FAA Runway Safety Initiatives

Presented to: NATA Airport Committee

By: James R. White, FAA

Date: March, 2012

Federal AviationAdministration

FAA Runway Safety

Initiatives

2Federal AviationAdministration

High-speed operations with little margin for error

Minimal separation and rapid pace

Complex environment

Low visibility in

poor weather

Combination of Factors Minimizes Safety Margin

Runway Safety:Surface Operations Risk Factors

Global

Runway

Safety

Global Runway Safety Action Items• Runway safety teams should be established

• Focus areas:– runway excursions

– runway incursions

– bird strikes

– FOD

• Technical solutions– RSAs,

– EMAS

– Performance Based Navigation (PBN)

• Aircraft situational awareness and moving maps

• ICAO compliant lighting and signs

• 12 Regional RW Safety Seminars over next 2 years. First one was in Miami in U.S. in October 2011

Airport Operations (millions)

,000,0

18.5* as of

2/9/12

* Rates are based on Estimated Tower Operations

All Categories of Runway Incursions

58.56 52.65

•17.22*

FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12

Category A&B Runway Incursions

Airport Operations (millions)

,000,0

* Rates are based on Estimated Tower Operations

24 0.2000.138

Rate est. 0.35 *

as of 2/9/12

17.22*

ICAO and Safety Management Systems

• SMS added to Annex 14

• Need to be proactive, identify risk, mitigate

risk before introducing changes to airport

infrastructure or procedures.

• ICAO issued SMS manual.

• An SMS is defined as a systematic

approach to managing safety, including the

necessary organizational structures,

accountabilities, policies, and procedures.”

– ICAO SMM Doc9859, 2009

SMS Defined

Safety Risk Management (SRM)

Mitigate RisksIdentify actions, controls, or other measures to reduce the

likelihood of consequences associated with a hazard. Reduce

the predictedrisk level to medium or low.

Assess Risks Severity and likelihood are used to determine associated

risk using predictive risk matrix.

Analyze RisksFor each hazard, identify the worst case outcomes that are

responsible or credible within the operational lifetime of the

system. Determine consequences; likelihood and severity.

Identify

Hazards

Identify any condition or situation that could create

adverse safety consequences for the airport, users,

and surrounding community. Include operational,

personnel, organizational, and environmental factors.

Describe

SystemIdentify all related systems and include operational, procedural,

organizational, and environmental factors as well as physical

characteristics.

SMS for Airports in the U.S.

• Require rulemaking to amend Part 139.

• Rulemaking action underway.

• Issued Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for

public comment.

• Currently considering comments received.

• SMS pilot report on rulemaking docket.

• Examples of SMS manuals on rulemaking

docket.

• FAA Issue final SMS rule spring 2013.

http://www.faa.gov/airports/airport_safety/signs_marking/

New Airport Markings

Enhanced Taxiway Centerline Surface Holding Position Signs

Runway Status Lights (RWSL)

Configurations

Takeoff Hold Lights (THLs)Runway Entrance Lights (RELs)

RWSL Installation Plan

• RWSL will be installed at 23 ASDE-X

airports

• Contract awarded fall 2008

• FAA owns, operates, and maintains entire

system

• Initial Operational Readiness Summer 2012

Participation in RSATs

Recommendation – Highlight the taxiway centerline from

Alpha around the corner towards Runway 3 and install a

surface painted destination sign for Runway 3.

Southwest

Recommendation Implemented

LESSONS LEARNED

• BURBANK,

CALIFORNIA

Lack of RESA

Engineered Materials Arresting

System (EMAS) Installations

Baton Rouge Metropolitan Airport, LA Roanoke Regional Airport, WV

Little Rock Airport, AR Greater Binghamton Airport, NYPhotos Courtesy

of ESCO

Successful EMAS Capture

EMAS capture of a Boeing 747 at JFK International Airport, NY

January 2005

Courtesy: ESCO

EMAS capture of a Falcon 900 at Greenville Downtown Airport, SC

July 17, 2006

Key West

NGG GLASOPOR EMASCOMPANY AND PRODUCT BACKGROUND

• NGG is Norway’s leading environmental services

provider, who offers a waste management and

recycling solutions.

• They developed an energy absorbing loose fill

material made of recycled glass called “Glasopor”.

• In cooperation with the Norwegian aviation

authority (Avinor) and Protection Engineering

Consultants (PEC), performed an ACRP study to

develop an EMAS made of Glasopor.

NGG GLASOPOR EMAS

• Glasopor ranges in size from 2-3 inches in

volume to small particles of dust.

NGG GLASOPOR EMAS

• Glasopor EMAS consists of 3 components:

– Glasopor material

– Protective cover layer

– Sub-structure for anchoring

Wildlife Hazard Mitigation R&D

The Problem

• Bird populations are increasing.– Canada Geese increased mean of 13.3% per year from 1980

to 2010.

– 13 of 14 species over 8 pounds have significantly increased.

• Birds staying in urban areas.

• Commercial aircraft movements increasing in U.S.– 18 million in 1980

– 25.2 million in 2010

– 37 million estimated in 2030

• Reported strikes have gone up 5x since 1990– 1,759 in 1990

– 9,622 in 2010

Wildlife Hazard Assessment

• Identify species, numbers, locations, local

movements

• Daily and seasonal occurrences of observed

wildlife

• Describe existing wildlife hazards to air carrier

operations

• Review strike records

• Identify wildlife attractants on and off airport

• Provide recommendations for reducing wildlife

hazards

Wildlife Hazard Management Plan

• Provide measures to alleviate or eliminate wildlife

hazards.

• Identify persons who have authority for

implementing the plan.

• Priorities for needed habitat modification.

• Identification of resources for the plan.

• Procedures to be followed during air carrier

operations.

• Wildlife control measures.

• Plan reviewed and approved by FAA

FAA Airport Technology

Research & Development

• $29 Million in funding FY 2012

• Research Areas:

– Pavements

– Planning and design

– Lighting and marking

– Rescue and firefighting

– Wildlife hazard mitigation

– Runway safety

Airport Cooperative

Research Program

(ACRP)

• $15 Million in FY 2012

• Over 101 studies underway

• 93 studies published

FAA Technical Center

http://www.airporttech.tc.faa.gov/

http://www.trb.org/ACRP/Public/ACRP.aspx

3/14/12 Airport Safety R&D

Evaluation of Light Emitting Diode (LED) Airport

Pavement Linear Source Visual Aid

1. Determine if a linear light source can provide significant

advantages versus a point source as a visual aid.

2. If it is determined that a linear source has advantages, determine

what applications would benefit from this source.

3. Evaluate LED Linear light source applications through field tests.

Fire Research Mock-up Section

ARFF – Penetrating Nozzles

Current Generation

• 2nd level penetration

possible, however, vehicle will

be too close to burning aircraft

and aircraft must be level.

• Penetrating nozzle should be

as close to 90 deg. to skin as

possible.

• Penetrating nozzle should

be in-line with boom arm.

ARFF – High Reach Extendible Turret

(HRET)

Date: March, 2012

Automated FOD DetectionWhy is the FAA Interested?

-Concorde crash preliminary report

“It has become clearer that this was a unique accident caused by a one-off chance of a piece of metal lying on the runway“.

Date: March, 2012

Automated FOD Detection

QinetiQ – Tarsier Radar, Providence, RI

Automated FOD DetectionXSight - FODetect

Tarsier Camera in operation

Example FOD finds by the QinetiQ

system

Stratech – Success Stories

Stratech – Tire

Automated FOD Detection

• Develop performance standards for Automated FOD Detection Systems.

• Published Technical Note documenting research.

• Developed FAA Advisory Circular 150/5220-24, Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Detection Equipment

National Airport Pavement Test Facility

Instrumented Test Track at the NAPTF, FAA Technical Center

http://www.faa.gov/airports/engineering/pavement_design/

NAPTF Test Vehicle

FAA Runway Safety Initiatives

Documents

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