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Embryology of the Reproductive Organs
The entire process of sexual development depends on a
sequential series of interactions between regulatory factors and
genetic machinery.
Stages of Sexual Determination (Differentiation)
1. Chromosomal Determination
XX or XY
2. Gonadal Determination
Ovary or testes
3. Phenotypic determination
What do sex organs look like
1. Chromosomal DeterminationOvum
22 Autosomes
1 X chromosome
Sperm
22 Autosomes
1 X chromosome
or
1 Y chromosome
Zygote = 46 XX
or
46 XY
Cleavage
Blastocyst
Implantation
Formation of the Placenta
Primordial Germ Cells
3 Week Embryo
6 Weeks embryo
6 weeks
At Six Weeks
Primordial Germ Cells
Genital/GonadalRidge
TDF
Testes Determining Factor
TDF is a gene on the Y chromosome that converts the Gonadal/Genital ridge to a testes
Inside a testes you have:- Seminiferous tubules – Spermatogonia inside- Sertoli cells – Produces MIF (Mullerian inhibiting
Factor in embryo.- Interstitial cells – Produce Testosterone
Gonadal
Ridge
Mullerian Duct
Wolffian Duct
Gonadal Ridge
Mullerian Duct
Wolffian Duct
Epidydidimis
Vas deferens
Degenerating Mullerian Duct
Seminal Vesicle
Ovaries
Uterus
Fallopian Tubes
Upper Part of Vagina
Undifferentiated external
Genital tubercle
Genital foldGenital groove
Labioscrotal swelling
Undifferentiated external
Genital Tubercle
Genital Fold
Genital Groove
Labioscrotal Swelling
Undifferentiated Stage
Genital Tubercle
Genital Fold
Genital Groove
Labioscrotal Swelling
Genital Tubercle
Glans Penis
Genital Fold
Genital Groove
Labioscrotal Swelling
Penile Rafe
Urethra
Scrotal Sac
Genital Tubercle
Clitoris
Genital Fold
Labia Minor
Genital Groove
Labioscrotal Swelling
Labia Major
Vaginal and Urethral Opening
7 Months 8 Months
Transabdominal movement
Formation of the Inguinal Canal
Movement into scrotal sac
1. Gubernaculum
2. Phallus
3. Inguinal Canal
4. Testes
5. Abdominal cavity
6. Vas deferens
Masculanize the Wolffian Duct
Testosterone
Masculanize the external genitals
Masculanize the Brain
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