View
231
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
1/17
DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
School of Electronic Engineering
EE535
Wind Turbine
!"rti"l Lecture Note
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
2/17
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
3/17
$itor%
Wind /"chine (ere ued in !eri" " e"rl% " &00 B*C*
Thi t%'e of /"chine (" introduced into the Ro/"n E/'ire b% &50-*D* $o(e.er1 the firt 'r"ctic"l (ind/ill (ere built in Sit"n1Ir"n1 fro/ the 2th centur%* Thee (ere .ertic"l ",le (ind/ill1(hich h"d long .ertic"l dri.eh"ft (ith rect"ngle h"'ed bl"de*
"de of i, to t(el.e "il co.ered in reed /"tting or cloth /"teri"l1thee (ind/ill (ere ued to grind corn "nd dr"( u' ("ter1 "nd(ere ued in the /illing "nd ug"rc"ne indutrie
B% the #4th centur%1 Dutch (ind/ill (ere in ue to dr"in "re" of the Rhine
Ri.er delt"* In Den/"r b% #600 there (ere "bout &500 (ind/ill for/ech"nic"l lo"d uch " 'u/' "nd /ill1 'roducing "n eti/"tedco/bined 'e" 'o(er of "bout 30 W*
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
4/17
Dutch Wind/ill
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
5/17
he firt no(n electricit% gener"ting (ind/ill o'er"ted (" " b"tter% ch"rging /"chine intn #772 b% 8"/e Bl%th in Scotl"nd*
he firt (ind/ill for electricit% 'roduction in the United St"te (" built in Cle.el"nd1 9hio h"rle : Bruh in #7771 "nd in #607 there (ere 2& (ind;dri.en electric gener"tor fro/ 5
o &5 W*he l"rget /"chine (ere on &4 /
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
6/17
!o(er
EA *5.&
!o(er in free;flo(ing (ind
! A *5d-.3
!o(er fro/ Turbine!t A *5d-C.3
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
7/17
$-WT
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
8/17
$-WT -d."nt"ge
V"ri"ble bl"de 'itch1 (hich gi.e the turbine bl"de the o'ti/u/ "ngle of"tt"c* -llo(ing the "ngle of "tt"c to be re/otel% "duted gi.e gre"tercontrol1 o the turbine collect the /",i/u/ "/ount of (ind energ% forthe ti/e of d"% "nd e"on*
The t"ll to(er b"e "llo( "cce to tronger (ind in ite (ith (indhe"r* In o/e (ind he"r ite1 e.er% ten /eter u'1 the (ind 'eedc"n incre"e b% &0F "nd the 'o(er out'ut b% 34F*
$igh efficienc%1 ince the bl"de "l("% /o.e 'er'endicul"rl% to the (ind1recei.ing 'o(er through the (hole rot"tion* In contr"t1 "ll .ertic"l ",i(ind turbine1 "nd /ot 'ro'oed "irborne (ind turbine deign1 in.ol.e
."riou t%'e of reci'roc"ting "ction1 reGuiring "irfoil urf"ce tob"ctr"c "g"int the (ind for '"rt of the c%cle* B"ctr"cing "g"int the(ind le"d to inherentl% lo(er efficienc%*
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
9/17
$-WT Di"d."nt"ge
need to be /ounted on " high to(er (ith high tr"n'ort1 int"ll"tion H /"inten"ncecot
.er% inefficient "t lo( (ind 'eedunu"ble "t high (ind 'eed1 o ("ting the /ot ueful high energ% (ind
>Energ% i 'ro'ortion"l to (ind .elocit% cubed@en.iron/ent"ll% 'roble/"tic "t the bet loc"tionnoie H R: interferencetr"n'ort"tion cot1 e' for e,'ort 'otenti"lneed to be 'ointed "t (ind1 (hich incre"e cot*
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
10/17
1
V-WT
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
11/17
V-WT ub;t%'eD"rrieu (ind turbine
JEggbe"terJ turbine1 or D"rrieu turbine1(hich (ere n"/ed "fter the :rench in.entor1Keorge D"rrieu* The% h".e good
efficienc%1 but 'roduce l"rge torGue ri''le"nd c%clic tre on the to(er1 (hichcontribute to 'oor reli"bilit%* -lo1 the%gener"ll% reGuire o/e e,tern"l 'o(er
ource1 or "n "ddition"l S".oniu rotor1 tot"rt turning1 bec"ue the t"rting torGue i.er% lo(*
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
12/17
1
V-WT ub;t%'e
S".oniu (ind turbineThee "re dr"g;t%'e de.ice (ith t(o
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
13/17
1
V-WT "d."nt"ge
Lower construction costas compared to HAWTs because there is no need to build a massie to!erstructure to support the hea" HAWT blades and turbine assembl"#
Easier to maintainas the moin$ parts are located near the $round#
c% Lower wind start-up speedsthan HAWTs& T"picall"' the" start creatin$ electricit" at 6 m&p&h&The e((ectie cut)in speed can be made een lo!er b" cleer (unnellin$#d% Less likely to break in highwindsas the" usuall" hae a lo!er Tip)*peed +Wind)*peed ratio&
Also' our ,AWT can be partiall" shielded b" the moable doors#e% Low heightuse(ul at locations !here la!s do not permit structures to be placed hi$h#(% Hilltops' rid$elines and passes can hae (aster !inds near the $round because the windis (orced
up a slope or funnelledinto a pass and into the path o( ,AWTs situated close to the $round#$% Does not need to turnto (ace the !ind i( the !ind direction chan$es ma-in$ them ideal inturbulent !ind conditions& Thus yaw drive not needed' lo!erin$ cost#h% ,AWT blades are easil" seen b" birds#
i% ,AWTs are .uieter and inter(ere less !ith T,' radio / radar si$nals#% ,AWT s"stems can also directl" drie pumps !hich ma" be used to store !ind $enerated ener$"&
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
14/17
1
V-WT di"d."nt"ge
Current V-WT "re less efficient than HAWTs" o/e bl"de "l("% o''oe (ind flo(Do not take advantage of the stronger wind"t higher ele."tion " the $-WT do* ) - V-WT th"t ue gu%;(ire to hold it in 'l"ce 'ut tre on the botto/ be"ring " "ll the
(eight of the rotor i on the be"ring* Ku% (ire "tt"ched to the to' be"ring incre"edo(n("rd thrut in (ind gut* Sol.ing thi 'roble/ reGuire " u'ertructure to hold " to'be"ring in 'l"ce to eli/in"te the do(n("rd thrut of gut e.ent in gu% (ired /odel*
) The tre in e"ch bl"de due to (ind lo"ding ch"nge ign t(ice during e"ch re.olution "
the "''"rent (ind direction /o.e through 3?0 degree* Thi re.er"l of the treincre"e the lielihood of bl"de f"ilure b% f"tigue* ) While V-WT '"rt "re loc"ted on the ground1 the% "re "lo loc"ted under the (eight of
the tructure "bo.e it1 (hich c"n /"e ch"nging out '"rt ne"rl% i/'oible (ithoutdi/"ntling the tructure if not deigned 'ro'erl%*
) $".ing rotor loc"ted cloe to the ground (here (ind 'eed "re lo(er due to (ind he"r1V-WT /"% not 'roduce " /uch energ% "t " gi.en ite " " $-WT (ith the "/efoot'rint or height*
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
15/17
1
DCU V-WT
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
16/17
1
Wind :unnelling
8/9/2019 EE535 Wind Turbines (1).ppt
17/17
1
-d."nt"ge of ne( WT
"% be /"de in Irel"ndLo(er int"ll"tion H tr"n'ort cot
EfficientLe .iu"ll% obtrui.e!oible future lin;u' (ith SoI
Recommended