EARTH SCIENCE SOL REVIEW GAME. When rainfall occurs, the water will most likely become surface...

EARTH SCIENCE

SOL REVIEW GAME

When rainfall occurs, the water When rainfall occurs, the water will most likely become surface will most likely become surface runoff if the surface of the soil is runoff if the surface of the soil is

A. A. highly permeable highly permeable B. B. steeply sloped steeply sloped C. C. covered with trees covered with trees D. D. loose and sandyloose and sandy

• Answer: b

What does “atmo” mean?A. DepthB. Things in the air C. Vapor/gasD. water

• Answer: C

A number of objects are grouped A number of objects are grouped on the basis of common on the basis of common properties. properties. What is this process What is this process called? called?

A. A. observation observation B. B. inference inference C. C. classification classification D. D. measurementmeasurement

• Answer: c

Answer: a

• Compared to Earth’s solar system, the universe is inferred to be

• a. older and larger

• b. younger and smaller

• c. younger and larger

• d. older and smaller

The amount of force air molecules exert on a unit surface area is called

A. humidityB. air pressureC. windD. precipitation

• Answer: B

The flat part of the ocean floor is called

a. Continental marginb. Intertidal zonec. Bathyal zoned. Abyssal plain

• Answer: d

a. ocean currents b. nighttimec. thick clouds d. Eclipse

• Answer: b

Answer: c

Which one of the following has the strongest winds?

a. Hurricanes

b. Midlatitude cyclones

c. Tornadoes

d. Typhoons

Most scientists agree that global warming is occurring, but they mainly disagree about…

a. How much has occurredb. Whether there are

greenhouse gasesc. What global warming really is

d. What is causing it

• Answer: d

An ocean current caused by density differences in the temperature and salinity is called?

A. Density current B. UpwellingC. Surface currentD. Salinity

• Answer: A

The diagram below shows land features that have been disrupted by an earthquake. Which type of crustal movement most likely caused the displacement of features in this area? A. vertical lifting of surface rockB. folding of surface rockC. down-warping of the crust

D. movement along a transform fault

• Answer: D

Why does water move very slowly downward through clay soil?

A. Clay soil is composed of low-density minerals.

B. Clay soil is composed of very hard particles.

C. Clay soil has large pore spaces.

D. Clay soil has very small particles.

• Answer: d

What Earth movement creates day and night?

A. Earth’s revolutionB. Earth’s rotationC. Earth’s tilt on its axisD. Earth’s revolution and rotation

• Answer: B

Which landscape characteristic best indicates the action of glaciers? A. few lakes

B. deposits of well-sorted sediments C. residual soil covering large areas D. polished and scratched surface

bedrock

• Answer: d

What is the density of a rock which has a mass of 35 grams and a volume of 7.0 cubic centimeters?

a. 5.0 g/cm3 b. 0.20 g/cm3 c. 28 g/cm3 d. 42 g/cm3

• Answer: a

Which atmospheric layer has the Which atmospheric layer has the ozone layerozone layera. stratosphere a. stratosphere b. mesosphereb. mesospherec. thermosphere c. thermosphere d. troposphered. troposphere

• Answer: a

The Geologic Time Scale is organized with…a. Most recent time period at the

topb. Least recent time period at the

topc. By importance of eventd. Easiest way to read it

• Answer: a

The inference that the inner core of the Earth is solid is based on analysis of

a. seismic data b. crustal rock c. radioactive data d. meteorite composition

• Answer: a

Which is a renewable resource?

A. GoldB. DiamondsC. Fossil fuelsD. air

• Answer: d

Which statement about a cumulus cloud as seen over Virginia Beach, VA, is an inference?

A. The cloud appears white. B. The cloud has an irregular shape. C. The cloud formed over the Atlantic

Ocean. D. The base of the cloud is determined

to be 2.6 km above the ground.

• Answer: c

Which event would be the most predictable one year in advance of the event?

a. a hurricane in Florida b. an earthquake in California c. a volcanic eruption in Japan d. an eclipse of the Sun

• Answer: d

The prefix “strato” meansa. Equalb. Rockc. Underd. Covering

• Answer: d

Which does a solar wind NOT cause to occur

a. aurorasb. heat from the sunc. comets tails to change directiond. interference with radio waves

• Answer: b

The main source of moisture for the local water budget is

a. potential evapotranspiration

b. actual evapotranspiration c. ground water storage d. precipitation

• Answer: d

In which climate would chemical weathering occur at the greatest rate?

A. cold and dry B. cold and humid C. warm and dry D. warm and humid

• Answer: d

The dependent variable…A. changes in response to the change the scientist makes to the independent variableB. never changesC. should always be red in color so you can easily see it on a chartD. does not change when the

independent variable is tested

• Answer: A

Which factor has the greatest influence on the weathering rate of Earth’s surface bedrock?

A. local air pressureB. angle of insolationC. age of the bedrockD. regional climate

• Answer: D

What is the contour interval for this map?a. 10 ft b. 50ft c. 100ft d. 1000ft

• Answer: C

Which is the best example of physical weathering?

A. the cracking of rock caused by the freezing and thawing of water

B. the transportation of sediment in a stream C. the reaction of limestone with acid

rainwater D. the formation of a sandbar along the side

of a stream

• Answer: a

• Answer: b

This diagram shows the orbit of the moon around the Earth. In which position would an observer on Earth see a full moona. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

Which 2 points are located at the same elevation?a. X and Y b. E and F c. A and B d. B and C

• Answer: A

Answer: a

• The amount of material in suspension is dependent upon the __________ of the stream water.a. volume and velocity

b. stream channel

c. Solutes

d. bed load

The texture of an igneous rock gives The texture of an igneous rock gives information regardinginformation regarding

A. the rate at which the rock formedA. the rate at which the rock formedB. the chemical composition of the rockB. the chemical composition of the rockC. how old the rock isC. how old the rock isD. the number of erosional-D. the number of erosional-

depositional-cycles the rock has gone depositional-cycles the rock has gone throughthrough

• Answer: A

This rock is most likely a. granite b. limestonec. schist d. obsidian

• Answer: B

The primary cause of winds is the a. unequal heating of the Earth's

atmosphere b. unifiorm density of the atmosphere c. friction between the atmosphere and the lithosphere d. rotation of the Earth

• Answer: a

The table below describes the characteristics of three landscape regions, A, B, and C, found in the United States.

Which list best identifies landscapes A, B, and C? A. A—mountain, B—plain, C—plateau B. A—plain, B—plateau, C—mountain C. A—plateau, B—mountain, C—plain D. A—plain, B—mountain, C—plateau

• Answer: A

At which two locations in this stream is deposition normally dominant over erosion?

A. A and DB. B and EC. C and ED. D and C

• Answer: C

The map shows the locations of deep-sea core drilling sites numbered 1 through 4. The approximate location of the East Pacific Ridge is shown by a dashed line. Point A is located on the East Pacific Ridge.

At which drilling site would the oldest igneous bedrock most likely be found?

A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4

• Answer: A

What date is represented for this diagram?a. March 21st b. June 21st c. September 22nd d. December 21st

• Answer: D

Answer: d

Which is NOT true of erosion by running water

a. is very powerful

b. water moving down steep slopes has a greater potential to erode

c. is an agent of erosion

d. can carry large piles of rocks over great distances

• Answer: b

This diagram shows the orbit of the moon around the Earth. In which position would an observer on Earth see a full moona. 1 b. 5 c. 3 d. 4

All of the following are characteristics of metamorphic rocks, except-

a. flattened crystalsb. colored, paralleled layersc. bending from pressured. holes from trapped gas

• Answer: d

Answer: d• Which is the best evidence supporting the

concept of ocean floor spreading?a.Earthquakes occur at greater depths beneath

continents than beneath oceans.

b.Sandstones and limestones can be found both in North America and Europe.

c.Volcanoes appear at random within the oceanic crust.

d. Igneous rocks along the mid-oceanic ridges are younger than those farther from the ridges.

This diagram provides evidence that the Pacific Crustal Plate was moving toward the a. Sb. Ec. SWd. NW

• Answer: d

• Answer: D

Besides the Earth, which 2 planets are depicted in the diagram?

a. Venus and Mars b. Mars and Jupiter c. Neptune and Pluto d. Mercury and Venus

If it is 6 AM at location D, what is the time at location A?

A. 8 amB. 6am C. 10 am D. 12 noon

• Answer: B

Which diagram correctly shows air circulation around a high pressure center in the northern hemisphere?a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

• Answer: C

The arrows shown in the asthenosphere represent the inferred slow circulation of the plastic mantle by a process called

a. insolationb. Convectionc. conductiond. radiation

• Answer: b

At which location is it likely raining?a. A b. B c. C d. D

• Answer: B

Which of these describes the most common way that material is added to a continental shelf?

A. Eruption of continental volcanoesB. Evaporation from continental

watershedsC. Deposition of continental sedimentsD. Subduction of continental plates

• Answer: c

Igneous rocks are formed by—A. evaporation of water, leaving solids

behindB. heat and pressure on existing rocksC. cooling and hardening of molten rockD. layers of mud on the bottom of a lake

• Answer: c

Answer: b

A. the heat rising from the inner core is melting the outer coreB. the pressure from all of Earth's layers keeps it in a solid stateC. the outer core is farther from the center, and there is less gravity holding it togetherD. there is more water in the outer core and it dilutes the materials

Land breezes and sea breezes are created by the differences in—

a. the heat capacity between water and landb. solar radiation reaching the Earth's surfacec. the living organisms occurring in the land and sead. the Earth's tilt on its axis

• Answer: a

Answer: d

Compared to the climate conditions of dry inland locations, the climate conditions of locations influenced by a nearby ocean generally result in

a.hotter summers and colder winters, with a smaller annual range of temperatures

b.hotter summers and colder winters, with a larger annual range of temperatures

c.cooler summers and warmer winters, with a larger annual range of temperatures

d.cooler summers and warmer winters, with a smaller annual range of temperatures

Which rock type is the oldest?

A.

B.

C.

D. • Answer: d

Small pieces of rock exposed to weather wear away and collect in layers. Sometimes these layers joined back together to make _____ rock.

A. metamorphic rockB. igneous rockC. mineral D. sedimentary rock

• Answer: d

• Answer: C

a. A b. B c. C d. D

Which diagram represents the placement of the sun, Earth, and moon during a lunar eclipse?

• Answer: C

The brightest planet in our sky is

a. Venusb. The sunc. The moond. Alpha Centauri

• Answer: a

Answer: a

According to the map, most hurricanes occur where —A the oceans are warmest B the landmasses are largestC the atmosphere is driestD areas of greatest population exist

Which of these is important in the formation of clouds?

A The relative length of day and nightB The Coriolis effectC The melting of the polar ice capsD The cooling of air as it rises

• Answer: d

Which terms are associated with sedimentary rocks?

A. Clastic and chemicalB. Intrusive and extrusiveC. Organic and foliatedD. Chemical and non-

foliated

• Answer: A

The final stage in the erosional process in which materials are dropped in another location is

a. Erosionb. Weatheringc. Depositiond. gravity

• Answer: c

A large belt of mountain ranges and volcanoes surrounds the Pacific Ocean. Which events are most closely associated with these mountains and volcanoes?

A. hurricanes B. sandstorms C. tornadoes D. earthquakes

• Answer: d

Which of these can determine the size of grains in igneous rocks?

A Amount of rare mineralsB Distance from a plate boundaryC Size of the volcanoD Cooling rate of molten rock

• Answer: d

The numerous rocks orbiting the sun between Jupiter and Mars are —

A cometsB asteroids _C meteorites

D satellites

• Answer: B

Which of the following properties refers to the colored powder resulting from rubbing a mineral against a harder surface?

A HardnessB LusterC CleavageD Streak

• Answer: d

The measurable factor in an experiment is known as the

a. controlb. independent variablec. dependent variabled. constant

• Answer: c

Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism?

• Answer: A

The map below shows some features along an ocean shoreline.In which general direction is the sand being moved along

this shoreline by ocean (long shore) currents?

A. NE B. SE C. NW d. SW

• Answer: B

Answer: d

Which Which number number represents represents runoff in the runoff in the water cycle?water cycle?

a.a.33

b.b.88

c.c.11

d.d.55

Periodically, there are spectacular meteor showers on Earth. These showers usually occur because the Earth’s orbit passes through the remains of —A a cometB a starC solar flaresD the rings of Saturn

• Answer: A

The diagram below shows the bedrock structure beneath a series of hills.Which process was primarily responsible for forming

the hills? a. foldingb. Faultingc. depositiond. vulcanism

• Answer: b

A light-year measures —A brightnessB distance _C radiationD time

• Answer: B

• Answer: d

a. York River b. New River

c. Roanoke River

d. James River

The sun emits energy into light and heat by converting hydrogen into helium. What is this process called?

A. radiationB. nuclear fissionC. nuclear fusionD. sunspots

• Answer: C

Periodically, there are spectacular Periodically, there are spectacular meteor showers on Earth. These meteor showers on Earth. These showers usually occur because the showers usually occur because the Earth’s orbit passes through the Earth’s orbit passes through the remains of —remains of —

AA a cometa cometBB a stara starCC solar flaressolar flaresDD the rings of Saturnthe rings of Saturn

• Answer: A

The brightest object in a our sky is a. the moonb. starsc. the sund. Venus

• Answer: c

• Answer: d

a. Bull Pastureb. Jack Mountainc. Monterayd. Hightown Valley

This shows-a. topography b. latitudec. longitude d. time zones

• Answer: b

• Answer: c

What is the contour interval?a. 40 b. 60 c. 20 d. 100

Objects in the sky appear to be lit up in our solar system due to the light from a. starsb. moonc. planetsd. the sun

• answer: d

Which planet has such an eccentric orbit that it periodically crosses the orbit of another planet.

A. JupiterB. PlutoC. SaturnD. Mercury

• Answer: b

Why do we always see the same side of the moon?

A. its revolution is too shortB. it doesn’t rotateC. it tilts each monthD. it revolves and rotates in the same amount of time

• Answer: d

Wind is caused by: a. expanding and cooling of water vaporb. variations in temperaturec. variations in air pressured. heavy precipitation

• Answer: c

The planet which takes the shortest path around the sun

a. has the shortest revolutionb. has the shortest rotationc. moves faster than the other planetsd. moves slower than the other planets

• Answer: a

Which of the following properties refers to the colored powder resulting from rubbing a mineral against a harder surface?

A HardnessB LusterC CleavageD Streak

• Answer: d

If it is 10 am at location D, what time would it be at location B?a. 10 amb. 11:30 amc. 2 pm d. 6 am

• Answer: d

What takes up 98% of the mass of our solar system

a. Jupiterb. The galaxyc. Starsd. The sun

• Answer: d

What kind of front is this…a. Stationaryb. Occludedc. Coldd. warm

• Answer: c

Which of the following minerals found in the northern Piedmont province is known as “fool’s gold?”

A Pyrite B HematiteC GalenaD Limonite

• Answer: a

What is the approximate location of point B?a. 33oN, 75oE b. 33oS, 75oWc. 33oN, 75oW

d. 33oS, 75oE

• Answers: c

Which stars are hottest and brightest?a. A b. B c. C d. D

• Answer: c

The presence of many metamorphic rocks in Virginia is an indication that the area has been subjected to —

A intense heat and pressure B limited volcanic activityC deep ocean ventingD massive solar bombardment

• Answer: a

a. 1 b. 2c. 3 d. 4

• Answer: b

The dark areas on the sun caused by storms in the lower atmosphere are

a. prominencesb. solar windc. solar flared. sunspots

• Answer: d

Which phase is waxing crescent?a. b.

c. d.

• Answer: d

Because granite cools below the Because granite cools below the surface of the Earth, it is —surface of the Earth, it is —

AA an igneous extrusive rockan igneous extrusive rockBB an igneous intrusive rock an igneous intrusive rock CC a sedimentary rocka sedimentary rockDD a metamorphic rocka metamorphic rock

• Answer: b

The way a mineral reflects light is the physical property

a. lusterb. hardnessc. streakd. fracture

• Answer: a

Why do we always see the same side of the moon?

A. its revolution is too shortB. it doesn’t rotateC. it tilts each monthD. it revolves and rotates in the same amount of time

• answer: d

Which type of front has a steep frontal area

a. warm b. stationaryc. occluded d. cold

• Answer: d

Which is an indication that the universe is expanding?

A. planets are moving apartB. galaxies are moving apartC. planets are moving closerD. galaxies are moving

closer

• Answer: b