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DSS Configurations
•It supports individual members and an entire team.
•It is used repeatedly and constantly.
•It has three major components: data, models, and a user interface.
•It uses subjective, personal, and objective data.
•It is used in the private sector.
•It helps the user to make faster, smarter, better decisions.
DSS Versus EDP
Dimension DSS EDPUse
User
Goal
Time horizon
Objective
Active
Line and staff management
Effectiveness
Present and future
Flexibility
Passive
Clerical
Mechanical efficiency
Past
Consistency
Concepts Underlying DSS Definitions
Source DSS Defined in Terms ofGorry and Scott-Morton (1971)
Little (1970)
Alter (1980)
Moore and Chang (1980)
Bonczek et al. (1989)
Keen (1980)
Problem type, system function (support)
System function, interface characteristics
Usage pattern, system objectives
Usage pattern, system capabilities
System components
Development process
What is a DSS Application
•A DSS is an approach (or methodology) for supporting decision- making. It uses an interactive, flexible, adaptable CBIS especially developed for supporting the solution to a specific nonstructured management problem. It uses data, provides an easy user interface, and can incorporate the decision-maker’s own insights.
•In addition, a DSS usually uses models and is built (often by end-users) by an interactive and iterative process. It supports all phases of decision-making and may include a knowledge component.
•Finally, a DSS can be used by a single user on a PC or can be Web- based for use by many people at several locations.
Key Characteristics and Capabilities of DSS
DSS
Semistructuredand unstructured
problems
1
Supportmanagers at
all levels
2
Supportindividualsand groups
3
Interdependentor sequential
decisions
4
Supportintelligence,
design, choice,implementation
5
Support varietyof decision
processes and styles
6
Adaptableand
flexible
7
Interactiveease of use
8Effectiveness,not efficiency
9
Humans controlthe machine
10
Ease ofdevelopmentby end users
11
Modelingand analysis
12
Data access
13Standalone,
integration andWeb-based
14
A Schematic View of DSS
Othercomputer-based
systems
Knowledge-basedsubsystems
Userinterface
Manager (user)Organizational KB
Data: externaland internal
Internet,intranets,extranets
Datamanagement
Modelmanagement
Externalmodels
The Structure of the Model Management Subsystem
Models (Model Base)
•Strategic, tactical, operational•Statical, financial, marketing, management science, accounting, engineering, etc.•Model building blocks
Model Base Management
•Modeling commands: creation•Maintenance: update•Database interface•Modeling language
ModelDirectory
Model execution,integration, and
command processor
Knowledge-basedsubsystem
Datamanagement
Interfacemanagement
Schematic View of the User Interface System
Data Managementand DBMS
User InterfaceManagement
System (UIMS)
Knowledge-basedsubsystem
Model Managementand MBMS
Natural LanguageProcessor
Input OutputAction DisplayLanguages Languages
Users
Printers, Plotters
PC Display
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