the )ay li%ht
a&&ears
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Fiber re'lets, re'rats, absorbs and
di''uses
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he uniue olor &ro&erties o' 'iber
de&end on the interation o' 'abri
struture, dye a&&liation, and li%ht
/6umidity 20028
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3i%ments and Dyes
* A dye is a olorant that%oes into solution ordissol(es9 Dye&artiles brea+ a&art
into sin%le moleules* 3i%ment &artiles
remain lusteredto%ether in sus&ension
* Dyes ha(e a hemiala''inity 'or 'iber but&i%ments do not
3i%ment
&artiles
Dye
moleules
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3i%ments and Dyes
* 3i%ment moleulesarry their o)n olor
* hey do not unite )ith
'iber moleuleshemially and must
be 'i"ed to the 'ibers
)ith bondin% a%ents
* n man made 'ibers&i%ments an be mi"ed
into the 'iber solution
be'ore it is 'ormed
* Dyes mi%rate out o' thesolution, are absorbed intothe 'iber, and di''use 'romthe sur'ae o' the 'iberto)ard its enter9 herethey either: Bond hemially )ith 'iber
moleules
.$
: $eat hemially )ith 'ibermoleules to &rodue&ermanent, enlar%ed olored'iber moleules
* Both situations are&ermanent
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Dye moleules must be 'irmly 'i"ed to
'iber
Chain 'iber
moleule
Dye
moleules
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A ne%ati(e dye moleule lin+s )ith a &ositi(e 'iber
moleule at a dye site9 he &roess is a''eted by
sur'ae har%e, tem&erature, and a%itation9 Di''erent
'ibers ha(e di''erent numbers o' dye sites9 !ool 'iber has
1000 dye sites, sil+ has 100, and otton has less than 10
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Assembly o' dye moleules at the 'iber
sur'ae
* !hen soa+ed in )ater all 'ibers auire an eletri&otential or sur'ae har%e
* Cellulosi 'ibers auire ne%ati(e har%es
* 3rotein 'ibers auire both &ositi(e and ne%ati(ehar%es, de&endin% on the &6 o' the )ater
* Aid solutions hel& brea+ do)n &rotein 'ibers toallo) dye sites aess to the dye
* Cellulose 'ibers must be soa+ed in al+aline solution* alt is used to set u& eletrial mo(ement that
initiates the mo(ement o' dye moleules in searho' a restin% &lae on the 'iber
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.ne the dye moleule enters the 'iber, it
has a a hemial reation )ith it9 t is
enlar%ed, )hih &re(ents its e"it9
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Color is &rodued )hen a di(ided
moleule is united9
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Aid Dyes
* ;sed mainly on )ool, sil+, and nylon
Recommended