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Expert Systems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
By the end of this topic you should be able to:
explain what is meant by an expert system
describe the components of an expert system
describe the applications of an expert system
EXPERT SYSTEMS
In everyday life:
EXPERT SYSTEMS
In everyday life: humans interpret information to gain
knowledge
EXPERT SYSTEMS
In everyday life: humans interpret information to gain
knowledge this knowledge is used as the basis for making
decisions
EXPERT SYSTEMS
In everyday life: humans interpret information to gain
knowledge this knowledge is used as the basis for making
decisions
An expert system is:
EXPERT SYSTEMS
In everyday life: humans interpret information to gain
knowledge this knowledge is used as the basis for making
decisions
An expert system is: a computer program, used to help with a decision
making process
EXPERT SYSTEMS
In everyday life: humans interpret information to gain
knowledge this knowledge is used as the basis for making
decisions
An expert system is: a computer program, used to help with a decision
making process
aka rules-based system, knowledge system
AN EXPERT SYSTEM IS:
AN EXPERT SYSTEM: Is a computer program Is made up of a set of rules Analyses information about a specific type of
problem. Tries to solve a problem in the same way as a
human expert has a narrow range of expertise gives answers to questions asks questions based on previous responses can show how it reached conclusions can learn from experience (heuristic)
Is based on probabilities, not certainties Based on research into Artificial Intelligence (AI)
EXPERT SYSTEM - DEFINITION
has three components:
EXPERT SYSTEM - 3 COMPONENTS
knowledge base set of rules consists of If...Then… rules e.g. IF it is raining THEN I need to take an umbrella
with me
EXPERT SYSTEM - 3 COMPONENTS
knowledge base set of rules consists of If...Then… rules e.g. IF it is raining THEN I need to take an umbrella
with me
inference engine evaluates data against the knowledge base to provide a conclusion
EXPERT SYSTEM - 3 COMPONENTS knowledge base
set of rules consists of If...Then… rules e.g. IF it is raining THEN I need to take an umbrella
with me
inference engine evaluates data against the knowledge base to provide a conclusion
user interface displays questions to be completed by the operator displays conclusions as output
EXAMPLES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS
EXAMPLES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS weather forecasting
EXAMPLES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS weather forecasting fault diagnosis
electrical goods, cars
EXAMPLES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS weather forecasting fault diagnosis
electrical goods, cars medical diagnosis
diagnose blood infections, identify tumours
EXAMPLES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS weather forecasting fault diagnosis
electrical goods, cars medical diagnosis
diagnose blood infections, identify tumours facial recognition
EXAMPLES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS weather forecasting fault diagnosis
electrical goods, cars medical diagnosis
diagnose blood infections, identify tumours facial recognition careers advice
EXAMPLES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS weather forecasting fault diagnosis
electrical goods, cars medical diagnosis
diagnose blood infections, identify tumours facial recognition careers advice credit scoring
identifying whether or not an individual should be granted credit
EXAMPLES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS weather forecasting fault diagnosis
electrical goods, cars medical diagnosis
diagnose blood infections, identify tumours facial recognition careers advice credit scoring
identifying whether or not an individual should be granted credit
financial planning what if we …..?”
ADVANTAGES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS Expert advice available all the time Knowledge of expert staff can be captured to
some extent before they move on. Can be used as a training aid to increase the
expertise of staff Makes rational decisions without any emotional
overhead Does not get tired or overworked. Efficient way of getting answers as it does not
involve additional help staff e.g. automated help systems
Natural language interface would make the expert system more human friendly
DISADVANTAGES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS Usually only covers a narrow range of knowledge A lot of effort and cost has to go into making a
good expert system Not as good as having human experts to hand. Most expert systems are menu driven which does
not deal very well with ambiguous problems. Advanced interfaces such as natural language
processing still has some way to go before they are truly effective.
Does not learn from mistakes unless user feedback and human maintenance is part of its ongoing development
Unlikely to come up with creative solutions
TASK – MIND MAP
Create a mind Map on expert systems, including the following information:
Three components of an expert system the advantages and disadvantages for a
given application Add images to support your information and
make it interesting for the reader!
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