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Distribution Limits
Define and give examples
Abiotic factors
Biotic factors
ex. wind, rocks, temperature, climate, water, elevation, light ----- NON-LIVING
LIVING - ex. pathogens, predators, parasites, decomposers, symbiotic relationships
Distribution Limits: BiomesProvide brief description of each biome
Tundra
Taiga
Grasslands
< 13 cm; animals adapted to cold; mosses & low-lying plants.
animals adapted to cold; shows more diversity than tundra; rainfall 30-85 cm
herbivore; different ranges but generally low (10-90 cm)
Distribution Limits: Biomes
Temperate deciduous forest
Tropical rainforest
Desert
Aquatic – intertidal, ocean, freshwater…
deciduous trees; good animal diversity; 75-150 cm; seasons
wet (over 150 cm) ; various layers to plant life; most biodiversity of organisms
less than 25 cm; not all are hot; nocturnal predominate; water-storing plants
www.teachersfirst.com/ lessons/biomes/biomes.html
A
B
C
D
E
F
TDF
DESERT
TUNDRA
GRASSLANDS
TAIGA
TRF
Population Growthr(reproductive rate) = births-deaths
NN = size of population
Density
Dispersion
Define and provide examples
# of individuals per unit of area; space
Spacing patterns among populations: clumped, uniform, random
Population GrowthBiotic potential
Carrying capacity
Limiting factorsDensity-dependentDensity-independent
Define and provide examples
Under ideal conditions - the amount of individuals an area can support.
Maximum population of an area w/o habitat degradation.
Population Growth & RegulationLife History
Semelparity
Iteroparity
Survivorship curvesType I = k-strategist (selection)Type II = randomType III = r-strategist (selection)
Define and provide examples
Species InteractionsInterspecific competition
Competitive exclusion principle (Gause)
Resource partitioning
Character displacement
Realized niche vs. fundamental niche
Define and provide examples
Interspecific Competition
PredationTrue predation
Parasitism
Parasitoid
Herbivory
Define and provide examples
Interspecific Competition
Symbiosis – sym = together, bio=lifeMutualism
Commensalism
(Parasitism
Define and provide examples
Interspecific Competition
CoevolutionMorphological defenses
Secondary compounds
Camouflage
Aposematic coloration
Mimicry
Műllerian
Batesian
Define and provide examples
Community Structure & GrowthEcological Succession
Primary
Secondary
http://www.geo.arizona.edu/Antevs/nats104/00lect20sucn2.gif
Describe the changes that occur from left to right in the picture?
If the original plot was plowed, is this primary or secondary succession?
Biogeochemical Cycles
Consist of same basic structure/parts:Major chemicals
Reservoir/storage
Assimilation (into organisms)
Release (from organisms)For each cycle that follows provide an
example of the information above.
Water cycle
Major chemicals ….water (duh!)
Reservoir/storage
Assimilation (into organisms)
Release (from organisms)
Carbon Cycle
Major chemicals
Reservoir/storage
Assimilation (into organisms)
Release (from organisms)
Nitrogen Cycle
Major chemicals
Reservoir/storage
Assimilation (into organisms)
Release (from organisms)
Phosphorus Cycle
Similar to others but does not have an atmospheric component.
See pg. 1212 for details.
Ecological PyramidsEnergy-Why is a percentage of energy lost as you ascend the pyramid?
http://www.mesa.edu.au/friends/seashores/images/energy_pyramid.gif
Ecological PyramidsBiomass – Why does the biomass pyramid reflect the same trend as the energy pyramid?
http://www.niles-hs.k12.il.us/jacnau/chpt545.jpg
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