Environmental Controls I/IG Lecture 10 Passive Thermal Systems

Environmental Controls I/IGEnvironmental Controls I/IG

Lecture 10Passive Thermal SystemsPassive Thermal Systems

Passive Thermal SystemsPassive Thermal Systems

Genius Loci + Microclimate +

Vernacular Precedent =

Architectural form as anenvironmental control system

Genius Loci

Environmental Forces Earth Wind Fire Water

Earth Contact Thermal massThermal mass Wind shelterWind shelter Solar exposureSolar exposure

Earthlike forms Thermal mass Wind shelter Solar “canyons”

Marriot LibrarySalt Lake City, Utah

Earth-based materials

Adobe, Brick, Stone Natural material

source Thermal mass Locally available Traditional and

modern uses

Earthscaping Natural materials Shelter/screening Locally available

Wind Tower Wind scoop Evaporative

cooling Thermal mass

cooling

Warm air rises Attic ventilation Solar chimneys

Fire Solar chimney

Morse-Libby Mansion Portland, Maine

Air movement affects comfort Cross ventilation

provides cooling

Solar Angles Summer &

Wintersolstices

Verdant and Autumnal equinoxes

Skin Surface Effects Color Reflectivity Position

Skin Thermal Mass Increasing thermal

mass delays heat penetration

Interior Solar Control Interior shading

reduces depth of solar penetration but still admits heat

Site Solar Control Evergreen trees

fairly constant Deciduous trees

vary seasonally

Exterior Solar Control Sheltered openings

(apertures)

Evapotranspiration Landscaping

elements provide moisture

Interior plantings can give off/trap moisture Use according to

local climate

Evaporative cooling Water features

add to evaporative cooling (but increase humidity)

Air directed over or through water can provide cooling Use according to

local climate

Microclimate

Fountain, recesses,and channeled breezes provide cooling

Building controls exposure to onshore winds

SF School of DesignSan Francisco, CA

MicroclimateEvaporative cooling Building exposed

to surrounding landscape

Pool, overhangs,and channeled breezes provide cooling

Taliesin WestPhoenix, AZ

Vernacular Precedents Drawn from Genius Loci Can be adapted to

contemporary design

Genius Loci + Microclimate +

Vernacular Precedent =

Architectural form as anenvironmental control system

Environmental Controls I/IG Lecture 10 Passive Thermal Systems

Documents

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