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Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and Words by Learners of Chinese with
Varying Proficiency in Different Learning Environments
Jing Wang & Robert B. Harris
Abstract
1 Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1 Background Variables
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
2.2 Strategies for Learning Characters and Words
2.2.1 Frequently used strategies
2.2.2 Perceptions of effective learning strategies
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
2.3 Vocabulary Knowledge
2.3.1 Evaluation of English vocabulary knowledge
2.3.2 Evaluation of Chinese vocabulary knowledge
2.3.3 Variables influencing vocabulary knowledge for CFL learners
2.4 Research Question
3. Materials and Methods
3.1 Instruments
3.1.1 Background informationz
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
3.1.2 Questionnaire
3.1.3 Vocabulary test
ǒ ǐǐ
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
3.1.4 Vocabulary checklist
3.1.5 Summary of all the instruments
3.2 Participants
3.3 Data Analyses
3.3.1 Previous methods
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
3.3.2 Analyses
4. Results
4.1 Vocabulary Test
4.2 Principal Component Analysis of the Questionnaire
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
4.2.1 Reliability
4.2.2 Six strategy categories
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
4.3 Prediction
4.3.1 Predicting vocabulary knowledge by strategy categories
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
4.3.2 Predicting vocabulary knowledge by individual questionnaire items
5 Discussion
5.1 Focusing on Orthography
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
5.2 Frequent Meaningful Interaction with Characters and Words
5.3 Learning Characters and Words in Context
5.4 Looking up Unknown Characters
5.5 Conventional Ways of Learning Characters and Words
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
5.6 Focusing on Character Pronunciation
5.7 Pinyin
nyin.
6 Conclusion
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
Acknowledgements
References
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
Appendix A. Background Questions and Questionnaire for Chinese Character and Word Recognition
Background Questions
Questionnaire
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
. Vocabulary Test
without
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Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
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21. ____
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22. ____
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23. ,____
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24.____A.B.C.D.E.
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26. ____
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27. ____
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28. ____A.B.C.D.E.
Effective Learning Strategies for the Recognition of Characters and words
29.____
A.B.C.D.E.
30.____
A.B.C.D.E.
Appendix C. A Checklist of Vocabulary Knowledge
Set One Set Two Set Three Set Four
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