ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING. 1729 ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS DISCOVERED

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

1729 ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS DISCOVERED

1745 DEVELOPMENT OF 1ST ELECTRICAL CAPACITOR

1837 THE FIRST ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH

1861 THE ELECTRIC OVEN INVENTED

WOOD

COMBINATION

ELECTRIC

1874 ELECTRIC LIGHT BULB INVENTED

1887 1ST ALTERNATING CURRENT NETWORK

1904 INVENTION OF THE DIODE

1929 1ST COHERENT THEORY ON SEMICONDUCTORS

1943 FIRST PROGRAMMABLE ELECTRONIC COMPUTER

1947 TRANSISTOR INVENTED

1971 1ST MICROPROCESSOR AND FIRST MICROCOMPUTER

The first computer my brother owned

1979 HANDHELD VIDEO GAMES AND CELL PHONES INVENTED

Electronic Quarterback was banned from my high school

Pong console

Show Pong

Bookmarked

Atari 2600 Console

Show asteroids

Bookmarked

1999 FIRST HARD-DRIVE MP3 PLAYER

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING RELATES BOTH ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS

ELECTRONIC VS ELECTRICAL

ELECTRONIC MADE WITH

SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL

USUALLY SILICON EXAMPLES-DIODES,

TRANSISTORS, RECTIFIERS, SUPRESSORS

ELECTRICAL MADE WITH

CONDUCTOR MATERIAL

METALS AND ALLOYS

EXAMPLES- WIRES, SWITCHES, FUSES

ALLOY A homogeneous mixture made by

fusing two or more metals, or a metal and a nonmetal

To obtain desirable qualities such as hardness, lightness, and strength

Brass is a mixture of zinc and copper

ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS ELECTRON FLOW

OCCURS FROM THE NEGATIVE TERMINAL (WHERE THERE IS AN EXCESS OF NEGATIVE ELECTRONS) TO THE POSITIVE TERMINAL (WHERE THERE IS A LACK OF ELECTRONS)

CONVENTIONAL CURRENT FLOWS FROM POSITIVE TERMINAL TO NEGATIVE TERMINAL

SYMBOLS FOR CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS

BATTERY

AC POWER SUPPLY

DIODE

LED

TRANSISTOR

SWITCH

RESISTOR

OTHER SYMBOLS PAGE 460 OBSERVATORY

DIRECT CURRENT UNIDIRECTIONAL FLOW OF ELECTRIC

CHARGE ELECTRONS MOVE CONTINUOUSLY IN

THE SAME DIRECTION

ALTERNATING CURRENT

ELECTRONS MOVE BACK AND FORTH IN A REGULAR PATTERN

VIBRATING MOTION OF ELECTRONS ALLOW CURRENT TO FLOW

POWER SUPPLY PROVIDES THE ENERGY THAT CAUSES

THE CURRENT TO FLOW THROUGH THE CIRCUIT

DISCUSS THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF EACH OF THE THREE POWER SUPPLIES

CONDUCTION, INSULATION AND PROTECTION

CONDUCTION Energy (eg. Electrical) transfer from one

material to another by direct contact.

Conductors are materials that allow transfer to happen. Examples of good conductors are copper, aluminum, silver and optical fibres.

Transition metals are good conductors of electricity and heat.

PRINTED CIRCUITS(EST/AST

ONLY) ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT PRINTED

ON A THIN RIGID BOARD

ONE METHOD HAS BOARDS COVERED WITH COPPER, THE CIRCUIT IS THEN ETCHED INTO THE COPPER AND THEN THE REST OF THE COPPER IS DISSOLVED AWAY LEAVING JUST THE CIRCUIT; ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS ARE THEN SOLDERED INTO HOLES DRILLED INTO THE BOARDS

MASS MANUFACTURING OF CIRCUIT BOARDS VIDEO http://video.google.ca/videosearch?

sourceid=navclient&rlz=1T4ADBS_enCA314CA314&q=printed%20circuits&um=1&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=iv&start=0#q=HOW+STUFF+WORKS+printed+circuits&hl=en&emb=0

INSULATION THE ELECTRICAL FUNCTION

PERFORMED BY A COMPONENT TO PREVENT THE FLOW OF AN ELECTRIC CURRENT

PREVENT INJURY AS WELL AS SHORT CIRCUITS

CERAMIC AND PLASTIC ARE GOOD INSULATORS

PROTECTION FUSES AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS ARE

EXAMPLES OF PROTECTION

PROTECTION IS A COMPONENT THAT STOPS THE FLOW OF CURRENT IN THE EVENT OF A POWER SURGE

ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE (EST/AST

ONLY)RESISTORS LIMIT THE FLOW OF ELECTRONS THROUGH AN ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

RESISTANCE IS MEASUREDC IN OHMS

READING A RESISTOR

ON 4 BANDS RESISTORS- THE 1ST TWO BANDS TELL YOU THE FIRST TWO DIGITS OF RESISTANCE (ex. RED=2; BLUE=6)

THE NEXT BAND TELLS YOU WHAT TO MULTIPLY THOSE NUMBERS BY (ex. RED=100)

LAST BAND IS TOLERANCE FACTOR (EX. GOLD= ±5%)

THEREFORE A RESISTOR WITH RED, BLUE, RED, GOLD WOULD HAVE RESISTANCE OF 2600 ohms ±5%

CONTROL

The function performed by a component that can open or close a circuit

switches and pushbuttons are examples of controls

SWITCHES (EST/AST

ONLY) SINGLE POLE SWITCH OPENS/CLOSES 1 CONTACT AT A TIME

DOUBLE POLE CAN OPEN/CLOSE TWO CONTACTS AT ONCE

ELECTRONS FOLLOW 1 PATH IN SINGLE THROW SWITCH

DOUBLE THROW ALLOWS ELECTRONS TO FOLLOW 1 OF 2 PATHS

P470

SWITCHES (EST/AST ONLY)ROCKER

SWITCH

TOGGLE SWITCH

PUSH BUTTON

MAGNETIC CONTACT

ENERGY TRANSFORMATION(ST/EST/AST

ONLY)CHANGE OF ONE FORM OF ENERGY TO ANOTHER FORM OF ENERGY

(ST/EST/AST ONLY) EXAMPLES OF ELECTRICAL

COMPONENTS USED TO TRANSFORM ELECTRICITY

INCANDESCENT BULBS- NEW FORM-LUMINOUS ENERGY

HEATING ELEMENT- NEW FORM- THERMAL ENERGY

PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS- NEW FORM – MECHANICAL OR SOUND ENERGY

ELECTROMAGNETS – NEW FORM OF ENERGY – MAGNETIC ENERGY

COMPONENTS WITH OTHER

FUNCTIONS (EST/AST ONLY)

CAPACITORSDIODESTRANSISTORS (AST ONLY)RELAYS (AST ONLY)

CAPACITORS CAN STORE ELECTRICAL CHARGE COMPOSED OF TWO ELECTRICAL

SURFACES SEPARATED BY AN INSULATOR (BLOCKS THE FLOW OF ELECTRONS)

CHARGE BUILDS UP ON ONE PLATE, INSULATOR IS REMOVED AND CHARGE IS RELEASED ALMOST INSTANTLY

CAPACITOR CHARGE FROM CAMERA

BATTERY BUILDS UP UNTIL BUTTON IS PRESSED

FULL CHARGE

IS RELEASED IN

THE FLASH

DIODE ALLOWS ELECTRIC CURRENT

TO FLOW IN ONE DIRECTION MADE OF SEMICONDUCTOR PROTECTS ELECTRONIC

PARTS FROM HAVING ELECTRONS FLOW IN THE WRONG DIRECTION

DIODE USED TO CONVERT AC TO DC

LED’S ARE ‘LIGHT EMITTING DIODES’ THAT GIVE OFF LIGHT WHEN CURRENT FLOWS THROUGH THEM

TRANSISTORS (AST ONLY)BLOCK OR AMPLIFY AN

ELECTRIC CURRENT

TRANSISTORS (AST ONLY) CURRENT FLOWS FROM

COLLECTOR TO EMITTER TO BASE BASE ACTS LIKE A VALVE THAT

ALLOWS CURRENT TO FLOW FREELY; BLOCK FLOW OR ALLOW SOMEWHERE IN BETWEEN

CONNECTION BETWEEN TRANSISTORS AND COMPUTERS P477 OF OBSERVATORY

RELAYS (AST ONLY) A RELAY OPENS OR CLOSES A

CIRCUIT USING AN ELECTRICAL SIGNAL FROM ANOTHER CIRCUIT (THINK RELAY RACE-PASSING ON)

RELAYS (AST ONLY) COMMONLY USED TO CONTROL HIGH

VOLTAGE CIRCUITS FROM A REMOTE DISTANCE

LIGHTING IN A THEATRE, HIGH VOLTAGE APPLIANCES (X-RAY MACHINE)