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ELF-Induced DNA Breaks
Henry Lai
Department of Bioengineering
University of Washington
Seattle, WA
USA
DNA Strand breaks
-single and double strand breaks-mis-repair cumulative-affect cell functions; can lead to
cancer and cell death
COMET ASSAY
DNA strand breaks have been reported in different cell types after ELF EMF exposure.
Ahuja (99)- human leukocytesDelimaris (06)- human lymphocytesHong (05)- mouse sperm cellsIvancsit (02, 05)- human fibroblasts and melanocytesIvancsit (03)-more pronounced effect observed in
fibroblasts of older subjects.Jajte (01)- rat lymphocytesLai and Singh (97, 04)- rat brain cellsLi (01)- E. coliSvedenstal (99)- mouse brain cellsWolf (05)- HL-60 and rat fibroblastsZmyslong (00, 04)- rat lymphocytes
ELF EMF affects DNA repair
Robison (02) HL-60 –decrease
Chow (00) – E. coli- increase- heat shock protein
Schmitz (04)- Mouse brain and kidney cells- increase
ELF EMF genotoxic effects involve free radicals
Effects blocked by free radical scavengers, enhanced by divalent metals, increase oxidative-damage in molecules
Jaite (01)Lai and Singh (97)Li (01)Lourencini (00)Yokus (05)Wolf (05)Zmyslong (00, 04)
Electromagnetic fields
iron
mitochondria
H2O2OH
Cellular damage
THE FENTON REACTION
Intensity and duration of exposure interact.
High intensity/short duration = Low intensity/long duration
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