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Mapping of the Egyptian NGO sector: with a special focus on youth-led NGOs and efforts in this field. Ehaab Abdou Chairperson Nahdet El Mahrousa Federation of Egyptian Youth NGOs Namaa Summer School 3 July 2007. Outline. Introduction 1. Egypt Development Scene: Institutional Map - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Mapping of the Egyptian NGO sector:with a special focus on youth-led NGOs and efforts in this field
Ehaab AbdouChairpersonNahdet El MahrousaFederation of Egyptian Youth NGOs
Namaa Summer School3 July 2007
Outline
Introduction 1. Egypt Development Scene: Institutional Map 2. Overview of the youth-led civil society Conclusions & reflections
1. Egypt Development Scene: Institutional Map
Government Business
NGOs/ Civil Society
Egypt Development Map: Actors and Relationships
Syndicates/Political parties
Technical Assistance organizations
Development Companies
Religious institutions
Government institutions
(ministries) includes Media
Private sector (CSR programs)
Educational/research institutions
Financiers of Development
(donors, private sector, etc)
NGOs/CSOs(non-profit)
Strong, continuous & necessary relationship
Not necessarily present or continuous
One-by-one: Actors & Relationships
Egypt Development Map: Government Institutions
Syndicates/Political parties
Technical Assistance organizations
Development Companies
Religious institutions
Government Institutions
(ministries) includes Media
Private sector (CSR programs)
Educational/research institutions
Financiers of Development
(donors, private sector, etc)
NGOs/CSOs(non-profit)
Strong, continuous & necessary relationship
Relatively weak & not necessarily present
Government institutions1. Regulatory and Supervisory:
• Ministry of Social Solidarity (formerly MISA)• National Federation of NGOs
• Ministry of International Cooperation (ultimate umbrella for foreign aid to Egypt)• Ministry of Foreign Affairs (registration required for some international organizations
like Islamic Relief, etc)• Sector-specific: e.g. National Youth Council
2. Executive role: • Ministry of Industry –e.g. EU-funded “Industrial Modernization Program”• Ministry of Education – e.g. Education Reform projects (USAID/EU)• Ministry of local communities development
Combining both roles:• Generally: Ministry of Awaqf • Sector-specific: e.g. National Council for Women
Mass Media
Newspapers: No Civil Society specialized pages Attempt by Al-Ahram in Economic supplement
TV: Subject-specific awareness campaigns:
Agricultural extension work “serr el ard” Female Genital Mutilation Bilharzias
Few Development and success model-related programs: Nile Culture Channel
Egypt Development Map: NGOs/CSOs
Syndicates/Political parties
Technical Assistance organizations
Development Companies
Religious institutions
Government institutions
(ministries) includes Media
Private sector (CSR programs)
Educational/research institutions
Financiers of Development
(donors, private sector, etc)
NGOs/CSOs(not-for-profit)
Strong, continuous & necessary relationship
Not necessarily present or continuous
Types of NGOs – by Geography Local NGOs
Local community- (Community Development Association) or nation-wide
Management: Old and Modern styles Volunteers vs professionals on payroll
Umbrella federations (regional or by sector) International NGOs
COSPE, CARE, CRS, IBLF, Red Cross, ICA, Suzanne Mubarak Women Movement for International Peace, etc
Regional NGOs ABC – Arab Business Council, Young Arab Leaders, ERF,
Arab Reform Forum (Library of Alexandria)
Area of work of NGOs
Charity Socio-economic development Networking Advocacy and awareness building What else?
NGO vs. Foundation
Law 84 makes provisions for that with subtle differences Grants-making Fields of work/operation General assembly Minimum start-up capital Number of founders, etc
Egypt Development Map: Development Companies
Syndicates/Political parties
Technical Assistance organizations
Development Companies
Religious institutions
Government institutions
(ministries) includes Media
Private sector (CSR programs)
Educational/research institutions
Financiers of Development
(donors, private sector, etc)
NGOs/CSOs(non-profit)
Strong, continuous & necessary relationship
Relatively weak & not necessarily present
Development Companies
For-profit private sector consulting companies: Local:
E.g.: EQI, CID, etc International (mainly: US and Europe HQ)
E.g.: DAI, Chemonix Int’l, RTI, etc
Egypt Development Map: Financiers
Syndicates/Political parties
Technical Assistance organizations
Development Companies
Religious institutions
Government institutions
(ministries) includes Media
Private sector (CSR programs)
Educational/research institutions
Financers of Development
(donors, private sector, etc)
NGOs/CSOs(non-profit)
Strong, continuous & necessary relationship
Relatively weak & not necessarily present
Financiers of development: 1. Individual giving very large amounts mostly to charity vs. development
(CDS/Ford Study)
Financiers of development:2. International Donor Assistance organizations: Bilateral (to gov’t and NGOs):
USAID, DANIDA, JICA, etc In cases, separate technical assistance and financing arms (KfW & GTZ or JICA and Japanese
Embassy NGO prog)
Multilateral (mostly to gov’t): World Bank African Development Bank (AfDB) Islamic Development Bank International Monetary Fund (also along with WB referred to as Bretton Woods institutions) European Union Social Fund for Development (initial seed money international) UN:
coordinating role/TA and minimal funding) includes (WHO, FAO, ILO, UNDP, etc Arab and Islamic Development Assistance:
Arab Fund Social and Economic Development, BADEA, etc) Arab League (coordinating role/TA and minimal funding) Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI)
Recent development
Note: Better Coordination hoped through Donor Assistance Group (DAG) On-going Assistance (could stop for different reasons), one-time amount (Egyptian-Swiss
Fund for Debt Swap)
Financers of development3. Foundations/Funds:
International Family foundations: Ford Foundation, Soros/OSI, Aga Khan Foundation
International and foundations/Funds : E.g.: German Foundations: Friedrich Nauman, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung ,
(affiliated to certain political parties/movements like Greens) Rotary Ashoka Foundation – business approach to development and social
entrepreneurship Egyptian-American Community Fund (New trends) The Egyptian Al-Amal Project (New trends)
Regional foundations: E.g.: El Mawred for arts and culture Safar Fund Naseej Fund (both with initial Ford Foundation funds)
Local Family foundations: E.g.: Sawiris, El Sewedy, Farid Khamees,
Egypt Development Map: Private Sector
Syndicates/Political parties
Technical Assistance organizations
Development Companies
Religious institutions
Government institutions
(ministries) includes Media
Private sector (CSR programs)
Educational/research institutions
Financiers of Development
(donors, private sector, etc)
NGOs/CSOs(non-profit)
Strong, continuous & necessary relationship
Relatively weak & not necessarily present
Types of Private sector involvement:Option 1: PR budget item:
Out of Public Relations budget line item (in-kind, or financial donations) – e.g. Nestle
Option 2: In-house programs:
Special Corporate “giving” programs: Support to NGOs and charity activities
Company-managed development programs:
Scholarships Intilaqah for SMEs (Shell Egypt) Business plan competition (AAIB) Education initiative (Microsoft), IT Clubs (Intel) CSR manager at least in place
Corporate volunteerism: Injaz- Save the Children One-day activities by staff: orphanages, etc
Option 3: Corporate Foundations:
E.g.: Vodafone foundation (as a separate legal entity) AAIB (We Owe It To Egypt Foundation)
Egypt Development landscape:Technical Assist. Organizations
Syndicates/Political parties
Technical Assistance organizations
Development Companies
Religious institutions
Government institutions
(ministries) includes Media
Private sector (CSR programs)
Educational/research institutions
Financiers of Development
(donors, private sector, etc)
NGOs/CSOs(non-profit)
Strong continuous & necessary relationship
Relatively weak & not necessarily present
Technical Assistance organizations Training and Capacity Building:
E.g.: Egyptian NGO Center (NGO Service Center formerly) Gerhart Center for Philanthropy and Civic Engagement- AUC
– esp. philanthropists to organize their giving
Volunteer Mobilization: E.g.: Egyptian Volunteer Center – YAPD www.yapd.org.eg
Networking and information access: UNDP umbrella support: Community development portals:
Kenanaonline www.kenanaonline.com , fekr zad, etc InfoMall: www.arabinfomall.com Center for Development Services:
2nd largest development library after USAID- open to public Important role in arabizing concepts like PRA translations, etc
Egypt Development Map:Educational/Research Institut.
Syndicates/Political parties
Technical Assistance organizations
Development Companies
Religious institutions
Government institutions
(ministries) includes Media
Private sector (CSR programs)
Educational/research institutions
Financiers of Development
(donors, private sector, etc)
NGOs/CSOs(non-profit)
Strong, continuous & necessary relationship
Relatively weak & not necessarily present
Educational/Research institutions Think tanks and research centers:
University-based Independent (Egyptian Economic , Economic Research Forum, Semi-governmental: Al-Ahram Strategic Center for, IDSC Future Studies Center
Degrees: Masters AUC- Professional Development Cairo University: Diploma NGO Management, Diploma Civil Society
Universities: Cairo University:
FEPS: Civil society Diploma Helwan Univ – SME Support Ain Shams- Environmental products, etc AUC – Office of Student Development- Service Learning Program Canadian International College
Research: FEPS- Center for Political Research and Studies (Civil Society training, etc) Social research center- AUC
Student-activities beyond campuses: AUC - Alashanek ya Balady C.U.- Resala
Student development activities: Conference and International Organization Models Faculty of Engineering (STEP, Ishraq, etc)
Egypt Development Map: Syndicates/Political parties
Syndicates/Political parties
Technical Assistance organizations
Development Companies
Religious institutions
Government institutions
(ministries) includes Media
Private sector (CSR programs)
Educational/research institutions
Financiers of Development
(donors, private sector, etc)
NGOs/CSOs(non-profit)
Strong, continuous & necessary relationship
Not necessarily present or continuous
Syndicates and Political Parties Political Parties:
Minimal Syndicates:
Advocacy Charity-members support Religious services
Other roles?
Egypt Development Map: Religious Institutions
Syndicates/Political parties
Technical Assistance organizations
Development Companies
Religious institutions
Government institutions
(ministries) includes Media
Private sector (CSR programs)
Educational/research institutions
Financers of Development
(donors, private sector, etc)
NGOs/CSOs(non-profit)
Strong, continuous & necessary relationship
Not necessarily present or continuous
Religious institutions
Very influential and inspiring to charity recent trend towards development e.g. Sona’ El
Hayah (Amr Khaled) Mostly charity, few development activities:
Zakat committees in Mosques Sunday Schools in Churches
Note: Development Initiatives use religious institutions
to spread awareness and development messages
2. Overview of the Egyptian youth-led civil society
background
Definition (youth-led) NGOs not the whole civil society (so no AGEG!). so
this might neglect a lot of efforts A very small percentage of Egyptian youth affiliated
to any of those NGOs vs. movements like Muslim Brotherhood or NDP, for obvious reasons.
Very difficult to lump and use a terminology like “youth NGOs”
It is not in comparison to other sectors. May be other sectors like affluent women and businessmen too are rising.
Recent trends 1990s-today:
Local NGOs: Starting especially late 1990s and early 2000 there have been several youth NGOs setting up: Fat’het Kheir, Meshwar, EYBA, EBF, etc..
Global NGOs taking roots locally: Rotaract (as part of Rotary), AIESEC, LIONS, etc. Recently,
YES, TakingITGlobal, Pioneers of Change. Studies interest:
Trend: Recently several studies commissioned by Population Council, Ford Foundation on studying youth NGOs.
Interest to gather them and know more: Recently, Goethe and Swedish Institute of Alex working on
youth-policy and research conferences this summer.
Various formats
Management: Very different in funding and policies also: EJB a full paid structure vs FK volunteer-based with minimal management structure.
Funding: FK being totally locally funded vs. EBF CIPE USAID vs YAPD from Ministry of Youth, etc.
Mapping of active youth-led civil society work in Egypt (first draft)
الهدف الرئيسى
لألعضاء تشبيكوبعض مشروعات
وتنموية خيرية
نشاطخيرى بدافع) دينى(
تنمية أقتصادية وأجتماعية وتوعية
التأييد حشدوالسياسات
أهتمامات أخرى
(AGTBE) جمعية الخريجين المصريين الجامعات من البريطانيةرابطات خريجى المدارسو الجامعات
(EJB) جمعيةاألعمال شباب
خير فاتحة
روتاراكت وروتارى– LIONS
رسالة لألعم
ال الخيرية
جمعية الشباب للسكان والتنمية
EJB جمعية شباب األعمال
الحملة المصرية لمناهضة العولمةAnti-Globalization Egypt (AGEG)
Sahara Safarists
PTP (Pen Temple Pilots)
Egypt Photography
Taking IT Global Egypt
صناع جمعيةالحياة
EYBA جمعيةشباب المصرفيين
بلدى يا علشانك
Univ-based: SIFE, STEP, AIESEC
أهدافه وأهم الشاب المدنى المجتمعونشاطاته
جمعية مشوار لتنمية المجتمع
جمعيات الكنائس وجمعيات الشبان المسلمين أو المسيحيي
وغيرها ن
جمعية شباب الحالمون بالغد
Main areas of work Members’ Networking (and some social work) Charity (religious-driven) Charity (non-religious driven) Cultural dialogue and exchanges (AIESEC, DNB,
Waseela-Euro-med programs) Socio/economic development, awareness, civic
engagement Policy reform and advocacy Special Interests Human Rights Student serving or charity university-based groups
Reflections & conclusions
From this analysis and with all those institutions, what would you say the key missing component(s) necessary for Egypt’s development are? More of what? Less of what? Continuing of what? The relationships? Are there missing organizations/institutions? Are all actors as involved as each other? How is the power structure designed? Is there a fair sharing of power? Is there enough of all actors? Which do you think are the institutions that can lead the way
towards development? Again: what or who is missing in the Map?
3. Trends in youth development efforts
الفرصوالمؤشرات االيجابية االيجابية بالمساهمة واهتمام عامة الشباب وعى فى زيادة
بداية منذ شباب أسسها التى الجمعيات عدد فى 1990زيادة
: مثل مبادرات خالل من أفضل تنسيق الشباب لجمعيات النوعى االتحاد
: الحكومات من االهتمام زيادة للشباب الوطنية واالستراتيجيات السياسات ) للشباب القومى المجلس للشباب قومية ووزارات مجالس انشاء
( مصر فى
من والدعم Tاالهتمام زيادةهيئات غيرحكومية مؤسسات
إقليميا مؤسسات:: دولية االسكندرية مكتبة مؤسسةAnna Lindh( العربى ( الشباب تمكين مشروع العربية الدول جامعة الشابة العربية YAL القيادات
:اتTمشروعSave The Children
العربى الشباب لتبادل سفر صندوق نسيج صندوق مشروعSiraj with USAID
التحديات الجمعيات ( : المعوقاتأهم فى العر1بى الشباب دراسة
- - األردن،: فريد أمين عبير والمعوقات الفرص االهلية( ومصر لبنان فلسطين، سوريا، -البحر1ين،
بنسبة ومستلز1ماته المقر توافر %25عدم 1القانونية السبل معرفة %21عدم الالزم المؤسسى التمويل توافر %21عدم - لالدارة المطلوبة الفنية المهارات توافر %12عدم
: هامة ملحوظة11% المجتمع فى المنخرط الشباب1 من فقط
االجتماعى االقتصادى للمستوى ينتمى المدنىالمنخفض
أخرى تحديات
االستدامة فكر وجود عدم االحتراف وعدم الهواية المهمش للشباب تصل ال المبادرات معظم
والفقير
الشباب تنمية خارطة
للشباب القومى المجلس
تمويلية مؤسسات( مؤسساتها و المتحدة األمم
المانحة الجهاتاألعمال قطاع
( االجتماععية المسئولية (برامج
الشباب لتنمية جمعياتشباب يقودها
الشباب لتنمية جمعياتشباب يقودها أخرى ال وزارات
( الصناعة ( تحديث مركز الصناعة وزارةالتعليم وزارة
العاملة القوى وزارة
االعالم( صحافة راديو، تلفزيون، (برامج
للشباب سياسات لوضع جهود
للشباب وطنية :استراتيجية
عربىhttp://www.ndp.org.eg/ar/conferances/2nd_co
nf/papers/youth.aspx
Draft National Youth Policy: English:http://
www.ndp.org.eg/en/Policies/NationalYouthPolicy.aspx
Thank you!
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