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Fakes, Forgeries and the Future
Francis EastaughGeneral Manager (UK)Art Analysis and Research
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What can art forensics do for
you?
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20 – 50% of the artworks in the worldare fakes, forgeries, mistaken identifications, or unknowns
Art Market Risk
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Typical means for authentication and attribution:
• Provenance which suffers from incomplete and scattered sources
• Connoisseurship which is subjective and vulnerable to litigation risk
Lack of Tools and Methods
Knoedler Gallery
Largest modern forgery case – 2011 to
2016
• Modern and Post War Paintings
• Manufactured Provenance
• Works sold for up to $17M5
Wolfgang Beltracchi
Most financially successful forger in history
• Technically sophisticated forgeries
• Forged provenance
• Real certificates of authenticity6
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Two Paintings
One Original
Double Trouble
Finding Lost Treasure
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Visible Light
TransmittedLight
Traced Image of
Underdrawing
Artist’sSketch Book
Increase in value of over 100x due to proper attribution
Due Diligence Best Practices
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What is Art Forensics?
Art forensics is the use of scientific tools to understand the creation and condition of art objects.
Key components:
• Materials Analysis
• Technical Imaging
• Data Analytics
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Material Science
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Determining the materials present
Technical Imaging
Visible
InfraredUltraviolet
X-ray
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Ultra-High Resolution Imaging
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Record and Track Condition
Assess Damage Post Loss
Data Analytics
Key tools:
• Pigment database
• Artist’s technique database
• Image database
• Automated reporting
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Art Forensics Buyers Guide
Find A Laboratory That…
• Does this work routinely
• Used by major institutions
• Independent
• Offers full confidentiality
• Cost not tied to value of the object
Report Should Demonstrate…
• Database of materials and techniques
• Clear explanation of process and results
• Results in commercial and art historical context
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Pre-Risk
• Higher levels of transactional due diligence
• Art forensics as a routine element of due diligence
• High resolution imaging for condition documentation
• Better risk assessment for authenticity issues
Post Loss
• Condition tracking to pinpoint time and extent of
damage
• Forensic testing to show how damage occurred
The Future
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