Electrical Characteristics CuFe2 4 Ceramics With and Without...

Additive of Al O B

XRD profiles

of CuFe2O4

based-ceramics

Electrical Characteristics CuFe2O4 Ceramics With and WithoutAl2O3 for Negative Thermal Coefficient (NTC) Thermistor

Wiendartun1), Dani Gustaman Syarif2), Arief Permadi1)

1) Jurusan Fisika FMIPA UPI, Jl.Dr Setiabudhi 229 Bandung, email: wien@upi.edu2) PTNBR BATAN, Jl.Tamansari 71 Bandung; email: danigusta@yahoo.com

THERMISTOR Thermally Sensitive Resistor.

INTRODUCTION

NTC CHARACTERISTIC

PRODUCT EXAMPLES

Current limiter thermistor

Specialize Thermistor

APPLICATIONS

Incubator

Computer

No.No. CuOCuO FeFe22OO33 AlAl22OO33

1.1.2.2.3.3.

404040404040

606059595555

001155

SAMPLE COMPOSITION IN MOLE % TABLE

R = R0. Exp.(B/T) Ea = B.k

α = - B/T2

R = Thermistor resistanceR0 = Resistance at the infinite temperatureB = Thermistor constantT = Temperature of thermistorEa = Activation energyk = The Boltzmann constantα = Sensitivity of thermistor

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTIC

IMPORTANT ELECTRONIC COMPONENT•Sectors : Biomedical, aerospace, instrumentation, communications, automotive and HVACR (Heating, Ventilation, Air conditioning and Refrigeration).

RESULT (XRD)

RESULT (ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTIC)

No.Additive of Al2O3

(mol %)B

(oK)

(%/oK)

1.2.3.

015

286232083958

3.223.614.46

CuO Fe3O4 SiO2

MIXING

CALCINATION

CRUSHING

800 °C/2 h

PRESSINGCHARACTERIZATION XRD ElectricalMicrostructural

3, 9 ton/Cm2

SINTERING1100 ºC/2 h

Sintering Furnace

XRD

Optical Microscope

0.0026 0.0027 0.0028 0.0029 0.0030 0.0031 0.0032 0.0033

4.04.24.44.64.85.05.25.45.65.86.06.26.46.66.8

CuFe2O

4 + 0% Al

2O

3

CuFe2O4 + 1% Al2O3

CuFe2O

4 + 5% Al

2O

3

Ln

resi

stiv

itas

1/T (K-1)

All CuFe2O4 base-ceramic crystallized in tetragonal structure. Thermistor constant (B) and sensitivity (a) of the CuFe2O4 base- ceramics

increase with the increase of Al2O3 concentration. This means that the additionof Al2O3 can be used as a controlling parameter. However, the addition of Al2O3 decreases the electrical stability of the

CuFe2O4 base-ceramics. Only sample without Al2O3 and that added with 1mole % Al2O3 fit the electrical stability condition.

Heating at 150oC for 200 hours can be used to make CuFe2O4 base-ceramicstable electrically.

BetaTHERM Sensors [on line]. Available: http://www.betatherm.com.

E.S. Na, U.G. Paik, S.C.Choi, “The effect of a sintered microstructure on the electrical properties of a Mn-Co-Ni-O thermistor”, Journal of Ceramic Processing Research, Vol.2, No. 1, pp 31-34, 2001.

K. PARK, I.H. HAN, “Effect of Al2O3 addition on the microstructure and electrical properties of (Mn0,37Ni0,3Co0,33-xAlx)O4(0 x 0.03) NTC thermistors”, Materials Science and Engineering, B119, pp. 55-60, 2005.

Wiendartun, D. G. Syarif, The Effect of TiO2 Addition on the Characteristics of CuFe2O4 Ceramics for NTC Thermistors, International Conference on Mathematics and Natural Sciences (ICMNS) 2006, ITB, Bandung, October 2006.

The authors wish to acknowledge their deep gratitude to DIKTI, Department of National Education of Indonesian Government for financial support under Hibah PEKERTI program with contract No.014/SPP/PP/DP2M/II/2006 April 24, 2006

1•Sectors : Biomedical, aerospace, instrumentation, communications, automotive and HVACR (Heating, Ventilation, Air conditioning and Refrigeration).

2• Application: Temperature sensor, electric current limiter, flowrate meter and

pressure sensor.

3• Most, thermistors are produced from spinel ceramics based on transition metal

oxides forming general formula AB2O4

4• Predicted that the Al2O3 addition can improve the characteristics of the CuFe2O4 .

ceramic for NTC thermistors.

EXPERIMENT

T(0C)

t (minute)

500C

30’25’

HEAT TREATMENT

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEGMENT

The relation between ln Electrical Resistivity and 1/T Electrical resistance as function of time as the result of ageing test

Additive of Al O B

XRD profiles

of CuFe2O4

based-ceramics

Electrical Characteristics CuFe2O4 Ceramics With and WithoutAl2O3 for Negative Thermal Coefficient (NTC) Thermistor

Wiendartun1), Dani Gustaman Syarif2), Arief Permadi1)

1) Jurusan Fisika FMIPA UPI, Jl.Dr Setiabudhi 229 Bandung, email: wien@upi.edu2) PTNBR BATAN, Jl.Tamansari 71 Bandung; email: danigusta@yahoo.com

THERMISTOR Thermally Sensitive Resistor.

INTRODUCTION

NTC CHARACTERISTIC

PRODUCT EXAMPLES

Current limiter thermistor

Specialize Thermistor

APPLICATIONS

Incubator

Computer

No.No. CuOCuO FeFe22OO33 AlAl22OO33

1.1.2.2.3.3.

404040404040

606059595555

001155

SAMPLE COMPOSITION IN MOLE % TABLE

R = R0. Exp.(B/T) Ea = B.k

α = - B/T2

R = Thermistor resistanceR0 = Resistance at the infinite temperatureB = Thermistor constantT = Temperature of thermistorEa = Activation energyk = The Boltzmann constantα = Sensitivity of thermistor

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTIC

IMPORTANT ELECTRONIC COMPONENT•Sectors : Biomedical, aerospace, instrumentation, communications, automotive and HVACR (Heating, Ventilation, Air conditioning and Refrigeration).

RESULT (XRD)

RESULT (ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTIC)

No.Additive of Al2O3

(mol %)B

(oK)

(%/oK)

1.2.3.

015

286232083958

3.223.614.46

CuO Fe3O4 SiO2

MIXING

CALCINATION

CRUSHING

800 °C/2 h

PRESSINGCHARACTERIZATION XRD ElectricalMicrostructural

3, 9 ton/Cm2

SINTERING1100 ºC/2 h

Sintering Furnace

XRD

Optical Microscope

0.0026 0.0027 0.0028 0.0029 0.0030 0.0031 0.0032 0.0033

4.04.24.44.64.85.05.25.45.65.86.06.26.46.66.8

CuFe2O

4 + 0% Al

2O

3

CuFe2O4 + 1% Al2O3

CuFe2O

4 + 5% Al

2O

3

Ln

resi

stiv

itas

1/T (K-1)

All CuFe2O4 base-ceramic crystallized in tetragonal structure. Thermistor constant (B) and sensitivity (a) of the CuFe2O4 base- ceramics

increase with the increase of Al2O3 concentration. This means that the additionof Al2O3 can be used as a controlling parameter. However, the addition of Al2O3 decreases the electrical stability of the

CuFe2O4 base-ceramics. Only sample without Al2O3 and that added with 1mole % Al2O3 fit the electrical stability condition.

Heating at 150oC for 200 hours can be used to make CuFe2O4 base-ceramicstable electrically.

BetaTHERM Sensors [on line]. Available: http://www.betatherm.com.

E.S. Na, U.G. Paik, S.C.Choi, “The effect of a sintered microstructure on the electrical properties of a Mn-Co-Ni-O thermistor”, Journal of Ceramic Processing Research, Vol.2, No. 1, pp 31-34, 2001.

K. PARK, I.H. HAN, “Effect of Al2O3 addition on the microstructure and electrical properties of (Mn0,37Ni0,3Co0,33-xAlx)O4(0 x 0.03) NTC thermistors”, Materials Science and Engineering, B119, pp. 55-60, 2005.

Wiendartun, D. G. Syarif, The Effect of TiO2 Addition on the Characteristics of CuFe2O4 Ceramics for NTC Thermistors, International Conference on Mathematics and Natural Sciences (ICMNS) 2006, ITB, Bandung, October 2006.

The authors wish to acknowledge their deep gratitude to DIKTI, Department of National Education of Indonesian Government for financial support under Hibah PEKERTI program with contract No.014/SPP/PP/DP2M/II/2006 April 24, 2006

1•Sectors : Biomedical, aerospace, instrumentation, communications, automotive and HVACR (Heating, Ventilation, Air conditioning and Refrigeration).

2• Application: Temperature sensor, electric current limiter, flowrate meter and

pressure sensor.

3• Most, thermistors are produced from spinel ceramics based on transition metal

oxides forming general formula AB2O4

4• Predicted that the Al2O3 addition can improve the characteristics of the CuFe2O4 .

ceramic for NTC thermistors.

EXPERIMENT

T(0C)

t (minute)

500C

30’25’

HEAT TREATMENT

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEGMENT

The relation between ln Electrical Resistivity and 1/T Electrical resistance as function of time as the result of ageing test

Additive of Al O B

XRD profiles

of CuFe2O4

based-ceramics

Electrical Characteristics CuFe2O4 Ceramics With and WithoutAl2O3 for Negative Thermal Coefficient (NTC) Thermistor

Wiendartun1), Dani Gustaman Syarif2), Arief Permadi1)

1) Jurusan Fisika FMIPA UPI, Jl.Dr Setiabudhi 229 Bandung, email: wien@upi.edu2) PTNBR BATAN, Jl.Tamansari 71 Bandung; email: danigusta@yahoo.com

THERMISTOR Thermally Sensitive Resistor.

INTRODUCTION

NTC CHARACTERISTIC

PRODUCT EXAMPLES

Current limiter thermistor

Specialize Thermistor

APPLICATIONS

Incubator

Computer

No.No. CuOCuO FeFe22OO33 AlAl22OO33

1.1.2.2.3.3.

404040404040

606059595555

001155

SAMPLE COMPOSITION IN MOLE % TABLE

R = R0. Exp.(B/T) Ea = B.k

α = - B/T2

R = Thermistor resistanceR0 = Resistance at the infinite temperatureB = Thermistor constantT = Temperature of thermistorEa = Activation energyk = The Boltzmann constantα = Sensitivity of thermistor

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTIC

IMPORTANT ELECTRONIC COMPONENT•Sectors : Biomedical, aerospace, instrumentation, communications, automotive and HVACR (Heating, Ventilation, Air conditioning and Refrigeration).

RESULT (XRD)

RESULT (ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTIC)

No.Additive of Al2O3

(mol %)B

(oK)

(%/oK)

1.2.3.

015

286232083958

3.223.614.46

CuO Fe3O4 SiO2

MIXING

CALCINATION

CRUSHING

800 °C/2 h

PRESSINGCHARACTERIZATION XRD ElectricalMicrostructural

3, 9 ton/Cm2

SINTERING1100 ºC/2 h

Sintering Furnace

XRD

Optical Microscope

0.0026 0.0027 0.0028 0.0029 0.0030 0.0031 0.0032 0.0033

4.04.24.44.64.85.05.25.45.65.86.06.26.46.66.8

CuFe2O

4 + 0% Al

2O

3

CuFe2O4 + 1% Al2O3

CuFe2O

4 + 5% Al

2O

3

Ln

resi

stiv

itas

1/T (K-1)

All CuFe2O4 base-ceramic crystallized in tetragonal structure. Thermistor constant (B) and sensitivity (a) of the CuFe2O4 base- ceramics

increase with the increase of Al2O3 concentration. This means that the additionof Al2O3 can be used as a controlling parameter. However, the addition of Al2O3 decreases the electrical stability of the

CuFe2O4 base-ceramics. Only sample without Al2O3 and that added with 1mole % Al2O3 fit the electrical stability condition.

Heating at 150oC for 200 hours can be used to make CuFe2O4 base-ceramicstable electrically.

BetaTHERM Sensors [on line]. Available: http://www.betatherm.com.

E.S. Na, U.G. Paik, S.C.Choi, “The effect of a sintered microstructure on the electrical properties of a Mn-Co-Ni-O thermistor”, Journal of Ceramic Processing Research, Vol.2, No. 1, pp 31-34, 2001.

K. PARK, I.H. HAN, “Effect of Al2O3 addition on the microstructure and electrical properties of (Mn0,37Ni0,3Co0,33-xAlx)O4(0 x 0.03) NTC thermistors”, Materials Science and Engineering, B119, pp. 55-60, 2005.

Wiendartun, D. G. Syarif, The Effect of TiO2 Addition on the Characteristics of CuFe2O4 Ceramics for NTC Thermistors, International Conference on Mathematics and Natural Sciences (ICMNS) 2006, ITB, Bandung, October 2006.

The authors wish to acknowledge their deep gratitude to DIKTI, Department of National Education of Indonesian Government for financial support under Hibah PEKERTI program with contract No.014/SPP/PP/DP2M/II/2006 April 24, 2006

1•Sectors : Biomedical, aerospace, instrumentation, communications, automotive and HVACR (Heating, Ventilation, Air conditioning and Refrigeration).

2• Application: Temperature sensor, electric current limiter, flowrate meter and

pressure sensor.

3• Most, thermistors are produced from spinel ceramics based on transition metal

oxides forming general formula AB2O4

4• Predicted that the Al2O3 addition can improve the characteristics of the CuFe2O4 .

ceramic for NTC thermistors.

EXPERIMENT

T(0C)

t (minute)

500C

30’25’

HEAT TREATMENT

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEGMENT

The relation between ln Electrical Resistivity and 1/T Electrical resistance as function of time as the result of ageing test