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Draft EIA Report
Common Effluent Treatment Plant
Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster
Proposed Capacity -150KLD
Prepared by:
Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd. (SSWML)SCO 20-
21, II floor, Near Hotel Dolphin, Zirakpur (Punjab) 140 604.
Phone/Telefax: 01762-509496
Proponent: Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan (AHVS) Ajrakhpur Paddhar, Post: Kukma, 370105. Tal- Bhuj District -Kachchh, State- Gujarat, India.
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QCI/NABET Certificate ........................................................................................................... ix
UNDERTAKING ..................................................................................................................... xi
TERMS OF REFERENCE ...................................................................................................... xiii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... xxi
1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1
Background ................................................................................................................. 1
Category of The Project ............................................................................................... 1
Purpose of EIA ............................................................................................................. 1
Objectives of EIA ......................................................................................................... 1
Scope of the EIA .......................................................................................................... 1
Need for the Project ..................................................................................................... 2
Advantages of CETP .................................................................................................... 2
Approach of the EIA Study .......................................................................................... 2
Details of The Project Proponent .................................................................................. 3
Structure of the EIA report: ....................................................................................... 5
2 Project Description ....................................................................................................... 16
Introduction- Type of Project .......................................................................................16
Identification of the Project .........................................................................................18
Brief Description of Nature of the Project ....................................................................18
Environmental Sensitivity related to project site. .........................................................21
Need For The Project And Its Importance To The Country or Region .........................24
Employment Generation (Direct And Indirect) Due To The Project .............................24
Swot Analysis ..............................................................................................................24
Site Layout ..................................................................................................................25
Treatment Scheme ......................................................................................................39
Details on Equalization Tank ...................................................................................39
Discharge Cum Recovery Standard ........................................................................40
Treated Effluent Usage ............................................................................................40
Sludge Management ...............................................................................................40
3 Description of Environment ........................................................................................... 43
Introduction.................................................................................................................43
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Study Area ..................................................................................................................43
Landform, Land-Use And Land Ownership ................................................................43
Topography ................................................................................................................44
Land use pattern. .......................................................................................................44
Soil Classification ........................................................................................................47
Climatic & Rainfall .......................................................................................................47
Site Specific Micro Meterological Data .................................................................................48
Air Environment ..........................................................................................................49
Water Environment ......................................................................................................56
Soil Environment ......................................................................................................64
Noise Environment ..................................................................................................70
Geo Hydrology ........................................................................................................70
Soil Percolation........................................................................................................71
Ecology & Biodiversity .............................................................................................71
Greenbelt Development ..........................................................................................82
Socio Economic Impact Assessment ......................................................................83
DEMOGRAPHY .......................................................................................................89
4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures ............................................ 95
Identification Of Impacts .............................................................................................95
Predictions And Evaluation Of Impacts .......................................................................95
Air Environment ..........................................................................................................97
Mitigation Measures ..............................................................................................................97
Water Environment ......................................................................................................98
Impact On Land ..........................................................................................................99
Noise Environment .................................................................................................... 100
Solid Waste Management ......................................................................................... 101
Infrastructure And Services ...................................................................................... 102
Socio - Economic Impacts ........................................................................................ 104
Impact Matrix ........................................................................................................ 106
5 Analysis Of Alternatives .............................................................................................. 115
Site Selection ............................................................................................................ 115
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Treatment Scheme .................................................................................................... 115
6 Environmental Monitoring Programme ......................................................................... 117
Introduction............................................................................................................... 117
Areas of Concern ...................................................................................................... 117
Responsibility ........................................................................................................... 120
CETP Emergency Management System ................................................................... 122
Environmental Policy ................................................................................................. 123
Action To Be Taken Against Nonconformity .............................................................. 124
System Of Reporting Of Noncompliance / Violations Of Environmental Norms To Board
Of Directors / Share Holders ............................................................................................... 125
Additional Studies ..................................................................................................... 125
Operational Directives .............................................................................................. 126
7 Additional Studies ...................................................................................................... 129
Introduction............................................................................................................... 129
Risk Assessment ...................................................................................................... 129
Objective Of The Study ............................................................................................. 130
Relevant Definitions .................................................................................................. 130
Hazard Identification ................................................................................................. 133
Major Hazards And Damage Criteria ........................................................................ 136
Disaster management plan ....................................................................................... 143
Structure Of The Emergency Management ............................................................... 144
Roles And Responsibilities ....................................................................................... 145
8 Project Benefits .......................................................................................................... 150
Benefits: Economic And Social Infrastructure ........................................................... 150
Employment Opportunities ....................................................................................... 150
Benefits Of Industries ............................................................................................... 150
Social Responsibility ................................................................................................. 151
Capacity Building Training Programs ....................................................................... 151
9 Environmental Cost And Benefit Analysis .................................................................... 153
10 Environment Management Plan ................................................................................ 155
Aims & Objectives ................................................................................................. 155
Construction Phase ............................................................................................... 156
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Operation Phase ................................................................................................... 157
Construction Phase Management ......................................................................... 160
Operational Phase Management ........................................................................... 161
Conveyance .......................................................................................................... 161
Details Of Environmental Management Plan ......................................................... 162
Odor Management Plan ........................................................................................ 163
Water Conservation ............................................................................................... 164
Waste Water Generation During Construction Phase ............................................ 164
Drainage And Storm Water Management .............................................................. 164
Rain Water Recharging Scheme ........................................................................... 165
Solid/ hazardous waste managenent .................................................................... 166
Noise Environment ................................................................................................ 166
Land Environment ................................................................................................. 167
Ecological Balance ............................................................................................... 167
Socio-Economic Survey ........................................................................................ 167
Biological environment (operation phase) ............................................................. 168
Organizational Hierarchical Structure .................................................................... 169
Environmental Management Cell ........................................................................... 170
11 Summary ................................................................................................................. 174
Introduction ........................................................................................................... 174
Category Of The Project ........................................................................................ 174
Salient Features Of The Project ............................................................................. 174
Treatment Scheme ................................................................................................ 175
Manpower Requirement ........................................................................................ 176
Effluent Transportation .......................................................................................... 176
Existing Environment ............................................................................................. 176
Air Environment ..................................................................................................... 176
Water Environment ................................................................................................ 177
Soil Environment .................................................................................................... 177
Noise Environment ................................................................................................ 177
Biological Environment .......................................................................................... 177
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Socio-economic environment: ............................................................................... 177
Landuse Patterns: ................................................................................................. 178
Impact Assessments ............................................................................................. 178
Budgetory Provisions For EMP .............................................................................. 178
Corporate Social Responsibility ............................................................................ 178
Observations And Conclusions ............................................................................. 179
12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ............................................................................. 181
Table 0-1: Corporate Social Responsibility ............................................................................ xxvi
Table 1-1: compliance of tor: ..................................................................................................... 6
Table 2-1: Salient Features of The Project .................................................................................18
Table 2-2: Land area details .....................................................................................................19
Table 2-3: Ajrakhpur Artisan Unit Monthly Production Details ...................................................28
Table 2-4: Consumption Of Dyes, Chemicals & Auxiliaries .......................................................30
Table 2-5: List Of Biodegradable Chemicals ............................................................................31
Table 2-6: List Of Non-Biodegradable Chemicals .....................................................................32
Table 2-7: Effluent Generation Details .......................................................................................34
Table 2-8: Water Consumption and Wastewater Generation ....................................................36
Table 2-9: Consumption of Raw materials ................................................................................36
Table 2-10: Details of Equalization tank ...................................................................................39
Table 2-11: Achievable Values Vis-À-Vis Statutory Norms ........................................................40
Table 3-1: Corner Coordinates of the Project Site. ....................................................................43
Table 3-2: Land Use/ Land Cover classification table ...............................................................44
Table 3-3: Climatological Data for IMD Station Bhuj..................................................................47
Table 3-4: Location of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations .................................................51
Table 3-5: Methods adopted for Ambient Air Parameters .........................................................51
Table 3-6: Ambient Air Quality Data ..........................................................................................52
Table 3-7: Location of Water Monitoring Stations ......................................................................57
Table 3-8: CPCB water quality criteria ......................................................................................57
Table 3-9: Surface Water Results (Sept-2017) ..........................................................................58
Table 3-10: Ground Water Results (Sept-2017) ........................................................................60
Table 3-11: Soil quality Results for month Sept 2017 ................................................................64
Table 3-12: Standard Soil Classification....................................................................................65
Table 3-13: Soil Quality Results for month Sept 2017................................................................66
Table 3-14: Noise monitoring results. ........................................................................................70
Table 3-15: district-wise forest cover (area in km) ....................................................................73
Table 3-16: Mode of Data Collection & Parameters Considered During the Survey ..................74
Table 3-17: Tree Species Present In The Study Area ................................................................76
Table 3-18: List of Species found in the buffer zone. ................................................................79
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Table 3-19: Systematic lists of birds in the buffer zone with its distribution and migratory status
.................................................................................................................................................79
Table 3-20: List of Reptiles in the buffer zone. ..........................................................................80
Table 3-21: Aquatic Flora and Fuana ........................................................................................81
Table 3-22: Along the Roadside ...............................................................................................82
Table 3-23: Along the CETP Infrastructure shrubs are planted .................................................83
Table 3-24: Coordinates of the stud area. .................................................................................84
Table 3-25: Demographic Profile of the study area (10km) in villages/CT Ajrakhpur District
Kachchh Gujarat: ......................................................................................................................86
Table 3-26: Demographic Profile of the study area (10km) in Ajrakhpur Tehsil Bhuj District
Kachchh Gujrat: ........................................................................................................................89
Table 4-1: Impact Identification Matrix .................................................................................... 107
Table 4-2: Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Construction Phase ................. 109
Table 4-3: Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Operation Phase ..................... 111
Table 6-1: Summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme for Implementation during Project
Construction Phase ................................................................................................................. 119
Table 6-2: Summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme for Implementation during Project
Operation Phase ..................................................................................................................... 119
Table 7-1: Toxicity Level of Hazardous Chemicals ................................................................... 131
Table 7-2: Hazards and Its Control ......................................................................................... 134
Table 7-3: Flood Control Measures ......................................................................................... 135
Table 7-4: Earthquake Control Measures ................................................................................ 135
Table 7-5: Fire Fighting System ............................................................................................... 135
Table 7-6: Occupation Hazards And Its Control Measure ........................................................ 137
Table 7-7: Structure Of The Emergency Management .............................................................. 144
Table 7-8: - Roles And Responsibilities ................................................................................... 145
Table 10-1 Issues and their management during Construction Phase. ................................... 156
Table 10-2 Issues and Management during Operation Phase. .............................................. 158
Table 10-3: Corporate Social Responsibility ........................................................................... 171
Table 10-4 Allocation of Budget for Environment Management Plan ...................................... 172
Table 11-1: Corporate Social Responsibility ........................................................................... 178
Table 12-1 Details of the Consultant Organization .................................................................. 181
Table 12-2 Key Personnel/FAEs (Functional Area Experts) Associated with the Study ........... 182
Table 12-3: Key Personnel/FAA(Functional Area Associate) Associated with the Study ......... 184
Figure 1-1: Location of the proposed CETP project. .................................................................. 4
Figure 2-1: Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster .............................................................................17
Figure 2-2:location map showing 5km Radius from Project Site. ..............................................20
Figure 2-3: Toposheet showing 5Km & 10km radius from the project site ................................22
Figure 2-4: Eco Sensitive Map of Gujarat ..................................................................................23
Figure 2-5: Layout of the project site .........................................................................................26
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Figure 2-6: Photographs of the Project Site ...............................................................................27
Figure 2-7: A sample of the cloth product made using wooden block printing .........................33
Figure 2-8: The Conveyance layout ..........................................................................................38
Figure 3-1: Graphical Presentation of Land Use/ Land Cover classification .............................44
Figure 3-2: Satellite Image Map of the Project site and study area ...........................................45
Figure 3-3: Land use /Land Cover Map ....................................................................................46
Figure 3-4: Map Showing Monitoring locations .........................................................................50
Figure 3-5: Graphical Representation of PM2.5 monitored during Period Mid-September 2017 to
Mid-October 2017 .....................................................................................................................54
Figure 3-6: Graphical Representation of PM10 monitored during Period Mid-September 2017 to
Mid-October 2017 .....................................................................................................................54
Figure 3-7: Graphical Representation of NO2 monitored during Period Mid-September 2017 to
Mid-October 2017 .....................................................................................................................55
Figure 3-8: Graphical Representation of SO2 monitored during Period Mid-September 2017 to
Mid-October 2017 .....................................................................................................................55
Figure 3-9: Graphical Representation of O3 monitored during Period Mid-September 2017 to Mid-
October 2017 ............................................................................................................................56
Figure 3-10: Showing 10 Km Buffer Map Showing Settlements ................................................85
Figure 10-1: Schematic Diagram Of Recharge Well ............................................................... 165
Figure 10-2: Organizational Hierarchical Structure ................................................................. 169
List of Annexures & Drawings
Annexure
I. Land Registration Document
II. Undertaking that member industries of proposed CETP will be textile processing
units, yarn dyeing units, weaving units or allied textile units only and will not have
any other chemical synthesis or pharmaceutical industries.
III. Undertaking a separate electric meter will be provided for the waste water
treatment system.
IV. Application submitted for Electricity connection & Receipt.
V. Receipt of Application submitted for Groundwater Abstraction to CGWB,
Ahmedabad.
VI. Disciplinary Policy
VII. Monitoring Test Reports
VIII. Geotechnical Investigation Report
IX. Conservation Plan
Drawings
I. CETP Plant Layout
II. Pipeline Distribution System
III. CETP Hydraulic Flow Diagram
IV. Ajrakhpur Cluster Map.
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QCI/NABET CERTIFICATE
DRAFT EIA REPORT FOR PROJECT FOR PROPOSED C.E.T.P AT AJRAKHPUR BLOCK PRINTING CLUSTER
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QCI/NABET Certificate
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UNDERTAKING
DRAFT EIA REPORT
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We, Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas
Common Effluent Treatment Plant
Bhuj, District Kachchh, hereby declare
(NITRA) have engaged Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd, accredited by QCI/NABET
(Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1619/RA 0040), as EIA Consultant for preparation of EIA Report.
The EIA Report has been prepared
SEIAA/GUJ/TOR/7(h)/851/2017 dated 28.09.2017
presented in the report is factually correct and that we own the contents (information and data)
of the EIA Report.
Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan
Dr. Ismail Mohmed Khatri(President)
REPORT FOR PROJECT FOR PROPOSED C.E.T.P AT AJRAKHPUR BLOCK
UNDERTAKING
Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan (AHVS), Project Proponent of the proposed
Plant at Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster, Village Ajrakhpur, Tehsil
, hereby declare that Northern India Textile Research Association
have engaged Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd, accredited by QCI/NABET
(Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1619/RA 0040), as EIA Consultant for preparation of EIA Report.
The EIA Report has been prepared in compliance with the Terms of Reference (vide ref no
SEIAA/GUJ/TOR/7(h)/851/2017 dated 28.09.2017). We hereby certify that the data/information
presented in the report is factually correct and that we own the contents (information and data)
Sangathan (AHVS)
BLOCK PRINTING CLUSTER
, Project Proponent of the proposed
Ajrakhpur, Tehsil
le Research Association
have engaged Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd, accredited by QCI/NABET
(Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1619/RA 0040), as EIA Consultant for preparation of EIA Report.
in compliance with the Terms of Reference (vide ref no
). We hereby certify that the data/information
presented in the report is factually correct and that we own the contents (information and data)
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TERMS OF REFERENCE
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Terms of Reference
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
The ‘Ajrakh’ block printing style is a traditional art & cultural heritage of Kutch. Government has
taken initiative to conserve and protect the artisans through development of different
infrastructure facilities to promote and boost up the textile activity in that locality.
Textile processing activity necessarily generates some effluent. The discharge of untreated
effluent creates surface water and ground water contamination and diminishes the supply of
good quality water which is a major concern in Kutch. Therefore, treatment as well as reuse or
recycling of water through effective Environmental Management System is a major exercise
sought-after for this cluster - famous for several centuries.
Keeping this in mind, Govt. of India through Handicraft Mega Cluster Mission (HMCM) proposed
to address this issue for the benefits of the small & tiny processors and the CETP project was
initiated and approached NITRA for establishment of CETP in Ajrakhpur Industrial Cluster.
Ajrakhpur is worldwide known for the art of Ajrakh Block Printing Style. Mostly natural dyes are
used in dyeing & printing which includes a mixture of camel dung, soda ash and castor oil, waste
iron, myrobalan, madder, indigo, pomegranate peel boiled in water, sprays of turmeric water,
root of rhubarb etc. These blocks printing styles are century old traditions being followed till
date.
Ajrakhpur industrial cluster (developed in 32 Acres area) is situated on approx. 16 km from Bhuj
city towards Bhuj-Bhachau Highway. Bhuj City has good connectivity of Bus and Rail Network
with other cities of Gujarat and India. The airport in Bhuj is also having connectivity with national
and international cities.
The present level of effluent discharge of all the processing units of the cluster is 150 m³/day
(KLD) for which there is a CETP proposed of 150KLD.
CATEGORY OF THE PROJECT
As per the EIA Notification 2006, the proponent needs to obtain the Environmental Clearance for
the proposed project for establishing CETP. Common Effluent Treatment Units (CETP) units are
listed at Serial no. 7(h) of the Schedule of EIA Notification of 14.09.2006 under Category ‘B’. No
General Conditions are applicable in the proposed project.
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT
Location Latitude: 23°13'53.11"N
Longitude: 69°47'41.35"E
CETP project is proposed at Common Plot No 1 of Survey No. 694
of Paddhar-Ajrakhpur Village.
Land Area Land area for proposed CETP is 1102.5 sq.m.
Screening Category 7(h), Category A as per EIA Notification 14th
Sep, 2006 and
amended thereof.
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Project Profile The CETP is proposed to treat around 150 KLD industrial effluents
from the industries located in Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster.
Cost of the Project Rs. 146 Lacs.
Resource Requirement
Source & Quantity of
Water
Proposed borewell (1Nos.) at site.
Power 40KW
Power Supplying
Agency
Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Ltd.
Power Backup 10 KVA – 1 Nos.
Man Power required Manpower required during Construction phase is 6 Nos.
Manpower required during operational phase is 4 Nos.
Environmental Management System
Effluent Treatment
Scheme
Proposed CETP is for the effluent treatment generated from Small
& tiny textile processing units who are engaged in this activity are
clustered around Ajrakhpur which is popularly known as ‘Ajrakhpur
Block Printing Cluster’.
TREATMENT SCHEME
The treatment scheme starts with the collection of process effluent and other domestic effluent
into an equalization tank after passing through an oil and grease trap. Due to rapid discharge,
the peak flow rate would be high which will be absorbed into the equalization tank of sufficient
storage capacity.
Before oil & grease trap the effluent will pass through Bar & Coarse screen which has to be
cleaned manually at regular intervals. The mixed effluent from equalization tank would then be
subjected to a physico-chemical treatment in a reaction tank having multiple chambers fitted
with agitators where Acid & Ferrous Sulphate dosing will be carried out followed by lime dosing
for PH enhancement. This leads to final precipitation of chromium and dye stuff materials which
gives effluent clarification.
Subsequently, it will be taken into a tube settler for settling of flocks through settling process.
The overflow from the settler-1 will be imparted an aerobic treatment for the reduction of
BOD/COD. Aerobic system will function on the principle of attached growth and suspended
model. This lowers BOD/COD load easily. It also partially removes color successfully through
bio-adsorption. The process is effective enough for handling peak load and easy for trouble-
shooting.
The effluent would now pass through a secondary clarifier for the separation of bio-mass and its
recycling as per design requirement in to the aeration tank. This reduces BOD/COD value of the
treated effluent to virtually a negligible level. Moreover, it removes foul smell, improves effluent
transparency, residual color etc. The system needs nutrient dosing of Nitrogen (N) & Phosphorus
(P) as per ratio BOD: N: P:100: 5: 1 to promote the bio-growth.
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The partially treated effluent will then pass through a series of reaction chambers for final
polishing through precipitation technique. The oxidation process would remove color more than
99%, improve transparency and make the effluent fit for subsequent polishing treatment. At this
stage, part of the effluent could be discharged into green belt as the treated effluent
characteristics would be meeting the statutory norms of the state pollution control board. For
recycling, the partly polished effluent will be passed through battery of conventional filters
consisting of multi-grade filter, iron filter in order to achieve cent percent transparency.
MANPOWER REQUIREMENT
Six number of people will be employed during the Construction phase and four number of people
will be employed during the operational phase.
EFFLUENT TRANSPORTATION
As mentioned earlier, there is a cluster of 49 textile units. The proposed CETP will be located at
the centre of the cluster. The individual unit will function only in single shift operation basis which
increases the peak discharge reasonably higher than the average discharge flow rate if it
operates on 24 hours basis.
The effluent discharge from the participating units will be taken to the CETP site through 150 mm
dia. PVC Pipe, already laid down. The distance from the nearest unit is 40 meters and 350 meters
length is used to take the effluent from furthest unit.
Following are the special provisions made in conveyance system to protect the environment from
any malfunction and for smooth conductance.
• Effluent will be transported through pipeline system for each unit to CETP
• Proper inspection will be carried out
• Cleaning of pipeline will be carried out as per requirement
• The routine monitoring of pipeline shall be carried out.
EXISTING ENVIRONMENT
Existing environmental scenario has been described for the specific environmental components
as delineated in TOR for the study area of CETP.
The baseline study was conducted during period (Mid-September 2017 – Mid December 2017).
AIR ENVIRONMENT
The results of the air environment carried out is given below:
Parameter Minimum
Value (µg/m3
) Location
Maximum
Value (µg/m3
) Location
PM2.5 17.2 Kukma 28.98 Ler
PM10 49.11 Kukma 72.12 Vadvara
NO2 8.46 Reldi Moti 16.16 Vadvara
SO2 6.37 Kukma 10.31 Ler
O3 3.39 Vadvara 6.83 Vadvara
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In all cases, the 24-hourly average levels of SO2 and NO2 were observed to be within the limit of
80 µg/m3
for residential, rural & other areas as stipulated in the National Ambient Air Quality
Standards. Also, in all cases, the PM2.5 levels were within the corresponding permissible limit
of 60 µg/m3
. As well as PM10 level were within the corresponding permissible limit 100 µg/m3
as
stipulated NAAQS.
WATER ENVIRONMENT
Surface Water : The pH recorded for surface water at Village Paddhar is 7.73 and the pH of the
surface water at Village Kukma is 7.4. The Total dissolved solid varied from 1619-1719 mg/l,
Calcium was found between 18mg/l at village Kukma and 20mg/l at village Paddhar, Chloride
was found 499mg/l and 487mg/l respectively. In comparison, the Suphate (SO4) was found
higher in Village Padhar i.e. 147mg/l and Nitrate(NO3) was found higher in Village Kukma
i.e.1.39mg/l.
Ground Water: The analysis results indicate the pH ranges in between 7.63 to 7.75, Village
Kukma & Village Lakhond respectively. Total hardness was observed to be ranging from 297 to
598 mg/l. Chloride was found to be in the range of 230.2 to 458.68 mg/l.
SOIL ENVIRONMENT
A. Soil reaction (pH): The nutritional importance of pH is illustrated, thus hydrogen ion
concentration has influence not only on, solubility of nutrients, but also upon facility with which
these nutrients are absorbed by plants, even already in soil solution for e.g. Fe, Mn and Zn
become less available as pH rises from to 6.92 to 8.62 indicating soil is slightly alkaline.
B. Electrical conductivity (EC): The salt content of the soils are estimated by EC measurements,
and is useful to designate soils as normal or sodic (saline). Electrical conductivity is expressed
as µmhos/cm at 25°C, or mmhos/cm. The EC of eight soil samples is between 2.69 to 3.89
mmhos/cm and are below the limits to be called as saline or salt affected and hence the soils
are normal for crop growth.
NOISE ENVIRONMENT
It was observed that the noise levels both during day time and night time are found within the
desirable limits.
BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
➢ Detailed study has been conducted within the study area of 10 km to describe the
biological environment surrounding the CETP with specific reference to type of crops,
floral and faunal diversity, endangered species etc.
➢ There are no National Parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, Reserved & Protected forests with the
periphery of 10 km buffer zone from the project site.
➢ List of Flora & fauna has been incorporated in chapter-3.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT:
The total Household in 22 villages are 6,550 and the total population is 30,036. The male
population is 51% and female population is 48.88%. Kukma has the highest population followed
by Padhar and Bhujodi and Nava Vas has no population followed by Vavdi, only 3 households
of 21 peoples.
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Literacy rate is around 61% which is considerably lower than the overall state figure which is
79.31%. The Schedule Caste population is 15.17%.The Schedule Tribe community found in
these villages is very less only 0.72%. There are few villages where no schedule caste or
schedule tribe population. The population, below six year is 14.74%. Total working population is
concerned 34.97%. Population is considered as main worker is 31%and Non worker is
65%whereas marginal worker considered 3.94% within study area.
LANDUSE PATTERNS:
➢ The villages situated within the 10 km radius of the proposed site have been considered
for the study of the land use pattern.
➢ Landuse pattern reveals that 29.63% land of the study area is Agricultural land whereas
the Built up Land is 4.57%, Fallow Land is 36.91%, mining area is 1.78%, Water bodies
are 0.71 %, Forest area/hill/shrubs are 26.7%.
IMPACT ASSESSMENTS
Based on the project design details provided by proponent, data collected to describe the
existing environmental scenario and to satisfy the requirements of TOR, the impacts have been
identified and assessed.
BUDGETORY PROVISIONS FOR EMP
Adequate budgetary provisions have been made by the management for execution of
environmental management plans. Total capital cost for environmental pollution control
measures would be Rs. 11 Lacs and recurring cost per annum would be Rs. 3 lacs. Budget
earmarked for pollution control/ monitoring equipment; operation and maintenance of pollution
control facilities, greenbelt development and maintenance.
Allocation of Budget for Environment Management Plan
S.No. Activity Capital Cost
(Rs. in Lakhs)
Operating Cost
(Rs. in Lakhs/ Year)
1. Air Pollution Control Measures 1.5 0.5
2. Solid/ Hazardous Waste
Management 2 1
3. Green Belt Development -- 0.5
4. Occupational Health & Safety 0.5 0.2
5.
Ambient Air, Soil, Noise, Water
Quality monitoring, Laboratory
equipments etc.
7 0.8
Total 11 3
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
As the part of the corporate social responsibility, the following budget has been considered for
its implementation as contribution towards social development.
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Corporate Social Responsibility
Sr.
No. Activities Details
Total Amount
(in Lakhs)
1. Health Care Checkup Health care checkup of
nearby Villagers. 0.5
2. Development of Schools Necessary maintenance 0.5
Total 1
Note: The organization shall earmark the fund of Rs.1 lakh for the CSR. This Fund shall be
utilized over a period of 3 years.
10 OBSERVATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
(A) WATER:
➢ The plant will have treatment consisting of physical, chemical, biological, conventional
filtration & tertiary treatment units with sludge handling facility
➢ Treated water will be used for horticulture & agricultural purpose to meet the ecofriendly
system.
(B) AIR:
➢ Dust emission during construction & emission will be controlled, operation of DG set will
be there in case of failure of power.
(C) LAND:
➢ The change in landuse pattern is not in conflict with any present and/or future use of the
land.
➢ The overburden and construction waste will be reused as early as possible in the
construction and for land filling during land-scaping of project site.
(D) BIOLOGICAL:
➢ There are no notified ecological sensitive locations, migratory paths, sanctuaries etc.
within the study area.
➢ The proposed project does not envisage any destruction or displacement of any
endemic faunal species.
➢ Green belt/plantation will be developed around the CETP.
(E) OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY:
➢ As the operation of CETP involves handling and use of chemicals such as Lime, Ferrous
sulphate, Poly electrolyte, Urea, DAP etc. the safety of workers invites safety
considerations.
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કાર્યકારી સારાાંશ (EXECUTIVE SUMMARY)
• પરરચર્ (Introduction) : - 'અઝરખ' બ્લોક પ્રિન્ટિંગ શૈલી કચ્છની પરંપરાગત કલા અને સાસં્કૃપ્રતક વારસો છે. સરકારે સ્થાપ્રનક
પ્રવસ્તારની ટેક્સટાઇલ િવપૃ્રિને ઉિેજન અને િોત્સાહન આપવા માટે પ્રવપ્રવધ આંતરમાળખાકીય
સપુ્રવધાઓના પ્રવકાસ દ્વારા કસબીઓના સરંક્ષણ અને રક્ષણ માટે પહલે કરી છે.
ટેક્સટાઇલ િક્રિયાની િવપૃ્રિમા ંકેટલાક િદૂપ્રિત પાણી (effluent) ઉત્પન્ન થાય છે. નકામા િદૂપ્રિત પાણી
ના િવાહનુ ંપ્રવસર્જન સપાટી પરના જળ િદૂિણનુ ંસર્જન કરે છે અને કચ્છમા ંએક મખુ્ય ચ િંતા છે, જે
સારા ગણુવિાવાળા પાણીની પરુવઠાને ઘટાડે છે. તેથી, અસરકારક પયાાવરણીય િબધંન વ્યવસ્થા
દ્વારા પાણીના પનુઃઉપયોગ અથવા ક્રરસાયકક્લિંગનો સમાવેશ થાય એ આ ક્લસ્ટર માટે પછીથી
માગંવામા ંઆવતી મખુ્ય કવાયત છે - ઘણી સદીઓ માટે િપ્રસદ્ધ છે.
આને ધ્યાનમા ંરાખીને, સરકાર હને્ડિાફ્ટ મેગા ક્લસ્ટર પ્રમશન (એ એમસીએમ) દ્વારા ભારતના
નાના અન ેનાના િોસેસરોના ફાયદા માટે આ મદુ્દાને સબંોપ્રધત કરવાની દરખાસ્ત કરવામા ંઆવી
હતી અન ે સીઇટીપી િોજેક્ટ શરૂ કરવામા ંઆવ્યો છે અને અઝરખપરુ ઇ્ડનસ્િયલ ક્લસ્ટરમા ં
સીઇટીપીની સ્થાપના માટે નીિાનો સપંકા કયો હતો. જયા ંઅઝરખપરુની બ્લોક પ્રિન્ટિંગ ની કળા
પ્રવશ્વભરમા ંજાણીતી છે. મોટેભાગે કુદરતી રંગોનો ઉપયોગ ડાઇંગ અને પ્રિન્ટિંગમા ંથાય છે જેમા ંઊંટના
છાણ, સોડા એશ અને એરંડ તેલ, ક રો લોખડં, મગૃાલીન, મક્રદરા, ગળી, દાડમ, પાણીમા ંબાફેલા છાલ,
હળદરનુ ંપાણી, રેવ ંીનુ ંમળૂ વગેરેનુ ંપ્રમશ્રણ વગેરેનો સમાવેશ થાય છે. આ બ્લોક્સ પ્રિન્ટિંગ શૈલીઓ
આજે પણ જૂની પરંપરાઓ અનસુરી રહી છે.
અઝરખપરુ ઔદ્યોચગક ક્લસ્ટર (આશરે 32 એકર પ્રવસ્તારમા ંપ્રવકપ્રસત) આશરે લગભગ ભજુ શહરેથી 16
ક્રકમી દૂર ભજૂ- ભ ાઉ હાઇવે. પર આવેલુ ંછે. ભજુ શહરેમા ંગજુરાત અને ભારતના અ્ય શહરેો સાથ ે
બસ અન ેરેલ નેટવકાની સારી કનનેક્ટપ્રવટી છે. ભજુ એરપોટા પણ રાષ્ટ્િીય અન ેઆંતરરાષ્ટ્િીય શહરેો
સાથ ેજોડાણ ધરાવે છે.
ક્લસ્ટરના તમામ િોસેપ્રસિંગ યપુ્રનટ્સના િવાહનો વતામાન સ્તર 150 m³ / day (KLD) છે, જેના માટે
150KLD ની સીઈટીપી દરખાસ્ત છે.
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• પ્રોજેક્ટના કેટેગરી (Category of project): - ઈઆઇએ (EIA) સ ૂના 2006 મજુબ, િસ્તાવકતાાને સીઇટીપી સ્થાપવા માટે સચૂ ત િોજેક્ટ માટે
પયાાવરણીય કક્લયર્સ મેળવવાની જરૂર છે. સામા્ય િદૂપ્રિત પાણી િીટમે્ ટ યપુ્રનટ (સીઇટીપી)
એકમો પ્રસક્રરયલ ન.ં કેટેગરી 'બી' હઠેળ ઈઆઇએ (EIA) સ ૂના 2006 ના જાહરેનામાની સચૂ ની
7 (એ ) મા આવો છે. એ મજુબ સચૂ ત િોજેક્ટમા ંકોઈ સામા્ય શરતો લાગ ુનથી.
• પ્રોજેક્ટના મખુ્ર્ લક્ષણો (Salient features of the project) : - સ્થાન અક્ષાશં- 23°13'53.11"N
રેખાશં- 69°47'41.35"E
સીઇટીપી િોજેક્ટની દરખાસ્ત પદ્ધર - અઝરખપરુ ગામના સામા્ય પ્લોટ ન.ં 1 ના સવે ન.ં 694 મા ંકરવામા ંઆવી છે.
જમીનનુ ંક્ષેત્રફળ સચૂ ત સીઇટીપી માટે જમીન પ્રવસ્તાર 1102.5 ોરસ મીટર છે.
કેટેગરી સ્િીનીંગ 7 (એ ), કેટેગરી 'બી' ઇઆઇએ સ ૂન 14 સેસ, 2006 મજુબ. િોજેક્ટની ક્રકિંમત રૂ. 146 લાખ
રરસોસયની આવશ્ર્કતા:(Resource requirement)
સ્રોત અને પાણીની માત્રા સાઇટ પર સચૂ ત બોરવેલ (1 ન)ં પાવર 40 KW પાવર સપ્લાય એજ્સી પપ્રિમ ગજુરાત વીજ કંપની ચલપ્રમટેડ પાવર બેકઅપ 10 કેવીએ - 1 નબંર મેન પાવરની આવશ્યકતા બાધંકામ તબક્કા દરમ્યાન જરૂરી માનવશક્ક્ત 6 છે.
ઓપરેશનલ તબક્કા દરપ્રમયાન જરૂરી માનવશક્ક્ત 4 છે.
પર્ાયવરણીર્ સાંચાલન સસસ્ટમ:(Environmental Management System)
િદૂપ્રિત પાણી ઉપ ાર સારવાર યોજના અઝરખપરુની બ્લોક પ્રિન્ટિંગ કલા પ્રવશ્વભરમા ંજાણીતી છે અને આસપાસ ક્લસ્ટર ના િવપૃ્રિમા ં રોકાયેલા નાના અન ેનાના કાપડ િોસેપ્રસિંગ યપુ્રનટમાથંી પેદા કરવામા ંઆવતી િદૂપ્રિત પાણી ના સારવાર માટે, આ સીઇટીપી િસ્તાપ્રવત છે.
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• સારવાર ર્ોજના (Treatment Scheme): - સારવાર યોજના િદૂપ્રિત પાણી અને અ્ય સ્થાપ્રનક િદૂપ્રિત પાણી તેલ અને ગ્રીસ િેપ માથંી
પસાર થયા પછી સમતલુન ટાકંીમા ંસગં્રહ કરી શરૂ થાય છે ઝડપી પ્રવસર્જનન ેલીધે, પીક ફ્લો
દર ઊં ી હશ ેજે પરૂતી સગં્રહ ક્ષમતાના સમતલુન ટાકંીમા ંસમાઈ જશે.
તેલ અને ગ્રીસ િેપ પહલેા ંિદૂપ્રિત પાણી બાર અન ેઅસ્પષ્ટ્ટ સ્િીનમાથંી પસાર થશે જે પ્રનયપ્રમત
સમયાતંરે જાત ેજ સાફ કરાય છે પછી સમતલુન ટાકંીમાથંી પ્રમપ્રશ્રત િદૂપ્રિત પાણી િપ્રતક્રિયા
ટાકંીમા ં ભૌપ્રતક-રાસાયચણક સારવારને આધીન રહશેે જેમા ં મલ્ટીપલ ેમ્બર
ળવળકારો(Agitators) સાથે ફીટ કરવામા ંઆવશ ેજેમા ંPH વધારવા માટે એપ્રસડ અને ફેરસ
સલ્ફેટ ડોચઝિંગ કરવામા ંઆવશે ત્યારબાદ ચનૂો ડોચઝિંગ કરવામા ંઆવશે. જે િોપ્રમયમ અને રંગ
સામગ્રીની અંપ્રતમ વરસાદ(precipitation) તરફ દોરી જાય છે જે િદૂપ્રિત પાણી સ્પષ્ટ્ટતા આપે છે.
ત્યાર બાદ, તે પતાવટ િક્રિયા(Settling Process) મારફ તે ઘેટા ંપતાવટ(settling of flocks) કરી
તે ટયબુ વસાહતીમા(ંtube settler) લેવામા ંઆવશે. વસાહતી -1(settler-1 ) ના ઓવરફ્લોના
બી.ઓ.ડી..(BOD) / સી.ઓ.ડી.(COD) ઘટાડા માટે એરોચબક સારવાર આપવામા ં આવશે.
ઍરોચબક પ્રસસ્ટમ સલંગ્ન વદૃ્ધદ્ધ અને પ્રનલચંબત મોડેલના પ્રસદ્ધાતં પર કાયા કરશ.ે. આ
બી.ઓ.ડી..(BOD) / સી.ઓ.ડી.(COD) ભાર સરળતાથી ઘટાડે છે. તે બાયો શોિણ મારફતે પણ
આંપ્રશક રૂપે રંગને દૂર કરે છે. પીક લોડન ેસભંાળવા અને મશુ્કેલી-શકૂ્રટિંગ માટે સરળતા માટે આ
િક્રિયા ખબૂ જ અસરકારક છે.
હવ ેિદૂપ્રિત પાણી વાયપુ્રમશ્રણ ટાકંીમા(ંaeration tank) ક્રડઝાઇન જરૂક્રરયાત મજુબ. બાયો-સામકૂ્રહક અન ેતેના ક્રરસાયકક્લિંગને અલગ કરવા માટે માધ્યપ્રમક સ્પષ્ટ્ટતા(secondary clarifier) માથંી પસાર થશે. આનાથી િક્રિયા થયેલ િદૂપ્રિત પાણી ના બી.ઓ.ડી..(BOD) / સી.ઓ.ડી.(COD) મલૂ્યન ેલગભગ નજીવુ ંસ્તર સધુી ઘટાડ ેછે. વધમુા,ં તે ખરાબ ગધં દૂર કરે છે, િદૂપ્રિત પાણી પારદપ્રશિતા, શેિ રંગ વગેરે સધુારે છે. બાયો-વદૃ્ધદ્ધને િોત્સાહન આપવા માટે આ રેપ્રશયો િમાણ ે
બીઓડી:એન:પી: 100: 5:1. પ્રસસ્ટમને નાઇિોજન (એન) ના અને ફોસ્ફરસ (પી) ના પોિક ડોચઝિંગ
જરૂર છે.
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ત્યાર પછી વરસાદ(precipitation) ટેકપ્રનક મારફતે અંપ્રતમ પોચલપ્રશિંગ માટે.આંપ્રશક રીતે સારવાર
કરાયેલ િદૂપ્રિત પાણી િપ્રતક્રિયા ેમ્બસાની શ્રેણી મારફતે જશે. ઓક્ક્સડેશન િક્રિયા 99% થી વધ ુ
રંગને દૂર કરશ,ે પારદપ્રશિતામા ંસધુારો કરશ ેઅને અનગુામી પોચલપ્રશિંગ સારવાર માટે િદૂપ્રિત
પાણી ક્રફટ કરશ.ે. આ તબકે્ક િદૂપ્રિત પાણીનો ભાગ સારવાર કરાયેલ િદૂપ્રિત પાણી તરીકે ગ્રીન
બેલ્ટમા ંપ્રવસર્જર્જત કરી શકાય છે જેની લાક્ષચણકતાઓ રાજયના િદૂિણ પ્રનયતં્રણ બોડાના વૈધાપ્રનક
પ્રનયમોનુ ંપાલન કરશ.ે ક્રરસાયકક્લિંગ માટે, સારવાર કરાયેલ િદૂપ્રિત પાણી પરંપરાગત ગાળકોની
બેટરી મારફતે પસાર થશે, જેમા ંમનલ્ટ-ગ્રેડ ક્રફલ્ટર, લોખડં ક્રફલ્ટરનો સમાવેશ થાય છે જેથી 100%
પારદપ્રશિતા િાપ્ત થાય. પછીથી, તે કારતસૂ ક્રફલ્ટસા શ્રેણી મારફતે લેવામા ંઆવશે.
• મેન પાવરની આવશ્ર્કતા (Manpower Requirement): - બાધંકામ તબક્કા દરમ્યાન જરૂરી માનવશક્ક્ત 6 છે.ઓપરેશનલ તબક્કા દરપ્રમયાન જરૂરી
માનવશક્ક્ત 4 છે.
• પ્રદૂસિત પાણી પરરવહન (Effluent transportation): - અગાઉ સ ૂવ્યા મજુબ 49 ટેક્સટાઇલ યપુ્રનટ્સનુ ંક્લસ્ટર છે. સચૂ ત સીઈટીપી ક્લસ્ટરના કે્રમા ં
ક્સ્થત થયેલ હશ.ે. વ્યક્ક્તગત એકમ માત્ર એક પ્રશફ્ટ ઓપરેશનના આધારે કાયા કરશે, જે સરેરાશ
ક્રડસ્ ાર્જ ફ્લો રેટ કરતા ંજો તે 24 કલાકના ધોરણે કામ કરે તો તેનાથી પ્રશખર ક્રડસ્ ાર્જ વધશે.
સહભાગી એકમોમાથંી િદૂપ્રિત પાણી ક્રડસ્ ાર્જ સીઇટીપી સાઇટ પર 150 mm dia. ની પીવીસી
પાઇપ, દ્વારા લઈ જશે. નજીકના એકમ(unit) નુ ંઅંતર 40 મીટર અને 350 મીટરની લબંાઈ
સદૂુરવતી એકમ (unit) મા ંછે
વાતાવરણને કોઈ ખામીમાથંી અન ે સરળ વહન માટેના સરંક્ષણ માટે વાહન વ્યવસ્થામા ં
બનાવવામા ંઆવેલી પ્રવશિે જોગવાઈઓ છે.
1. િદૂપ્રિત પાણી દરેક એકમથી(unit) સીઇટીપી માટે પાઇપલાઇન પ્રસસ્ટમ દ્વારા પક્રરવહન
કરવામા ંઆવશે.
2. યોગ્ય પ્રનરીક્ષણ હાથ ધરવામા ંઆવશે.
3. જરૂક્રરયાત મજુબ પાઇપલાઇનની સફાઈ કરવામા ંઆવશે.
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4. પાઇપલાઇનનુ ંપ્રનયપ્રમત મોનીટરીંગ હાથ ધરવામા ંઆવશે.
• હાલના પર્ાયવરણ (Existing Environment): - સીઇટીપીના અભ્યાસના પ્રવસ્તાર માટે TOR મા ંદશાાવવામા ંઆવેલ ોક્કસ પયાાવરણીય ઘટકો માટે
હાલના પયાાવરણીય પક્રરક્સ્થપ્રતનુ ંવણાન કરવામા ંઆવ્યુ ંછે.
બેઝલાઇન અભ્યાસ એ સમયગાળા દરપ્રમયાન હાથ ધરવામા ંઆવ્યો હતો (મધ્ય-સપ્ટેમ્બર 2017 -
મધ્ય ક્રડસેમ્બર 2017).
➢ એર પર્ાયવરણ (Air Environment): - હવામા ંવાતાવરણના પક્રરણામો ની ેઆપેલ છે:
પેરામીટર ન્યનૂતમ વેલ્ય ુ
(μg / m3)
સ્થાન મહત્તમ મલૂ્ર્ (μg / m3)
સ્થાન
PM2.5 17.2 કુકમા 28.98 લેર PM10 49.11 કુકમા 72.12 વડવરા NO2 8.46 રેલ્ડી
મોતી 16.16 વડવરા
SO2 6.37 કુકમા 10.31 લેર O3 3.39 વડવરા 6.83 વડવરા
તમામ કેસોમા,ં રાષ્ટ્િીય એકમ્બય્ટ એર ક્વોચલટી સ્ટા્ડર્ડાસમા ંનક્કી કરાયલેા રહણેાકં, ગ્રામીણ અને
અ્ય પ્રવસ્તારો માટે SO2 અને NO2 નો 24 કલાકનો સરેરાશ સ્તર 80 μg / m3 ની મયાાદામા ં
જોવા મળ્યો હતો. ઉપરાતં, તમામ કેસોમા,ં PM2.5 નુ ં સ્તર 60 μg / m3 ની અનરુૂપ સ્વીકૃત
મયાાદામા ંહત ુ.ં તેમજ PM10 સ્તર અનરુૂપ અનમુપ્રત મયાાદામા ં100 μg / m3 as પ્રનપ્રિત NAAQS
ની અંદર હતા.
➢ પાણી પર્ાયવરણ (Water Environment) : -
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• સપાટીનુાં પાણી: ગામ પઢર ખાતે સપાટી પરના પાણી માટે પી.એ . (PH) 7.73 છે અને
ગામ કુક્મામા ંસપાટીનુ ંપીએ (PH) 7.4 છે. 1619-1719 mg/l કુલ ઓગળેલ ઘન પ્રવપ્રવધ,
ગ્રામ કુક્મામા ં18 mg/l અન ેગ્રામ પધરમા ં20 mg/l વચ્ ે મળી આવ્યો, ક્લોરાઇડને અનિુમે
499 mg/l અને 487 mg/l મળી આવ્યો. તેની તલુનામા,ં ગામ પધરમા ંસફુ્ટે (SO4)
ઉચ્ તર જોવા મળી છે એટલ ેકે 147 એમજી / એલ અને નાઈિેટ (NO3) ગામ કુક્મા મા ં
ઉચ્ તર જોવા મળી છે એટલ ેકે 1.19 mg/l.
• ભગૂર્ય જળ: પ્રવશ્લેિણના પક્રરણામો અનિુમે 7.63 થી 7.75, ગામ કુક્મા અને ગામ લાખોંદ
વચ્ ે પીએ રે્જ દશાાવે છે. કુલ કક્રઠનતા 297 થી 598 mg/l સધુીની હોવાનુ ંજણાયુ ંહત ુ.ં
ક્લોરાઇડ 230.2 થી 458.68 mg/l ની શ્રેણીમા ંજોવા મળ્યુ ંહત ુ.ં
➢ માટી પર્ાયવરણ(Soil Environment) : - A. માટી પ્રસતરિર્ા (PH): પીએ નુ ંપોિણ મહત્વ સચ ત્ર છે, તેથી હાઈડ્રોજન આયન સારંતા
માત્ર પોિક તત્ત્વોની રાવ્યતા પર જ નહીં પરંત ુસપુ્રવધા દ્વારા પણ, જેના દ્વારા આ પોિક
તત્ત્વો છોડ દ્વારા શોિાય છે, તે પહલેાથી જ માટી ઉકેલ માટે છે. Fe,Mn and Zn ઓછ ં
થઈ જાય છે કારણકે પીએ 6.9 થી 8.62 સધુી વધે છે અને સ ૂવે છે કે માટી સહજે
આલ્કલાઇન છે.
B. સવદ્યતુ વાહકતા (EC): જમીનની મીઠું સામગ્રી EC માપણી દ્વારા અંદાજ છે, અને સામા્ય
અથવા sodic (ખારા) તરીકે જમીન ર ના કરવા માટે ઉપયોગી છે. પ્રવદ્યતુ વાહકતા 25
° સે, અથવા µmhos/cm પર μmhos/cm તરીકે વ્યક્ત કરવામા ંઆવે છે. આઠ માટીના
નમનૂાઓનુ ંEC 2.69 to 3.89 μmhos/cm ની વચ્ ે હોય છે અને તે ખારા અથવા મીઠાન ે
અસરગ્રસ્ત કહવેાય છે અને તેથી પાકની વદૃ્ધદ્ધ માટે માટી સામા્ય છે.
➢ અવાજ પર્ાયવરણ (Noise Environment) : - એવુ ંજોવામા ંઆવ્યુ ંહત ુ ંકે ક્રદવસના સમય અને
રાતના સમયે અવાજ સ્તર બનંે ઇચ્છનીય મયાાદાની અંદર જોવા મળે છે.
• બાર્ોલોજીકલ પર્ાયવરણ (Biological Environment) : -
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➢ પાકોના િકાર, ફ્લોરલ અને ફીનલ ડાયવપ્રસિટી, લપુ્તિાયઃ િજાપ્રત વગેરેના ોક્કસ સદંભા સાથ ે
સીઇટીપીની આજુબાજુના ં જૈપ્રવક વાતાવરણનુ ં (Biological Environment) વણાન કરવા 10
ક્રક.મીના અભ્યાસના પ્રવસ્તારની (Study area) અંદર પ્રવગતવાર અભ્યાસ હાથ ધરવામા ંઆવ્યો
છે.
➢ િોજેક્ટ સાઇટમાથંી 10 ક્રકલોમીટરના બફર ઝોનની સીમા સાથે નેશનલ પાકાસ, વ્યજીવન
અભયારણ્ય, અનામત અને સરંચક્ષત જગંલો નથી.
➢ ફ્લોરા અને િાણીસનૃષ્ટ્ટની સચૂ અધ્યાય -3 મા ંસામેલ કરવામા ંઆવી છે.
• સોસાર્ટી-ઇકોનોસમક એન્વાર્નયમેન્ટ (Socio-Economical Environment) : - 22 ગામોમા ંકુલ ઘરેલુ ં6,550 છે અને કુલ વસ્તી 30,036 છે. જેમા ંપરુૂિ વસ્તી 51% છે અન ે
સ્ત્રીની વસતી 48.88% છે. કુક્મા સૌથી વધ ુવસ્તી ધરાવે છે ત્યારબાદ પઢાર અને ભજુોક્રડ અન ે
નવા વાસની વસ્તી ત્યારબાદ વવડી, 21 લોકોની માત્ર 3 પક્રરવારો છે.
સાક્ષરતા દર લગભગ 61% છે, જે સમગ્ર રાજયના આંકડા કરતા ંનોંધપાત્ર રીતે ની ો છે જે 79.31%. અનસુચૂ ત જાપ્રતની વસ્તી 15.17% છે. આ ગામડાઓમા ંમળેલ સપુ્રનપ્રિત જનજાપ્રતનુ ંસમદુાય માત્ર 0.72% ઓછ ંછે. ત્યા ંકેટલાક ગામો છે જયા ંકોઈ સચૂ જાપ્રત અથવા સચૂ આક્રદજાપ્રત વસ્તી નથી. વસ્તી, છ વિાની ની ે14.74% છે. કુલ કામ કરતા લોકોની સખં્યા 34.97% છે. વસ્તીને ગણવામા ંઆવે છે કે મખુ્ય કાયાકર 31% છે અને ચબન કાયાકર 65% છે, જયારે અભ્યાસ પ્રવસ્તારની અંદર મધ્યવતી કાયાકરો 3.94% ગણાય છે.
• જમીન ઉપર્ોગનો પેટનય (Landuse Pattern) : -
➢ લે્ડ યઝુ પેટનાના અભ્યાસ માટે સચૂ ત સાઇટના 10 ક્રક.મી.ના પ્રત્રજયામા ંઆવેલા ગામો લે્ડ યઝુ પેટનાના અભ્યાસ માટે ગણવામા ંઆવે છે.
➢ લે્ડ યઝુ પેટના દશાાવે છે કે અભ્યાસના પ્રવસ્તારની 29.63% જમીન કૃપ્રિ જમીન છે. જયા ચબલ્ટ અપ લે્ડ 4.57% છે, ફોલો લે્ડ 36.91% છે, ખાણ ક્ષેત્રનો પ્રવસ્તાર 1.78% છે, જળ શણગાર 0.71% છે, જગંલ પ્રવસ્તાર / ટેકરી / ઝાડીઓ 26.7% છે.
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• અસર આકારણી (Impact Assessments): - િવક્તા દ્વારા િદાન કરેલ િોજેક્ટ ક્રડઝાઇન
પ્રવગતોના આધારે હાલના પયાાવરણીય પક્રરક્સ્થપ્રતનુ ંવણાન કરવા અન ે ToR ની જરૂક્રરયાતોન ેસતંોિવા માટે એકપ્રત્રત કરવામા ંઆવેલી માક્રહતી, અસરની ઓળખ અને આકારણી કરવામા ંઆવી છે.
• EMP માટેના બજેટની જોગવાઈઓ (Budgetory provisions for EMP): - પયાાવરણીય સ ંાલન
યોજનાઓના અમલીકરણ માટે મેનેજમે્ટ દ્વારા પરૂતા અંદાજપત્રીય જોગવાઈઓ કરવામા ંઆવી છે. પયાાવરણીય િદૂિણ પ્રનયતં્રણના પગલાનંી કુલ મડૂીનો ખ ા રૂ. 11 લાખ અને ક્રરકક્રરિંગ ખ ા વાપ્રિિક રૂ. 3 લાખ હશ.ે િદૂિણ પ્રનયતં્રણ / પ્રનરીક્ષણ સાધનો; િદૂિણ પ્રનયતં્રણ સપુ્રવધાઓનુ ંસ ંાલન અને જાળવણી, ગ્રીનબેલ્ટ પ્રવકાસ અને જાળવણી. માટે બજેટનુ ંઆયોજન.
િમ નાં. પ્રવસૃત્ત કેસપટલ કોસ્ટ (રૂ. લાખ)
સાંચાલન ખચય (રૂ. લાખ / વિયમાાં)
1. વાય ુિદૂિણ પ્રનયતં્રણના ંપગલા ં 1.5 0.5 2. ઘન / જોખમી વેસ્ટ મેનેજમે્ટ 2 1 3. ગ્રીન બેલ્ટ ડેવલપમે્ટ -- 0.5 4. વ્યવસાય આરોગ્ય અને સલામતી 0.5 0.2 5. એકમ્બય્ટ એર, માટી, ઘોંઘાટ, પાણીની
ગણુવિાની દેખરેખ, લેબોરેટરી સાધનો વગેરે.
7 0.8
કુલ 11 3
• કોપોરેટ સામાજજક જવાબદારી (Corporate Social Responsibility) : - કોપોરેટ સામાર્જજક જવાબદારીના ભાગરૂપ,ે સામાર્જજક પ્રવકાસમા ંયોગદાન તરીકે તેના બજેટન ે
અમલમા ંમકૂવા માટે ગણવામા ંઆવે છે.
િમ નાં. પ્રવસૃત્ત સવગતો કુલ રકમ (લાખમાાં)
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1. હલે્થ કેર ેકઅપ કામદારો અને નજીકના ગ્રામવાસીઓ માટે આરોગ્ય સભંાળ તપાસ
0.5
2. શાળાઓનો પ્રવકાસ
જરૂરી જાળવણી 0.5
કુલ 1 નોંધ: કંપની સીએસઆર માટે રૂ. 1 લાખ કરશે. આ ફંડનો ઉપયોગ 3 વિા સધુીમા ંકરવામા ંઆવશે.
• સનરીક્ષણો અને સમાપન (Observations & Conclusions) : - (અ) પાણી (Water) :
➢ આ પ્લા્ટમા ંશારીક્રરક, રાસાયચણક, જૈપ્રવક, પરંપરાગત ગાળણ અને તતૃીયાશં સારવાર
એકમ સાથે ક રા હે્ ડચલિંગ સપુ્રવધા ધરાવતી સારવાર હશ.ે
➢ પયાાવરણપ્રમત્ર એવી વ્યવસ્થાને પહોં ી વળવા માટે બાગાયત અને કૃપ્રિ હતે ુમાટે સારવાર
કરેલ પાણીનો ઉપયોગ કરવામા ંઆવશે.
(બ) હવા (Air) :
➢ બાધંકામ અને ઉત્સર્જન દરપ્રમયાન ડસ્ટ િદૂિણ પ્રનયપં્રત્રત કરવામા ં આવશે, પાવરની
પ્રનષ્ટ્ફળતાના ક્રકસ્સામા ંડીજી સેટનો ઓપરેશન હશે.
(ક) જમીન (Land) :
➢ ભપૂ્રમગત પેટનામા ં ફેરફાર જમીનના કોઈ પણ હાજર અને / અથવા ભપ્રવષ્ટ્યના ઉપયોગ સાથ ે
સઘંિામા ંનથી.
➢ ઓવરબડા અને બાધંકામના ક રાના બાધંકામમા ં શક્ય તેટલી વહલેી તકે પનુ: ઉપયોગ
કરવામા ંઆવશે અને િોજેક્ટ સાઇટની ભપૂ્રમ-સ્કાપ્રપિંગ દરપ્રમયાન ભરીને જમીન.
(ડ) બાર્ોલોજજકલ (Biological):
➢ અભ્યાસ પ્રવસ્તારમા ં કોઈ સચૂ ત ઇકોલોજીકલ સવંેદનશીલ સ્થળો, સ્થળાતંક્રરત પાથ,
અભયારણ્ય વગેરે નથી.
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➢ િસ્તાપ્રવત યોજના કોઈ પણ સ્થાપ્રનક િાણીસનૃષ્ટ્ટની િજાપ્રતઓના પ્રવનાશ અથવા પ્રવસ્થાપનની
કલ્પના કરત ુ ંનથી.
➢ સીઇટીપીની આસપાસ ગ્રીન બેલ્ટ / પ્લા્ટેશન પ્રવકસાવવામા ંઆવશે.
• વ્ર્વસાર્ આરોગ્ર્ અને સલામતી (Occupational health & safety):
➢ સીઇટીપીના સ ંાલનમા ંચનૂો, ફેરસ સલ્ફેટ, પોલી ઇલેક્િોલાઈટ, યકુ્રરયા, ડીએપી વગેરે જેવા
કેપ્રમકલ્સનો હે્ ડચલિંગ અને ઉપયોગનો સમાવેશ થાય છે. કામદારોની સલામતીથી સરુક્ષા
બાબતોન ેઆમપં્રત્રત કરવામા ંઆવે છે.
**********
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
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1 Introduction
Background
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and
mitigating the biophysical, social, and other relevant effects of development proposals prior to
major decisions being taken and commitments made. These studies integrate the environmental
concerns of developmental activities in to the process of decision-making. In order to minimize
environmental pollution due to the small and medium-scale textile units, cleaner production
technologies and formation of waste minimization circles are being encouraged in India.
Besides, collective treatment at a centralized facility, known as the CETP is considered as a
viable treatment solution, to overcome the constraints associated with effluent treatment in small
to medium enterprises.
The concept of CETP has been adopted to achieve end-of-pipe treatment of combined effluent
to avail the benefit of scale of operation. In addition, the CETP also facilitates in reduction of
number of discharge points in an industrial estate for better enforcement and to make the skilled
man power available for proper treatment of effluent.
Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan (AHVS) is the proponent agency and has applied for
obtaining Environment Clearance (EC) for the proposed CETP at Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster
from State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Gujarat.
Category of The Project
As per the EIA Notification 2006, the proponent needs to obtain the Environmental Clearance for
the proposed project for establishing CETP. Common Effluent Treatment Units (CETP) units are
listed at Serial no. 7(h) of the Schedule of EIA Notification of 14.09.2006 under Category ‘B’. No
General Conditions are applicable in the proposed project.
Purpose of EIA
The purpose of the EIA study is to analyze the effluent handling facility at proposed Common
Effluent Treatment Plant on issues such as effluent generation, air emissions and hazardous
waste generation, control measures to reduce the pollution and to delineate a comprehensive
environment management plan along with recommendations in proposed environment
management system.
Objectives of EIA
The main objectives of the study are:
➢ To assess the background environmental status in and around project site.
➢ To identify potential sources of pollution.
➢ To predict and evaluate the impact on environment along with pollution control measures
taken.
➢ To prepare a comprehensive Environment and Disaster Management Plan.
Scope of the EIA
The study envisages characterization of the existing status of physical environment such as air,
water, soil, land use, meteorology, socio-economic and heritage etc., as well as biological
environment such as flora and fauna of the study area of 10 km radius and quantifying impacts
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on the environmental parameters. Based on the baseline data, EIA evaluates the proposed
control measures by the project, prepares an environment management plan, outlining
additional proposed activities, and delineates the requirements of environmental monitoring
program. EIA-EMP report covers the following aspects: -
Evaluation of present environmental factors through analysis of generated and collected
baseline data for one complete non-monsoon season (3 months).
Assess the probable impact on the environmental factors due to implementation of the project
with respect to existing scenario.
Analyze the predicted impact with respect to the regulatory environmental standards.
The baseline data has been collected for the following environmental components, during period
Mid- September 2017 to Mid-December 2017.
Need for the Project
The area has small units of dyeing. These units generate effluent. As there is no CETP in the
area, the effluent is being disposed off in an unscientific manner. Hence the proposed project
will cater the need of the units with upcoming CETP facility in the area.
Advantages of CETP
➢ ̇Facilitates ‘economy of scale’ in waste treatment, thereby reducing the cost of pollution
abatement.
➢ ̇CETP can be planned in advance to ensure that adequate space is available including
plans for expansion in future.
➢ ̇homogenization of wastewater.
➢ ̇relatively better hydraulic stability.
➢ ̇professional control over treatment can be affordable.
➢ ̇facilitates small scale units, which often can not internalize the externalities due to
control of pollution
➢ ̇eliminates multiple discharges in the area, provides opportunity for better enforcement
i.e., proper treatment and disposal
➢ ̇provides opportunity to improve the recycling and reuse possibilities.
➢ ̇facilitates better organization of treated effluent and sludge disposal etc.
Approach of the EIA Study
Based on approved TOR vide letter no. SEIAA/GUJ/TOR/7(h)/851/2017 dated 28.09.2017 as
approved in the 340th
meeting of SEAC Gujarat held on 16.08.2017. The EIA study aims to
incorporate the below mentioned features:
Focus on describing proposed effluent treatment facility and the existing environmental
conditions with regards to the identified environmental attributes based on the information
gathered, which are likely to be impacted. For the purpose, the relevant baseline data has been
collected as per the MoEF guidelines.
Identification, prediction and evaluation of the likely impacts. Anticipated environmental impacts
require specific studies for significance as given in impact matrix (Chapter 4). Tools as given in
the manual may be used for the assessment of environmental impacts. The baseline information
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provides a datum for prediction and evaluation of the impacts. Also, analysis of alternate
resources and technologies has been carried out.
Environmental Monitoring Program and Health & Safety aspects of the proposed project.
Environment Management Plan which highlights the mitigation measures necessary for
preventing and/or minimizing the identified adverse impacts, project benefits and summary and
conclusion.
Details of The Project Proponent
Project Type: Common Effluent Treatment Plant
Project Capacity: 150 KLD
Project Location: Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster.
Details of the Project Proponent
Proponent Name: Dr. Ismail Mohmed Khatri
Proponent Agency: Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan (AHVS)
Proponent Agency Address: Ajrakhpur Paddhar, Post: Kukma, 370105. Tal- Bhuj District
-Kachchh, State- Gujarat, India.
Trust Regd No: F/1178/ Kutch.GUJ/1002/Kutch.Dt.16-8-2004.
The proposed project location is shown in the figure 1-1:
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Figure 1-1: Location of the proposed CETP project.
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Structure of the EIA report:
The entire EIA report has been prepared in line with generic structure of EIA document as annexed in
EIA Notification, 2006:
Chapter 1: Introduction: This chapter describes the Purpose of the project, Identification of project &
project proponent, Brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its importance to the
country, region, Scope of the study – details of regulatory scoping carried out (As per Terms of
Reference)
Chapter 2: Project Description (Based on pre-feasibility Report): This chapter includes Type of project,
Need for the project, Location (maps showing general location, specific location, project boundary &
project site layout), Size or magnitude of operation (including associated activities required by or for the
project, Proposed schedule for approval and implementation, Technology and process description,
Project description (Including drawings showing project layout, components of project etc. Schematic
representations of the feasibility drawings which give information important for EIA purpose), Description
of mitigation measures incorporated into the project to meet environmental standards, environmental
operating conditions, or other EIA requirements (as required by the scope), Assessment of New &
untested technology for the risk of technological failure
Chapter3: Description of the Environment: It covers Study area, period, components & methodology,
Establishment of baseline for valued environmental components, as identified in the scope, Base maps
of all environmental components.
Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures: It includes Details of Investigated
Environmental impacts due to project location, possible accidents, project design, project construction,
regular operations, final decommissioning or rehabilitation of a completed project, Measures for
minimizing and / or offsetting adverse impacts identified, Irreversible and Irretrievable commitments of
environmental components, Assessment of significance of impacts (Criteria for determining
significance, Assigning significance) and Mitigation measures.
Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site): In case if scoping includes any alternative then
it includes description of each alternative, Summary of adverse impacts of each alternative, Mitigation
measures proposed for each alternative and Selection of alternative.
Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Program: This chapter covers technical aspects of monitoring the
effectiveness of mitigation measures (including Measurement methodologies, frequency, location, and
data analysis, reporting schedules, emergency procedures, detailed budget & procurement
schedules).
Chapter 7: Risk Assessment and additional Studies: This chapter includes Public Consultation, Risk
assessment, Social Impact Assessment and Rehabilitation & Resettlement Action Plans.
Chapter 8: Project Benefits: This chapter describes the benefits coming from the project in terms of
improvements in the physical and social infrastructure, employment potential –skilled, semi-skilled and
unskilled and other tangible benefits.
Chapter 9: Environmental Cost & Benefit Analysis: This chapter describes if recommended at the
Scoping stage.
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Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan: This chapter describes the administrative aspects of
ensuring that mitigation measures are implemented and their effectiveness monitored after approval of
the EIA.
Chapter 11: Summary and Conclusion: It includes overall justification for implementation of the project
and Explanation of how, adverse effects have been mitigated
Chapter 12: Disclosure of consultants Engaged: The names of the Consultants engaged with their brief
resume and nature of Consultancy rendered.
Compliance of TOR
The Compliance of the TOR conditions are given below
Table 1-1: Compliance of TOR
SR.
NO. TOR POINTS COMPLIANCE
1. Executive summary of the project – giving a
prima facie idea of the objectives of the
proposal, use of resources, justification, etc. In
addition, it should provide a compilation of EIA
report, including EMP and post project
monitoring plan in brief. Need for the proposed
CETP shall be justified in detail.
The Executive Summary of project is given
on Page No. XXII.
2. Legal undertaking that member industries of
proposed CETP will be textile processing units,
yarn dyeing units, weaving units or allied textile
units only and will not have any other chemical
synthesis or pharmaceutical industries.
Legal undertaking is attached along as
Annexure II.
3. Land possession documents and NA
permission letter.
Land Registration documents are attached
as Annexure I.
4. Land requirement for the project including its
break up for various purposes, its availability
and optimization.
The area proposed for establishing the CETP
plant is 1102.5 sq.m. The land area details
are given in Table 2-2 of Chapter 2.
5. Details of proposed layout clearly demarcating
various units within the plant.
Layout demarcating various units within the
plant is given in
Figure 2-5 of Chapter 2 and attached as
Drawing 1.
6. Complete process flow diagram describing
each unit, its processes and operations, along
with material and energy inputs and outputs
(material and energy balance).
The treatment scheme is given in Section 2.5
of Chapter 2. The hydaullic flow diagram is
attached as Drawing 2.
7. Undertaking stating that a separate electric
meter will be provided for the waste water
treatment system.
Legal undertaking is attached along as
Annexure III.
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8. Economical and technical viability of the
effluent treatment system.
Detailed in section 2.2 of Chapter 2.
9. Action plan for complete Zero Liquid discharge
(ZLD).
The details of the treated water utilization are
given in the Section 2.12 of Chapter 2.
10. Details of the industries for which CETP facility
is proposed including raw materials used and
products manufactured.
The list of the member units for the proposed
CETP are given in the Table 2-8 of the
Chapter 2.
The consumption of Raw materials with its
quantity is detailed in Table 2-11 of Chapter
2.
11. Assessment of source of the water supply with
adequacy of the same to meet with the
requirements for the CETP. Permission
obtained from the concerned authority for
supply of water.
The water will be sourced from proposed
borewell (1 No.) at site. The receipt of the
application seeking permission for
abstraction of groundwater was submitted at
CGWB office, Ahmedabad is attached as
Annexure V.
12. Expected quantity of sewage & wastewater
from each industry and justification for selecting
the proposed capacity of the treatment
plant/modules. Measures to prevent flooding of
the CETP in the rainy season.
The effluent generation details and
justification of selecting the proposed
capacity is given in the Section 2.8.4 of the
Chapter 2.
Storm Water collection system is given in
Section 10.10 of the Chapter 10.
13. Details of member industries (name & address),
their location, distance from CETP (Map),
products & raw material details of each
member units etc.
The list of the member units for the proposed
CETP are given in Table 2-3 under Section
2.8.1 of the Chapter 2.
14. Characteristics of effluent and proposed
scheme for segregation of streams from
individual member industries.
The Characteristics of the effluents are given
in section 2.8.5 of Chapter 2.
15. Details of mode of effluent collection system
either by tankers and/or pipeline, etc., or
proposed trouble-shooting mechanism.
Monitoring protocol for collection of effluent.
The effluent will be collected through a
pipeline system. The details are given in
Section 2.8.8 of the Chapter 2.
The layout showing pipeline distribution
system at Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster
area is shown in Figure 2-8 and attached as
Drawing 2.
16. Details on physical, chemical and biological
characteristics of the combined effluent and its
concentrations and the basis for the same.
The Characteristics of the effluents are given
in section 2.8.5 of Chapter 2.
17. Details of equalization tank at least for 24 hrs;
and guard ponds for holding treated
Details on the equalization are given in the
Section 2.10 of the Chapter 2.
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wastewater or continuous monitoring facilities,
if any.
18. Details on improved technologies. Details of the
proposed treatment schemes supported by the
treatability studies including source separation
of streams for specific mode of collection and
treatment either at individual industry or at
CETP (based on economic and operational
ease considerations).
The treatment scheme is given in Section 2.9
of Chapter 2. The hydraulic flow diagram is
attached as Drawing 3.
19. Built-in flexibility provisions to deal with
quantitative and qualitative fluctuations.
The details are given in Section 2.7 of
Chapter 2.
20. Organizational setup for collection of pre-
treated effluents, treatment and disposal of the
treated effluents, etc. and deployment of
qualified/skilled man power.
The organizational setup is detailed in the
Section 10.18 of Chapter 10.
21. Details of O&M for maximum utilization of the
designed capacity of the plant.
Detailed in Section 10.2 of Chapter 10.
22. Proposed monitoring protocol for stage-wise
quality control w.r.t. various characteristics and
maintenance schedules followed for all rotating
equipment including lubricating/oil fill,
operational chemicals and laboratory
chemicals.
Online monitoring will be installed to monitor
stage wise quality control w.r.t various
equipments.
23. For any sensitive environmental parameters
such as heavy metals, fluorides, etc., details on
improved material of construction of tanks and
other equipments such as corrosion resistance,
allowance, etc.
No heavy metal is detected during the
baseline monitoring. Hence no such impact
is envisaged.
24. Details of power consumption and stand-by
arrangements like the diesel generator (DG)
sets, dual fuel (gas and oil) for uninterrupted
operation of treatment plant. Protocol and
mechanism to accept the effluent including the
adequacy of the receiving/holding tanks, etc.
The power required for the project is 40KW
to be sourced from Paschim Gujarat Vij
Company Limited (PGVCL).
A DG set of 10KVA is proposed at site as a
backup during power failure.
25. Impact of the project on local infrastructure of
the study area such as road network, etc. If the
study area requires any additional
infrastructure, details of the agency responsible
for the same should be included along with the
time frame.
Anticipated impacts from the proposed
project are given in Chapter 4.
26. Details of laboratory, workshop, database,
library, waste exchange centers, etc. in CETP
The Layout is shown in Figure 2-5 and
attached as Drawing 1.
27. Availability of the land for proposed treatment
for ultimate capacity and to accommodate
required greenbelt development.
The area proposed for establishing the CETP
plant is 1102.5 sq.m.
The green area development is given in
Section 3.15 of Chapter 3.
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28. Details of the proposed methods of water
conservation and recharging.
Rainwater recharging scheme is given in
Section 10.11 of Chapter 10.
29. Management plan for solid/hazardous waste
generation, storage, utilization and disposal.
The Management for solid/hazardous waste
is given in Section 2.13 of Chapter 2.
30. Detailed plan of treated wastewater disposal/
reuse/utilization/management.
The details of the treated wastewater
disposal are given in Section 2.12 of Chapter
2.
31. Details regarding infrastructure facilities such
as sanitation, fuel storage, restroom, etc. to the
workers during construction and operation
phase.
Infrastructure facilities are clearly
demarcated in the layout shown in figure 2-5
in Chapter 2.
32. Disciplinary policy of CETP. The Disciplinary policy of CETP is attached
as Annexure VI.
33. Submit checklist in the form of Do’s & Don’ts of
preventive maintenance, strengthening of HSE,
manufacturing utility staff for safety related
measures.
Detailed in the Chapter 7.
34. Detailed five year greenbelt development
program including annual budget, planning
schedule, species, width of plantations,
number of trees to be planted, area under
green belt development [with map], budgetary
outlay etc. along with commitment of the
management to carry out the tree plantation
activities outside the premises at appropriate
places in the nearby areas and elsewhere.
The details are given in the Section 3.15 of
Chapter 3.
35. Action plan for the greenbelt development –
species, width of plantations, planning
schedule, etc., in accordance to CPCB
published guidelines
The details are given in the Section 3.15 of
Chapter 3.
36. The study area shall be up to a distance of 10
km from the boundary of the proposed site and
all along the collection network/route map of
effluent conveyance, treated wastewater
carrying pipe line and the receiving
environment at the point of disposal.
The study area is taken 10km radius from the
project site. The details of the environment
are given in the Chapter 3.
37. Location of the project site and nearest habitats
with distances from the project site to be
demarcated on a toposheet (1: 50000 scale).
The project site location and nearest existing
habitats are marked on Toposheet No
(1:50000 scale) shown in Figure 2-3 of the
Chapter 2.
38. Landuse based on satellite imagery including
location specific sensitivities such as national
parks / wildlife sanctuary, villages, industries,
etc. for the study area.
Land use map based on Satellite image is
shown in Figure 3-2 & Figure 3-3 of the
Chapter 3.
39. Demography details of all the villages falling
within the study area.
The demographic details of Ajrakhpur area
are given in Section 3.17 of Chapter 3.
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40. Topography details of the project area. The topography details of the project area is
given in Section 3.4 of Chapter 3
41. The baseline data to be collected from the
study area w. r. t. different components of
environment viz. air, noise, water, land, and
biology and socio-economic. Actual monitoring
of baseline environmental components shall be
strictly according to the parameters prescribed
in the ToR after considering the proposed
coverage of parameters by the proponent in
draft ToR and shall commence after finalization
of ToR by the competent Authority.
The baseline monitoring was conducting
during the period (Mid Sept 2017 to Mid Dec
2017).
The monitoring results of the study area are
given in Section 3.8 of Chapter 3 and is
attached as Annexure VII.
42. One season Site-specific micro-meteorological
data using temperature, relative humidity,
hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall
should be incorporated.
Detailed in Section 3.7 of Chapter 3.
43. Anticipated environmental impacts due to the
proposed project/production may be evaluated
for significance and based on corresponding
likely impacts VECs (Valued Environmental
Components) may be identified. Baseline
studies may be conducted within the study area
of 10 km for all the concerned/identified VECs
and likely impacts will have to be assessed for
their magnitude in order to identify mitigation
measures.
Anticipated Environment Impacts & their
Mitigation measures are detailed in Chapter
4.
44. One complete season base line ambient air
quality data (except monsoon) to be given
along with the dates of monitoring. The
parameters to be covered shall be in
accordance with the revised National Ambient
Air Quality Standards as well as project specific
parameters. Locations of the monitoring
stations should be so decided so as to take into
consideration the pre-dominant downwind
direction, population zone and sensitive
receptors. There should be at least one
monitoring station in the upwind direction.
There should be at least one monitoring station
in the pre dominant downwind direction at a
location where maximum ground level
concentration is likely to occur.
The baseline monitoring was conducting
during the period (Mid Sept 2017 to Mid Dec
2017).
The monitoring results of the study area are
given in Section 3.8 of Chapter 3 and is
attached as Annexure VII.
45. Base lines status of the noise environment,
impact of noise on present environment due to
the project and proposed measures for noise
reduction including engineering controls.
Noise environment at the project site and
other selected locations are found within the
permissible limits.
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Noise monitoring results are given in Section
3.11 of Chapter 3 and Monitoring reports are
attached as Annexure VII.
46. Geological features and geo-hydrological
status of the study area.
Geotechnical investigation report is attached
as Annexure VIII.
Geohydrological status of the report is given
in Section 3.12 of Chapter 3.
47. Percolation rate of the land and justification for
available land for gardening plantation.
Percolation rate of the soil is given in section
3.13 of the Chapter 3.
48. Surface water quality of nearby water sources
and other surface drains.
Surface water quality is given in Section 3.9.3
of the Chapter 3.
49. Details on ground water quality. Ground water quality is given in Section 3.9.4
of Chapter 3.
50. Details on existing ambient air quality and
expected, stack and fugitive emissions for
PM10, PM2.5, SO2*, NOx*, VOCs*, carbon oxides
(CO and CO2) etc., and evaluation of the
adequacy of the proposed pollution control
devices to meet standards for point sources
and to meet AAQ standards. (* - As applicable).
Detailed in Section 3.8 of Chapter 3.
51. Ecological status of the study area such as
habitat type and quality, species, diversity,
rarity, fragmentation, ecological linkage, age,
abundance etc.
Ecological status of the study area is given in
Section 3.14 of Chapter 3.
52. Anticipated generic environmental impacts due
to this project, which may be evaluated for
significance and based on corresponding likely
impacts VECs may be identified. Baseline
studies may be conducted for all the concerned
VECs and likely impacts will have to be
assessed for their magnitude in order to identify
mitigation measures.
Anticipated impacts and its mitigation
measures are given in Chapter 4.
53. Modelling indicating the likely impact on
ambient air quality due to proposed activities.
The details of model used and input parameters
used for modeling should be provided. The air
quality contours may be shown on location map
clearly indicating the location of sensitive
receptors, if any, and the habitation. The wind
rose showing pre-dominant wind direction
should also be indicated on the map. Impact
due to vehicular movement shall also be
included into the prediction using suitable
model. Results of Air dispersion modeling
should be superimposed on satellite Image /
geographical area map.
Wind rose is prepared based on the site
specific micro meteorological data. The wind
rose diagram is given
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54. Action plan for the greenbelt development –
species, width of plantations, planning
schedule etc. in accordance to CPCB
published guidelines.
Detailed in Section 3.15 of Chapter 3.
55. In case of likely impact from the proposed
project on the surrounding reserve forests, Plan
for the conservation of wild fauna in
consultation with the State Forest Department.
Detailed in Section 3.14 of Chapter 3 and
attached along as Annexure IX
56. Identify the mitigation measures based on
source control and treatment.
Details are given in Chapter 4.
57. Details in case, if the effluent conveyance
system uses pipe lines, details regarding
minimum (one day) storage tank with mixing
facility to keep it in aerobic conditions at source
industry and mechanism to ensure compliance
with prescribed standards at this storage tank.
Effluent Conveyance system is detailed in
Section 2.8.8 of Chapter 2.
58. Details regarding soil and groundwater impacts
and regular monitoring protocols suggested for
ensuring no significant impacts, besides
preventive measures.
Details on groundwater and soil impacts are
given in section 4.4 and Section 4.5 of
Chapter 4
59. Impacts due to laying of pipe lines for effluent
collection and for the reuse of the treated
wastewaters.
Detailed in Section 4.8 of Chapter 4.
60. Details of storm water collection network and
utilization plan, etc.
Details are given in section 10.10 of chapter
10.
61. Proposed measures for occupational safety
and health of the workers.
Details are given in Section 7.6.7 of Chapter
7
62. Monitoring programme for pollution control at
source.
Details are given in Chapter 6.
63. Action plan by the CETP to guide their member
industries through continuous vigilant
monitoring of member industries, guidance &
training programmes so as to meet CETP inlet
norms/quality.
The details are given in Section 6.8 of
Chapter 6.
64. Monitoring pollutants at receiving environment
for the appropriate notified parameters – air
quality, groundwater, surface water, etc. during
operational phase of the project
The details are given in Table 6-2 of Chapter
6.
65. Specific programme to monitor safety and
health protection of workers.
Detailed in the Chapter 7
66. Appropriate monitoring network has to be
designed and proposed, to assess the possible
residual impacts on VECs.
The monitoring stations proposed are given
in Chapter 3.
67. Details on risk assessment and damage control
during different phases of the project and
proposed safeguard measures.
The Risk assessment is detailed in Section
7.2 of Chapter 7.
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68. Details on socio-economic development
activities such as commercial property values,
generation of jobs, education, social conflicts,
cultural status, accidents, etc.
The socio-economic details are given in the
Section 3.16 of Chapter 3. Socioeconomic
development is detailed in Chapter 8.
Corporate Social Responsibility is detailed in
Section 10.19.2 of Chapter 10.
69. Proposed plan to handle the socio-economic
influence on the local community. The plan
should include quantitative dimension as far as
possible.
Detailed in chapter 8.
70. A tabular chart for the issues raised and
addressed during public hearing/consultation
and commitment of the project proponent on
the same should be provided. An action plan to
address the issues raised during public hearing
and the necessary allocation of funds for the
same should be provided.
To be conducted.
71. Administrative and technical organizational
structure to ensure proposed post-project
monitoring programme for approved mitigation
measures.
Hierarchical structure of the organization is
given in Section 10.18 of Chapter 8
72. EMP devised to mitigate the adverse impacts of
the project should be provided along with item
wise cost of its implementation (capital and
recurring costs).
The Environmental Management Plan is
given in Chapter 10. Budget allocation of the
environment management plan is given in
table 10-4 of the Chapter 10.
73. Allocation of resources and responsibilities for
plan implementation.
The details are given in the Section 7.9 of
Chapter 7.
74. Details of the emergency preparedness plan
and on-site and off-site disaster management
plan.
Emergency preparedness plan is given in
Section 6.4.1 of Chapter 6.
75. Certificate of accreditation issued by the
NABET, QCI to the environmental consultant
should be incorporated in the EIA Report.
Consultant Details are:
Shivalik Solid Waste Management Limited,
located at SCO 20-21, 2nd
Floor, Near Hotel
Dolphin, Dhakoli, Zirakpur, Punjab, is the
NABET accredited consultant for the project.
The Certificate issued by QCI/NABET bears
no. NABET/EIA/1619/RA 0040 dated
28.03.2017 which is valid upto 16.02.2019.
As per the information available on MoEF
portal, SSWML is listed in Accredited EIA
consultant organizations (ACOs) on Rev.59
dated November 16, 2017
Complete Details of consultant organization
are given in Chapter 12: Disclosure of
Consultants Engaged.
QCI NABET Certificate is given on Page No:
X
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76. An undertaking by the Project Proponent on the
ownership of the EIA report as per the
MoEF&CC OM dated 05/10/2011 and an
undertaking by the Consultant regarding the
prescribed TORs have been complied with and
the data submitted is factually correct as per
the MoEF&CC OM dated 04/08/2009.
(Compliance of OM dated 05/10/2011 &
04/08/2009).
The undertaking is enclosed above on page
number XII.
77. Above points shall be adequately addressed in
the EIA report at corresponding chapters.
Complied. The above points have been
incorporated in the relevant chapters
accordingly.
78. A tabular chart with index for point-wise
compliance of above.
Complied.
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CHAPTER 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
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2 Project Description
Introduction- Type of Project
The textile sector has a paramount role in the industrial development of our country. Among
various sub-sectors, Small Scale Industries (SSI) renders a massive support in the above
development. Government actively promotes growth of SSI units to induce a balanced economic
growth and distribute the benefits of industrial development in an equitable manner. The ‘Ajrakh’
block printing style is a traditional art & cultural heritage of Kutch. Government has taken initiative
to conserve and protect the artisans through development of different infrastructure facilities to
promote and boost up the textile activity in that locality.
Textile processing activity necessarily generates some effluent. The discharge of untreated
effluent creates surface water contamination and diminishes the supply of good quality water
which is a major concern in Kutch. Therefore, treatment as well as reuse or recycling of water
through effective Environmental Management System is a major exercise sought-after for this
cluster - famous for several centuries.
SSI units generally find it difficult to establish and operate individual Effluent Treatment Plant
(ETP) due to their limited plot size and scale of operations. However, SSI units when located in
industrial clusters/estates; the concept of Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) for the entire
effluent generated from the industrial activity has been developed to achieve satisfactory
treatment through their collective efforts. The monitoring and enforcing a CETP as a single
polluting source also becomes easier for regulatory agencies as compared to monitoring a large
number of SSI units individually.
Keeping this in mind, Govt. of India through Handicraft Mega Cluster Mission (HMCM) proposed
to address this issue for the benefits of the small & tiny processors and the CETP project was
initiated Ajrakhpur is worldwide known for the art of Ajrakh Block Printing Style. Mostly natural
dyes are used in dyeing & printing which includes a mixture of camel dung, soda ash and castor
oil, waste iron, myrobalan, madder, indigo, pomegranate peel boiled in water, sprays of turmeric
water, root of rhubarb etc. These blocks printing styles are century old traditions being followed
till date. To preserve the India’s traditional handicrafts, Ministry of Textile, Govt. of India through
Handicraft Mega Cluster Mission (HMCM) has taken initiative and approached NITRA for
establishment of CETP in Ajrakhpur Industrial Cluster. The layout plan of Ajrakhpur Block Printing
cluster is shown in Figure 2-1.
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Figure 2-1: Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster
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Identification of the Project
Ajrakhpur industrial cluster (developed in 32 Acres area) is situated on approx. 16 km from Bhuj
city towards Bhuj-Bhachau Highway. Bhuj City has good connectivity of Bus and Rail Network
with other cities of Gujarat and India. The airport in Bhuj is also having connectivity with national
and international cities.
The present level of effluent discharge of all the processing units of the cluster is 150 m³/day
(KLD) for which there is a CETP proposed of 150KLD. Ajrakhpur is worldwide known for the art
of Ajrakh Block Printing Style. Mostly natural dyes are used in dyeing & printing which includes
a mixture of camel dung, soda ash and castor oil, waste iron, myrobalan, madder, indigo,
pomegranate peel boiled in water, sprays of turmeric water, root of rhubarb etc. These blocks
printing styles are century old traditions being followed till date.
Economic and Technical Viability
CETP Ajrakhpur will be treating wastewater of its member units. Continuous growth is recorded
in manufacturing activities of all units located in the cluster. There has been matching growth in
quantity of waste water generated by all these units. Proposed capacity of 150KLD is estimated
to be capable to take care of any growth in production. The volume of waste water generated
from 49-member units will be from Block Printing Cluster. Cost of the project is estimated to be
around 146 lacs.
Brief Description of Nature of the Project
The proposal is to set up the CETP of 150 KLD for the effluent from industries located in Ajrakhpur
Block Printing Cluster. The present strength of the cluster is 49 textile processing units. Presently,
the units have a monthly production capacity of nearly 2,87,512 meters.
The salient features of the proposed project are given in table 2-1 below:
Table 2-1: Salient Features of The Project
Location Latitude: 23°13'53.11"N
Longitude: 69°47'41.35"E
CETP project is proposed at Common Plot No 1 of Survey No. 694
of Paddhar-Ajrakhpur Village.
Land Area Land area for proposed CETP is 1102.5 sq.m.
Screening Category 7(h), Category A as per EIA Notification 14th
Sep, 2006 and
amended thereof.
Project Profile The CETP is proposed to treat around 150 KLD industrial effluents
from the industries located in Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster.
Cost of the Project Rs. 146 Lacs.
Resource Requirement
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Source & Quantity of
Water
Proposed borewell (1Nos.) at site.
Power 40KW
Power Supplying
Agency
Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Ltd.
Power Backup 10 KVA – 1 Nos.
Man Power required Manpower required during Construction phase is 6 Nos.
Manpower required during operational phase is 4 Nos.
Environmental Management System
Effluent Treatment
Scheme
Proposed CETP is for the effluent treatment generated from Small
& tiny textile processing units who are engaged in this activity are
clustered around Ajrakhpur which is popularly known as ‘Ajrakhpur
Block Printing Cluster’.
The land area breakup is given in table 2-2 below:
Table 2-2: Land area details
Sr.
No Title Particulars
1. Area for CETP 1102.5 Sq.m.
2. Green Area 277 Sq.m.
3. D.G Set Area 2.4 Sq.m.
4. Road Area 325 Sq.m.
5. Office Area 20 Sq.m.
The location map of project site with 5km radius around project site is shown below figure 2-2:
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Figure 2-2:location map showing 5km Radius from Project Site.
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Environmental Sensitivity related to project site.
The below doesn’t fall within 5km of the project site:
1. Protected Areas notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972;
2. Critically Polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board constituted
under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (6 of 1974) from time to
time.
3. Eco-sensitive areas as notified under sub-section (2) of section 3 of the Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986, and
4. Inter-State boundaries and international boundaries.
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Figure 2-3: Toposheet showing 5Km & 10km radius from the project site
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The Environment sensitivity in the Gujarat is shown in the below figure 2-4:
Figure 2-4: Eco Sensitive Map of Gujarat
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Need For The Project And Its Importance To The Country or Region
Presently 49 units are running in Ajrakhpur cluster. Only seven units uses chemical dyes
(Ramazol and Azo free Napthol) and rest of the units are using natural dyes. Units remain
operating from 8 AM to 4PM from Monday to Sunday. In rainy season, production decreases due
to problem in drying of washed cloths. Printing and dyeing has a wide spread coverage of
products inclusive of Bed-Sheet, Saree, Yarde, Dress material, Dupatta and shawl etc. These
products have both domestic and export markets. The details of 49 textile manufacturers who
are presently working in this small textile cluster. The total production capacity of the units is
nearly 2,87,512 meters per month.
The Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan (AHVS) through Northern India Textile Research
Association intends to install Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) of the capacity of 150KLD
to serve Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster for management of industrial effluents and to protect
ecology from further deterioration.
The Objective of setting up of CETP is:
• To Achieve Economy of scale in waste treatment, thereby reducing the cost of pollution
abatement for individual industry.
• To take care of the problem of lack of technical assistance and trained personnel as
needed for skill operation of effluent treatment plant.
• To solve the problem of lack of space as the centralized facility can be planned to ensure
that adequate space is available
• To reduce the problem of monitoring by the pollution control boards.
• To organize the appropriate disposal of treated waste water including reuse and sludge
generated to authorized facility.
Employment Generation (Direct And Indirect) Due To The Project
The proposed project will provide direct and indirect employment. Six persons would be
deployed during construction phase of proposed project. And four persons shall be employed
during operation stage. During construction phase, local worker would be utilized from nearby
villages.
Swot Analysis
Strength
▪ The project is well proposed engineering concern having best effluent treatment
process/technologies (and their operational aspects).
▪ The project has a sound financial and business background.
▪ All participating members are having units in the vicinity and have given their consent to
be a part of the project.
▪ Suitable land has already been made available to the project.
▪ Dependence on governmental/institutional support.
▪ Reutilization of reclaimed water will partially offset to limited water consumption.
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Weaknesses
▪ The commercial viability depends on the availability of adequate quantity of effluent – each
participating industry has committed minimum effluent quantity or payment of charges
thereof.
▪ The project needs continuous power supply for effective performance.
Opportunities
▪ The immense pressure from the global community to take initiative for the safeguard of the
environment, ecology and aquatic life that this project is one step in that direction and shall
lead to an indication that industry is maturing.
▪ With the implementation of the project the Indian industry and economy shall shred its third
world status and become globally competitive along with environmental friendly, thus
matching the most advanced economies.
▪ The CETP design being modular (and all critical components having over-capacity) any
major increase in total effluent quantity can be easily matched by upscaling the CETP with
nominal capital infusion.
Threats
▪ The fuel cost increase may also affect the operational cost.
Site Layout
The layout plan of the proposed CETP project having capacity 150 KLD at Ajrakhpur Block
Printing Cluster is given below figure 2-5 and the site photographs are shown in figure 2-6
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Figure 2-5: Layout of the project site
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(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Figure 2-6: Photographs of the Project Site
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Scenario of Ajrakhpur Cluster
Ajrakhpur is known worldwide for the art of Ajrakh, block printing uses colors derived from nature,
such as indigo, henna, turmeric, pomegranate, iron and mud. In some cases, the fabrics are
washed up to 20 times. The printing blocks are hand-carved. The process is complex and
involves 16 different processes. Artisan has gained critical acclaim for the innovative use of
natural dyes that include a mixture of camel dung, soda ash and castor oil, waste iron,
myrobalan, madder, indigo, pomegranate peel boiled in water, sprays of turmeric water and the
root of rhubarb.
The highly skilled and patterned Ajrakh block-printing style came to Kutch from Sind about 400
years ago when the Muslim Khatris settled in the village of Dhamadka. In 2001 a devastating
earthquake severely damaged Bhuj, Dhamadka and other villages and towns all over the
Kachchh region. In the wake of this tragedy, the Khatris were brought closer together and a new
village was created to rebuild their lives and their craft production, aptly named Ajrakhpur (‘place
of Ajrakh’). Today there are Khatris living and working in both villages. Almost the whole village
takes part in the block printing. Presently 49 units are running in Ajrakhpur cluster. Only seven
units uses chemical dyes (Ramazol and Azo free Napthol) and rest of the units are using natural
dyes. Units remain operating from 8 AM to 4PM from Monday to Sunday. In rainy season,
production decreases due to problem in drying of washed cloths. Printing and dyeing has a wide
spread coverage of products inclusive of Bed-Sheet, Saree, Yarde, Dress material, Dupatta and
shawl etc. These products have both domestic and export markets. The details of 49 textile
manufacturers who are presently working in this small textile cluster are enlisted in Table 2-3 in
the following pages. The total production capacity of the units is nearly 2, 87,512 meters per
month.
The units run on a single shift basis and uses water for their processing & washing activities.
Therefore, effluent generated during one shift operation is stored in an equalization tank with
higher capacity for required period. So, at present 150 KLD treatment capacity is estimated to
treat the present load.
*Production in Meters
Table 2-3: Ajrakhpur Artisan Unit Monthly Production Details
Sr.
No. Name of Entrepreneur
Bed
Sheet
Sare
e
Yarde
s
Dress
set
Dupa
tta
Other
s Total
1 Khatri Rahemtullah Hasam 1200 837.5 2038
2
Khatri Aurangzeb
Abdulrazak 325 1000 100 1425
3 Khatri Dr.Ismail Mohammad 1120 325 5000 2000 100 8545
4 Khatri Abbas Ibrahim 1200 1200
5 Khatri Faruk Shakur 8040 8040
6 Khatri Sufiyan Abdulgafur 800 800
7 Khatri Sikandar Osman 80400 80400
8
Khatri Abdulkarim
Tarmamad 130 400 300 830
9 Khatri Musa Tarmamad 2000 2000
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Sr.
No. Name of Entrepreneur
Bed
Sheet
Sare
e
Yarde
s
Dress
set
Dupa
tta
Other
s Total
10 Khatri Osman Tarmamad 20100 20100
11 Khatri Samad Jusab 10000 10000
12 Khatri Kadar Yakub 3000 300 3300
13
Khatri Mohammadhusen
Sumar 1300 3000 2010 1200 7510
14 Khatri Mustaq Abdullah 6000 6000
15 Khatri Indris Sumar 6000 6000
16
Khatri Abdul Raheman
Budha 560 650 2000 1340 600 200 5350
17
Khatri Abdul Razak Abdul
Raheman 1950 1000 1000 3950
18
Khatri Abdul Rasid Abdul
Raheman 1950 1000 1000 3950
19
Khatri Juned Abdul
Raheman 6000 6000
20 Khatri Faiz Jusab 800 800
21 Khatri Kadar Salemamad 1000 800 1800
22 Khatri Junas Aamad 130 670 400 1200
23 Khatri Junas Aamad 200 80 280
24 Khatri Karim Ismail 1500 1500
25 Khatri Ibrahim Isha 97.5 1000 1098
26 Khatri Abdulrahim Anwar 65 3000 3065
27 Khatri Halim Usman 1000 1000
28 Khatri Rauf Abdulrazak 560 650 1005 50 2265
29 Khatri Jusab Suleman 2000 2680 4680
30 Khatri Sikandar Habib 1500 1500
31 Khatri Mustaq Habib 325 2500 2680 800 6305
32 Khatri Yakub Sumar 800 800
33 Khatri Nasir Ismail 1000 1000
34 Khatri Museb Ahemad
Abdullah
1600 1600
35 Khatri Basir Anwar 650 4000 3350 1000 9000
36
Khatri Abdulrahim
Abdulrazak 560 650 1005 50 2265
37 Khatri Khalid Amin 65 800 80 945
38 Khatri Imran Hasam 130 2000 1340 200 3670
39 Khatri Gani Hasam 33500 600 34100
40 Khatri Abdul Latif Ismail 2000 2000
41 Khatri Mustaq Aadam 2400 2400
42 Khatri Khalid Osman 4000 4000
43 Khatri Sikandar Sumar 2010 1200 3210
44 Khatri Aadam Junas 7500 7500
45 Khatri Salman Junas 1200 1200
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Sr.
No. Name of Entrepreneur
Bed
Sheet
Sare
e
Yarde
s
Dress
set
Dupa
tta
Other
s Total
46 Khatri Suleman Daud 3000 3000
47 Khatri Hasan sidhik 4000 200 4200
48 Khatri Satar Karim 1512 540 540 2592
49 Khatri Hasam Sumar 700 400 1100
4312 9393 98900
16096
8
1222
0 1720
28751
2
Total Monthly Production (Meter) = 2,87,512 Meters
Product Manufacturing Process
Greige woven fabric is the basic raw material for processing by the SMEs of Ajrakhpur block
printing cluster. As per the data collected, the daily production capacity for all the existing 49
units is nearly 10,000 meters (around three lac meters per month). Further, from the collected
data it reveals that for processing of above 10,000 meters of fabric, daily consumption of dyes,
chemicals & auxiliaries used is 844 kg. Following Table 2-4 shows the details of daily
consumption of dyes, chemicals & auxiliaries used for processing.
Table 2-4: CONSUMPTION OF DYES, CHEMICALS & AUXILIARIES
Sr. No. Dyes/Auxiliaries Quantity (Kg.)
Natural dyeing and printing (7000 meters)
1 Myrobalan 87.5
2 Soap 7
3 Enzyme 7
4 Hydrochloric Acid 10
5 Chickpea Flour 2
6 Scrap Iron 200
7 Lime 150
8 Gum Arabic 50
9 Clay 50
10 Alum 10
11 Alizarin 1
12 Madder 5
13 Pomegranate 5
14 Turmeric 5
15 Millet flour 5
16 Tamarind Seed Powder 25
17 Indigo 10
18 hydro Sulphite 5
19 Acetic Acid 10
20 potassium dichromate 1
21 Sapan Wood 1
Sr. No. Dyes/Auxiliaries Quantity (Kg.)
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22 Dhavdi flower 100
23 Keshuda flower 1
Sub Total 747.5 kg
Naphthol Dyeing and Printing (1000 meters)
1 Naphthol AS BS 2.5
2 Caustic Soda 2.5
3 TR Oil 2.5
4 Enzyme 1
5 Soap 1
6 Base (Blue B, Garnet GPC, RC, Orange etc.) 3
7 Hydrochloric Acid 6
8 Alum 5
9 Sodium Nitrate 3
10 Tamarind Seed Powder 5
11 Lime 10
12 Gum Arabic 5
Sub Total 46.5 kg
Silicate printing and Dyeing (2000 meters)
1 Silicate 21
2 Enzyme 2
3 Ramazol Colours 14
4 Tin Chloride 4
5 Binder 2
6 Pigment colour 2
7 Tamarind Seed powder 5
Sub Total 50 kg
TOTAL 844 kg
These input materials (Dyes, Chemicals & Auxiliaries) are further classified into two different
varieties. The 1st one is biodegradable whereas the 2nd one is non-biodegradable. Table 2-5 &
Table 2-6 shows the details of daily consumption of above materials.
Table 2-5: LIST OF BIODEGRADABLE CHEMICALS
Sr. No. Chemical Name Daily Consumption in Kg.
1 Myrobalan 87.50
2 Enzyme 10
3 Molasses 10
4 Chickpea Flour 2
5 Gum Arabic 55
6 Madder 5
7 Pomegranate 5
8 Turmeric 5
9 Millet Flour 5
10 Tamarind Seed Powder 35
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11 Sapan Wood 1
12 Dhavdi Flower 100
13 Keshuda Flower 1
Sub Total 321.5 kg
Table 2-6: LIST OF NON-BIODEGRADABLE CHEMICALS
Sr. No. Chemical Name Daily Consumption in Kg.
1 Soap 8
2 Scrap Iron 200
3 Lime 160
4 Clay 50
5 Alum 15
6 Alizarin 1
7 Indigo 10
8 Hydrosulphite 5
9 Acetic Acid 10
10 Potassium Dichromate 1
11 Naphthol ASBS 2.5
12 Caustic soda 2.5
13 TR Oil 2.5
14 Base(Blue B, Garnet GPC, RC,
Orange etc. 3
15 Hydrochloric Acid 6
16 Sodium Nitrate 3
17 Silicate 21
18 Ramazol Colors 14
19 Tin Chloride 4
20 Binder 2
21 Pigment Color 2
Sub Total 522.5 kg
TOTAL 321.5+ 522.5= 844 kg
The biodegradable matters contribute to both COD & BOD value whereas non-biodegradable
and oxidable inorganic parts contribute to COD value. The ratio of COD to BOD implies the
effluent characteristics. The use of inorganic acid and alkali would cause generation of some
TDS (Total Dissolved Solid). There is no direct use of salt which makes the TDS level of the
resultant effluent quite low and poses the possibility of water reclamation at an affordable
treatment cost.
Process of Dyeing And Printing
Earlier, the process in making Ajrakh was very complex but now the processes were made easier
and simplified by reducing the steps resulting to lesser involvement of labour work as well as
savings in time. Nowadays, the processes have been scaled down with short-cut methods as no
one has time to go into details of such laborious procedures, however, it makes the product
different in its quality. In the earlier process the fabric used to give longer life and the better color
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quality in comparison to that of modified process. Nowadays, the artisans follow the steps given
below:
2.8.3.1 Desizing, Scouring And Washing
The fabric is first taken for enzymatic desizing, scouring (not applicable for natural dyeing) and
washed with clean water. The fabric is dried under sunlight.
2.8.3.2 Dyeing
Depending upon the requirement, fabric is then dyed using natural dyes as well as synthetic
dyes (reactive dyes, vat dyes, napthol dyes etc.). In case, dyeing is carried out with natural dyes,
mordants are also used to fix the color to fibre and to increase the fastness properties. Fabric is
then washed and sun dried.
2.8.3.3 Indigo Dye/Mustard Dye/Other Dyeing
For Indigo dye, a solution of Indigofera plant powder, soda, Gurrh (jaggery), Chuna is made and
the cloth is dipped into it. It is dipped twice to get the bright colour. The same is followed to get
the Mustard colour, instead of Indigofera plant powder Haldi and alum is mixed to get the colour.
2.8.3.4 Printing
Some of the methods used for printing of fabric are given below:
Outline Printing a paste of Gondh (gum), Chuna, Mitti (mud) and water is made. Blocks
are dipped in the paste and the areas having outlines are printed.
Kut printing (Black outline) – a paste of Gurrh (jaggery), Bajri ki atta and Iron scraps
solution (iron scraps soaked in water). Outline blocks are dipped in this paste and are
printed onto the cloth.
Karhh Printing –This printing is done to attain the red colour. For this a paste of Alum,
Gondh (gum), Mitti (mud) and tamarind seeds powder is made and printed on the areas
where the red colour is required.
Sample Product (Fabric dyed & printed with natural dyes)
Figure 2-7 A sample of the cloth product made using wooden block printing
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Effluent Details
The water consumption profile for the cluster is addressed below:
Present production capacity of all the units of the cluster ≡ 10000 meters/ day.
Assumption: 12 meters fabric weighs 1 kg
Daily production ≡ 10000/12 ≡ 833 kg.
The specific water consumption (from the process flow chart) ≡144 L/kg.
The present total water consumption ≡ 833 X 144 ≡ 120 KLD.
Water is not used in Boiler (since there is no boiler) & cooling purposes
Sub-soil fresh water is withdrawn through existing two tube-wells available at site and supplied
to overhead tank followed by 600 KL elevated fresh water pond where it is stored. This supplies
water for processing under gravity.
There will be additional water consumption of 20 KLD on account of domestic, lab and other
washes.
Thus, the total water consumption ≡ 120+20 ≡ 140 KLD
Based on the pump capacity and operating hours, the total fresh water consumption has been
evaluated to be 140 KL/day.
Assuming negligible quantity of evaporation loss and human intake, the waste generation will be
of same amount i.e. 140 KLD.
As the CETP is proposed to operate for one shift only, the effluent peak flow rate will be very
high.
Due to non use of salt, TDS value of resultant effluent will also be very less. Similar observation
is noticed in case of color intensity of the effluent.
There are multiple point discharges through separate drain attached to each unit which has
shortest distance of 40 meters and furthest distance of 350 meters from the CETP.
Though actual discharge is very low, the peak and average flow will be reasonably high due to
one shift operation of CETP and discharge process being adopted.
The present water consumption pattern is shown in following Table 2-7:
Table 2-7: Effluent Generation Details
S. No. EFFLUENT GENERATION
SOURCE
Consumption
(KLD)
1. Process House 120
2. Lab, Other Wash 5
3. Cooling Nil
4. Softener For Boiler Nil
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5. Boiler Nil
6. Domestic 15
7. Additional Factor 10
TOTAL 150
Characteristics Of Effluent
The characteristics of the effluent load are given in the below table.
Table 2-8: Average Characteristics of Combined Untreated Effluent
Sr. No. Parameters Units Values
1. Total Discharge KLD 150
2. Proposed CETP Capacity KLD 150
3. Average Flow KL/Hr. 17
4. Peak Flow Rate KL/Hr. 25
5. Color Hz 40
6. pH value - 5 ~ 9
7. Total Solids mg/l 1770
8. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mg/l 75
9. Total dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/l 1695
10. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) mg/l 425*
11. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD, 3 days, 27 0
C) mg/l 150
12. Oil and Grease mg/l 17.5
13. Residual Chlorine (as Cl2) mg/l ≤ 20
14. Sulfide (as S) mg/l Not traceable
15. Chromium (as Cr) mg/l ≤ 1.5
*Recent observation has been found to be on the higher range.
Requirment Of Water Demand At CETP Site
2.8.6.1 During Construction phase:
Source: Proposed Borewell
Water Consumption: 1.5 KLD
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Waste Water Generation: 1.5 KLD
Waste Water Management Septic Tank.
2.8.6.2 During Operation phase:
Table 2-8: Water Consumption and Wastewater Generation
WATER CONSUMPTION
Sr. No Particulars Quantity (KLD)
1. Domestic 2
2. Gardening --
3. Industrial --
Process --
Washing --
Boiler --
Cooling --
Others 3
Total 5
WASTEWATER GENERATION
Sr. No Particulars Quantity (KLD)
1. Domestic 2
2. Gardening --
3. Industrial --
Process --
Washing --
Boiler --
Cooling --
Others --
Total 2
*The wastewater generated from the project site will be treated in the proposed CETP.
Consumption of Raw Materials
The raw materials for along with their consumption quantity is given in below table: -
Table 2-9 Consumption of Raw materials
Sr.No Title Quantity
a Lime 2250 Kg/month
b Ferrous Sulphate 1350 Kg/month
c Poly Electrolyte 4.5 Kg/month
d Other chemicals 2250 Kg/month
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Conveyance
As mentioned earlier, there is a cluster of 49 textile units. The proposed CETP will be located at
the centre of the cluster. The individual unit will function only in single shift operation basis which
increases the peak discharge reasonably higher than the average discharge flow rate if it
operates on 24 hours basis.
The effluent discharge from the participating units will be taken to the CETP site through 150 mm
dia. PVC Pipe, already laid down. The distance from the nearest unit is 40 meters and 350 meters
length is used to take the effluent from furthest unit.
The available slope for the pipeline already laid down is 1:200. The hydraulic drop provided is
1.75 meter vis-a-vis the estimated pressure drop for the furthest unit assuming full conduit flow
is 1.17 meter which is quite safe for the present peak flow rate. In Phase-2, with the increase in
the effluent discharge, the peak flow rate will also be increased. Then, the estimated pressure
drop will increase up to 5.02 meter which will exert a back flow unless the diameter of conduit is
increased.
The Conveyance layout is shown in the below figure 2-8:
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Figure 2-8: The Conveyance layout
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Treatment Scheme
The treatment scheme starts with the collection of process effluent and other domestic effluent
into an equalization tank after passing through an oil and grease trap. Due to rapid discharge,
the peak flow rate would be high which will be absorbed into the equalization tank of sufficient
storage capacity.
Before oil & grease trap the effluent will pass through Bar & Coarse screen which has to be
cleaned manually at regular intervals. The mixed effluent from equalization tank would then be
subjected to a physico-chemical treatment in a reaction tank having multiple chambers fitted
with agitators where Acid & Ferrous Sulphate dosing will be carried out followed by lime dosing
for PH enhancement. This leads to final precipitation of chromium and dye stuff materials which
gives effluent clarification.
Subsequently, it will be taken into a tube settler for settling of flocks through settling process.
The overflow from the settler-1 will be imparted an aerobic treatment for the reduction of
BOD/COD. Aerobic system will function on the principle of attached growth and suspended
model. This lowers BOD/COD load easily. It also partially removes color successfully through
bio-adsorption. The process is effective enough for handling peak load and easy for trouble-
shooting.
The effluent would now pass through a secondary clarifier for the separation of bio-mass and its
recycling as per design requirement in to the aeration tank. This reduces BOD/COD value of the
treated effluent to virtually a negligible level. Moreover, it removes foul smell, improves effluent
transparency, residual color etc. The system needs nutrient dosing of Nitrogen (N) & Phosphorus
(P) as per ratio BOD: N: P:100: 5: 1 to promote the bio-growth.
The partially treated effluent will then pass through a series of reaction chambers for final
polishing through precipitation technique. The oxidation process would remove color more than
99%, improve transparency and make the effluent fit for subsequent polishing treatment. At this
stage, part of the effluent could be discharged into green belt as the treated effluent
characteristics would be meeting the statutory norms of the state pollution control board. For
recycling, the partly polished effluent will be passed through battery of conventional filters
consisting of multi-grade filter, iron filter in order to achieve cent percent transparency.
Details on Equalization Tank
The details on the proposed equalization tank are given in the below table:
Table 2-10 Details of Equalization tank
SR.NO TYPE PARTICULARS
1. Length of Tank 7.0 m
2. Width 6.0 m
3. SWD 5.0 m
4. Free Board 1.0 m
5. Retention period 8.4 Hrs
6. No. of unit 1 No
7. Effective volume 210 m³
8. Total Volume 252 m³
9. Material of construction RCC
10. RCC wall thickness As per structural design
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Discharge Cum Recovery Standard
The achievable values of the final treated effluent will be superior as compared to the statutory
norm laid down by the state pollution control board as given in table 2-14 subject to the effective
operation of the plant. However, the discharge flow rate of the will vary as per production and
shall not exceed the design flow rate.
Table 2-11: ACHIEVABLE VALUES VIS-À-VIS STATUTORY NORMS
S.No. PARAMETERS ACHIEVABLE
VALUES
STATUTORY
NORMS UNIT
1. APPEARANCE CRYSTAL CLEAR
2. pH 6-8 6-9
3. SUSPENDED SOLID ≤ 50 ≤ 100 Mg/l
4. OIL & GREASE ≤ 5 ≤ 10 Mg/l
5. CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND ≤ 150 ≤ 250 Mg/l
6. BIO-CHEMICAL OXYGEN
DEMAND
≤ 15 ≤ 30 Mg/l
7. SURFACTANT ≤ 2 - Mg/l
8. SULPHIDE ≤ 2 ≤ 2 Mg/l
9. CR (VI) ≤ 0.05 ≤ 0.1 Mg/l
10. BIO ASSASY 90% of survival 90% of survival
of test animals
after 96 hours in
the 100%
effluent
Mg/l
11. TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLID ≤ 2100 ≤ 2100 Mg/l
12. HARDNESS 100 Mg/l
Treated Effluent Usage
The 75% of the effluent will be recycled for washing purpose within the cluster area and
remaining 25% treated water will be used for green area development.
Sludge Management
The proposed treatment scheme will result generation of sludge which requires efficient
management. It is important to manage it from the point where the sludge is generated to the
disposal of sludge. The details are given below:
Sludge Generation Point
There will be following two types of sludge generated during the treatment.
Chemical Sludge
Chemical sludge generated during the physico-chemical treatment in the reaction tank 1&2
would be settled in the bottom of the tube settlers. The wet sludge from tube settlers shall be
pumped at regular interval of time and collected into sludge sump.
Bio- Sludge
The biological sludge is generated during the secondary treatment. This is a biological treatment
takes place in MBBR & AERATION TANK and produces Bio-sludge which will be collected in
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the bottom of secondary clarifier and is recycled continuously to the aeration tank as a essential
feature of the process. Once the required concentration of micro-organism in the aeration tank
has been reached for optimum operation, its further increase is prevented by regulating the
quantity of sludge recycled.
Quantity Of Sludge Generated
The wet sludge shall be pumped at constant rate through the screw pump from sludge sump for
dewatering through filter press. Filter press are installed at elevated platform. The dewatering
through filter press converts the wet sludge in to sludge cake which would be collected in water
proof polythene bags. The quantity of dry sludge generated during the treatment is given below:
Dry Chemical Sludge Quantity
Rate of sludge generation:
1st
Tube-settler- 200 mg/L
2nd
Tube-settler – 50 mg/L
Total rate of chemical sludge generation: 200 + 50 = 250 mg/L
Total weight of dry chemical sludge/day (for 150KL) = 0.25 X 150 = 37.5 kg
Dry Bio Sludge Quantity
Rate of sludge generation: 100 X 0.3 mg/L
Total weight of dry Bio sludge/day (for 150KL) = 0.03 X 150 = 4.5 kg
Bio-Sludge Disposal
The waste bio-sludge from biological treatment (less in quantity) is biodegradable and rich in
nutrients can be used as manure for plantation/tress. However, after the treatment capacity
increases in phase-2, the quantity of the bio-sludge will be increased proportionately.
Temporary Storage Of Chemical Sludge At CETP Site
Being hazardous, the chemical sludge is to be managed with utmost care. Before its disposal,
the above sludge is proposed to be stored temporarily at the CETP site in a store made of made
of brick wall. The floor level of the store shall be at 0.5m above the ground level with 1.5 mm
HDPE lining to avoid the leaching and the shed shall be water proof.
Disposal of Chemical Sludge
The disposal of chemical sludge generated from CETP shall be carried out through authorized
agency prescribed by State Pollution Control Board as per the norms of Hazardous waste
management and Handling Rule 2016. There are few agencies that are authorized for hazardous
waste treatment, storage & disposal facility (TSDF) in the state of Gujarat.
M/s Saurashtra Enviro Projects Pvt. Ltd, which is located in Kutch District may be the suitable
place for sludge disposal. A MoU for disposal of waste will be done prior to start of operation
phase.
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CHAPTER 3
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
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3 Description of Environment
Introduction
The baseline environmental quality in the vicinity of the project site and the study area is useful
for identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts due to proposed project activities.
Prevailing environmental conditions served as an essential tool to determine the extent of
impacts likely to occur due to proposed activity. The existing environmental conditions provide
a datum to predict and assess the environmental changes likely to occur. The environmental
quality with reference to different environmental attributes namely Air, Water, Noise, Soil, Ecology
and Socioeconomic has been determined as desired at the scoping stage. The study covers the
core zone and buffer zone around the 10km radius if the project site. The baseline environmental
quality has been assessed post monsoon season period (Mid-September 2017 to Mid-
December 2017).
Information of baseline environmental status of the study area is useful for Impact Assessment
Process of assessing and predicting the environmental consequences of the significant actions.
Significant action depicts direct adverse changes caused by the action and its effect on the
health of the biota including flora, fauna and human being, socio-economic conditions, current
use of land and resources, physical and cultural heritage properties and biophysical
surroundings. Baseline data generation of the following environmental attributes is essential in
EIA studies:
I. Meteorology,
II. Ambient Air Quality,
III. Ambient Noise Quality,
IV. Surface and Ground Water Quality,
V. Soil Quality and Geological Features,
VI. Land Use Pattern,
VII. Ecological Status,
VIII. Socio-economic Status.
Study Area
For the description of baseline environmental scenario, the project area for 150 KLD CETP falling
within the Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster area has been considered as the core zone. The area
falling within a distance of 10 km from the boundary of the core zone has been considered as
the buffer zone. The core zone and the buffer zone, combined together, form the study area. The
study area of the proposed 150 KLD CETP at Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster, Tehsil Bhuj,
District Kutch has below co-ordinates:
Table 3-1 Corner Coordinates of the Project Site.
S.No. Latitude Longitude
1 23°13'53.76"N 69°47'42.20"E
2 23°13'52.86"N 69°47'42.41"E
3 23°13'52.24"N 69°47'40.84"E
4 23°13'53.37"N 69°47'40.51"E
Landform, Land-Use And Land Ownership
The Site of Common Effluent Treatment Plant is identified and marked on layout. NOC is issued
by Paddhar Village Panchayat for using the land to set up Common Effluent Treatment Plant by
Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan.
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Topography
The proposed site is located at 23°13'53.11"N Latitude and 69°47'41.35"E Longitude on a almost
flat terrain. It has an average elevation of 114 meters. Project site is marked on toposheet number
F42D16 shown on Figure 2-3.
Land use pattern.
The land use break-up of the area is given below:
Table 3-2 Land Use/ Land Cover classification table
S.no. Classes Area in Ha. Percentage
1 Built Up Area 1436.00 4.57
2 Crop Land 9307.00 29.63
3 Fallow Land 11596.00 36.91
4 Water Bodies 223.00 0.71
5 Mining Area 466.00 1.48
6 Forest Area/Hill /Scrub 8387.50 26.70
Total 31415.50 100.00
Figure 3-1 Graphical Presentation of Land Use/ Land Cover classification
4.57%
29.63%
36.91%
0.71%
1.48%
26.70%
Land Use Land Cover Classification
Built Up Area
Crop Land
Fallow Land
Water Bodies
Mining Area
Forest Area/Hill /Scrub
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Figure 3-2 Satellite Image Map of the Project site and study area
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Figure 3-3 Land use /Land Cover Map
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Soil Classification
The soils found in Kachchh district can broadly be grouped into four types, i.e., Shallow Black soils,
Residual Sandy soils, Coastal Alluvial soils and Desert soils. The Shallow black soils are found in central
and north-central parts of the Kachchh mainland and in Khadir and Bela Islands. These soils have
developed from basaltic rocks and rocks of Jurassic period. The depth of soil ranges from a few cm to
30 cm. Broadly, these soils are poor in fertility.
The Residual Sandy soils have developed in-situ from the parent material originated from red sandstone
and shale and are found over the areas underlain by Bhuj Sandstone. All these residual soils are shallow
in depth. They are reddish brown in colour with fine weak granular structure to poorly developed one.
These soils are sandy to loamy sand in texture dominated by coarse sand. These are non-calcareous,
neutral to alkaline in reaction with poor base saturation. They are affected due to salt accumulation.
From fertility point of view, they are poorly supplied with plant nutrients and, as such, support the crops
with short duration and less water requirement.
The hilly soils occur in the hilly areas central part of the district. The soil profile is not well developed
because of the steep slope and erosion. They have developed from the parent materials in the
respective areas. They are shallow in depth composed of undecomposed rock fragments and poor in
fertility. The Coastal Alluvial soils are found all along the southern coast. These soils are sandy clay loam
to clay in texture. The soil reaction varies with situation ranging from neutral to highly alkaline. These
soils are normally medium in fertility. At places, these soils are saline in nature The two Ranns (deserts)
of Kutch namely little Rann and great Rann have the soils which are formed as a result of the geological
processes of Pleistocene age. The alluvial deposits due to the river system flowing through the area
have subsequently been overlain by the Aeolian deposits. These soils are fairly deep, light grey in
colour. The texture is sandy to sandy loam with silty clay loam in some areas. The salt content is very
high with the sodium chloride as the dominant salt. The profile study reveals the presence of sufficient
amount of gypsum throughout the profile.
Climatic & Rainfall
Temperatures vary considerably from season to season. The summers are generally hot and winters are
cool. Mean maximum temperature ranges between 26.7°C during January to about 39.5°C during May
and the mean minimum temperatures vary between 9°C during January and 27°C during June.
The relative humidity in Kachchh as per IMD varies between 43.5% during March and 77% during
August. The wind velocity in the district varies from about 124 km/d during November and 375 km/d
during June. The potential Evapo-transpiration, calculated using Penman‟s Method varies between 3.4
mm/d during December and 9.2 mm/d during may.
Long-term average annual rainfall for Bhuj IMD station is 378.2 mm. Most of the rainfall (about 345 mm)
is received during south-west monsoon between June and September. The climatological data for IMD
station Bhuj is given in following Table 3-3:
Table 3-3: Climatological Data for IMD Station Bhuj
Month Max
Temp
(Deg.C)
Mini Temp
(Deg.C )
Humidity
(%)
Wind
Spd.
Kmpd
Sunshine
(Hours)
Solar Rad.
(MJ/m
2/d)
Eto
(mm/d)
Rainfalll
(mm)
January 26.7 9.0 47.0 138.2 8.9 16.7 3.6 2.0
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Month Max
Temp
(Deg.C)
Mini Temp
(Deg.C )
Humidity
(%)
Wind
Spd.
Kmpd
Sunshine
(Hours)
Solar Rad.
(MJ/m
2/d)
Eto
(mm/d)
Rainfalll
(mm)
February 29.8 12.0 45.5 149.0 9.5 19.5 4.5 1.1
March 34.9 17.6 43.5 177.7 10.1 22.8 6.2 2.9
April 38.7 22.1 44.5 217.2 10.8 25.6 7.9 0.7
May 39.5 25.2 53.5 330.3 11.4 27.1 9.2 1.7
June 37.1 27.0 65.0 375.2 8.7 23.1 7.7 33.9
July 33.6 26.2 75.0 346.5 5.3 17.9 5.4 136.3
August 32.5 25.2 77.0 307.0 5.4 17.6 4.9 120.7
September 33.7 23.8 70.5 229.8 7.9 20.2 5.4 54.2
October 35.9 20.6 52.5 141.8 9.6 20.4 5.3 15.4
November 32.4 15.5 48.0 123.9 9.3 17.6 4.1 7.7
December 28.1 10.5 49.0 131.0 8.9 15.9 3.4 1.6
Total - - - - - - - 378.2
Average 33.6 19.6 55.9 222.3 8.8 20.4 5.6 -
Site Specific Micro Meterological Data
Meteorological
Parameter
Months
Mid Sept 2017 to Mid
Oct 2017
Mid Oct 2017 to Mid
Nov 2017
Mid Nov 2017 to Mid
Dec 2017
Temperature (°C)
Min 24 20 12
Max 42 40 33
Avg 30.22 29.08 22.61
Relative Humidity (%)
Min 1 1 1
Max 96 99 91
Avg 50.69 34.07 34.00
Wind speed (m/s)
Min 3.7 1.9 1.9
Max 11.1 11.1 18.5
Avg 6.24 5.41 6.58
Predominant Direction From North & North East
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As per the wind rose, the predominant wind direction is confluence from North, North east & South West.
The maximum wind is calm in nature.
Air Environment
To quantify the impact of the project on the ambient air quality, it is necessary at first to evaluate the
existing ambient air quality of the area. The existing ambient air quality, in terms of Particulate Matter-
10 (PM10), Particulate Matter-2.5 (PM2.5), Sulphur-dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen dioxides (NO2), Ozone (O3)
and carbon monoxide (CO) has been measured through a planned field monitoring. To assess the
ambient air quality level, eight (8) monitoring stations were set up.
Monitoring Schedule:
Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out for the month of Mid Sept 2017- Mid Dec 2017 with a
frequency of 24 hours twice a week. Location Map is attached below:
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Figure 3-4 Map Showing Monitoring locations
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Table 3-4: Location of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
S.No. Monitoring location Distance Direction
1. Project Site 0 km --
2. Village Padhar 3.28km ENE
3. Village Lakhond 3.23km NNW
4. Village Kukma 2.58km SW
5. Village Reldi Moti 2.14km SSE
6. Village Ler 5.29km SW
7. Village Bhujodi 6.05km W
8. Village Vadvara 8.51km E
Table 3-5: Methods adopted for Ambient Air Parameters
Parameters Technique Technical Protocol
P.M 2.5 Gravimetric method CPCB Guidelines
PM 10 Gravimetric method IS 5182 (Part-23)
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Improved West and Geake
method
IS-5182 (Part-2)
Nitrogen Dioxides (NO2) Modified Jacob & Hochheiser
method
IS-5182 (Part-6)
Carbon Monoxide (CO) CO Analyzer (NDIR
technology)
CPCB Guidelines
Ozone (O3) IS-5182 (Part-2)
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Table 3-6: Ambient Air Quality Data
Location detail Ambient Air Quality Data A-1 (Project Site)
Particulars PM 2.5 PM10 NO2 SO2 O3 CO Benzene(VOC)
Minimum 25.45 60.95 11.27 8.02 4.18 BDL BDL
Maximum 27.86 69.75 13.42 9.89 6.34 BDL BDL
98 Percentile 27.79 69.75 13.35 9.78 6.3 BDL BDL
Average 26.86 65.15 12.48 8.76 5.42 BDL BDL
Location detail Ambient Air Quality Data A-2 (Padhar)
Particulars PM2.5 PM10 NO2 SO2 O3 CO Benzene(VOC)
Minimum 24.08 63.83 10.09 7.25 3.39 BDL BDL
Maximum 28.24 69.02 13.43 9.76 5.83 BDL BDL
98 Percentile 28.08 69.01 13.21 9.76 5.79 BDL BDL
Average 26.34 67.33 11.68 8.79 4.7 BDL BDL
Location detail Ambient Air Quality Data A-3 (Kukma)
Particulars PM2.5 PM10 NO2 SO2 O3 CO Benzene(VOC)
Minimum 17.2 49.11 8.55 6.37 4.18 BDL BDL
Maximum 21.86 66.02 11.13 8.39 6.41 BDL BDL
98 Percentile 21.8 65.28 11.01 8.37 6.38 BDL BDL
Average 19.53 57.68 10.17 7.44 5.43 BDL BDL
Location detail Ambient Air Quality Data A-4 (Reldi Moti)
Particulars PM2.5 PM10 NO2 SO2 O3 CO Benzene(VOC)
Minimum 18.32 57.95 8.46 6.38 4.01 BDL BDL
Maximum 22.09 65.85 10.7 8.39 6.05 BDL BDL
98 Percentile 21.89 65.8 10.66 8.34 5.98 BDL BDL
Average 20.15 62.25 9.45 7.54 5.06 BDL BDL
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Location detail Ambient Air Quality Data A-5 (Lakhond)
Particulars PM2.5 PM10 NO2 SO2 O3 CO Benzene(VOC)
Minimum 20.39 60.15 10.09 7.37 3.48 BDL BDL
Maximum 25.1 70.95 12.48 9.39 5.9 BDL BDL
98 Percentile 25.04 70.74 12.41 9.38 5.83 BDL BDL
Average 22.97 66.61 11.37 8.38 4.74 BDL BDL
Location detail Ambient Air Quality Data A-6 (Bhujodi)
Particulars PM2.5 PM10 NO2 SO2 O3 CO Benzene(VOC)
Minimum 19.14 60.24 9.55 7.16 4.58 BDL BDL
Maximum 25.94 70.79 12.57 9.49 7.35 BDL BDL
98 Percentile 25.7 70.72 12.5 9.43 6.71 BDL BDL
Average 23.01 67.74 11.25 8.55 5.08 BDL BDL
Location detail Ambient Air Quality Data A-7 (Ler)
Particulars PM2.5 PM10 NO2 SO2 O3 CO Benzene(VOC)
Minimum 25.39 63.19 13.1 8.27 4.45 BDL BDL
Maximum 28.98 72.02 16.02 10.31 6.57 BDL BDL
98 Percentile 28.91 71.91 15.87 10.28 6.45 BDL BDL
Average 27.17 69.84 14.63 9.35 5.53 BDL BDL
Location detail Ambient Air Quality Data A-8 (Vadvara)
Particulars PM2.5 PM10 NO2 SO2 O3 CO Benzene(VOC)
Minimum 25.57 60.57 13.26 8.33 4.36 BDL BDL
Maximum 28.8 72.12 16.16 10.21 6.83 BDL BDL
98 Percentile 28.79 72.06 16.11 10.11 6.54 BDL BDL
Average 27.26 68.54 14.82 9.19 5.43 BDL BDL
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Figure 3-5 Graphical Representation of PM2.5 monitored during Period Mid-September 2017 to Mid-
October 2017
Figure 3-6 Graphical Representation of PM10 monitored during Period Mid-September 2017 to Mid-
October 2017
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Project Site VillagePaddhar
Village Kukma Village ReldiMoti
VillageLakhond
Village Bhujodi Village Ler VillageVadvara
PM 2.5
Minimum Maximum Average
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Project Site VillagePaddhar
Village Kukma Village ReldiMoti
VillageLakhond
VillageBhujodi
Village Ler VillageVadvara
PM10
Minimum Maximum Average
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Figure 3-7 Graphical Representation of NO2 monitored during Period Mid-September 2017 to Mid-
October 2017
Figure 3-8 Graphical Representation of SO2 monitored during Period Mid-September 2017 to Mid-
October 2017
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Project Site VillagePaddhar
Village Kukma Village ReldiMoti
VillageLakhond
Village Bhujodi Village Ler VillageVadvara
NO2
Minimum Maximum Average
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Project Site VillagePaddhar
Village Kukma Village ReldiMoti
VillageLakhond
Village Bhujodi Village Ler VillageVadvara
SO2
Minimum Maximum Average
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Figure 3-9 Graphical Representation of O3 monitored during Period Mid-September 2017 to Mid-
October 2017
Results And Discussion
From the summarized monitoring results it is clear that the values are compared and the following has
been observed:
Parameter Minimum
Value (µg/m3
) Location
Maximum
Value (µg/m3
) Location
PM2.5 17.2 Kukma 28.98 Ler
PM10 49.11 Kukma 72.12 Vadvara
NO2 8.46 Reldi Moti 16.16 Vadvara
SO2 6.37 Kukma 10.31 Ler
O3 3.39 Vadvara 6.83 Vadvara
In all cases, the 24-hourly average levels of SO2 and NO2 were observed to be within the limit of 80
µg/m3
for residential, rural & other areas as stipulated in the National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
Also, in all cases, the PM2.5 levels were within the corresponding permissible limit of 60 µg/m3
. As well
as PM10 level were within the corresponding permissible limit 100 µg/m3
as stipulated NAAQS.
Water Environment
Water quality assessment is one of the essential components of EIA study. Such assessment helps in
evaluating the existing health of water body and suggesting appropriate mitigation measures to
minimize the potential impact from projects. Water quality of ground water as well as surface water has
been studied in order to assess proposed water-uses in construction, drinking, cooling and horticulture
purpose.
Monitoring Schedule:
Water monitoring was carried out for the month of September 2017
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Project Site Village Paddhar Village Kukma Village ReldiMoti
Village Lakhond Village Bhujodi Village Ler Village Vadvara
O3
Minimum Maximum Average
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Table 3-7: Location of Water Monitoring Stations
Surface Water
SW1 Pond at Village Padhar 2.55km SW
SW2 Pond at Village Kukuma 3.33km E
Ground Water
GW1 Project Site 0 km --
GW2 Village Padhar 3.28km ENE
GW3 Village Lakhond 3.23km NNW
GW4 Village Kukma 2.58km SW
GW5 Village Reldi Moti 2.14km SSE
GW6 Village Ler 5.29km SW
GW7 Village Bhujodi 6.05km W
GW8 Village Vadvara 8.51km E
Sampling Frequency and Sampling Techniques
Samples were studied at monthly intervals in the study period. Quality of ground water was compared
with IS: 10500: 2012 (Reaffirmed 1993 with Amendment No.3 July 2010) for drinking purposes. Surface
water quality was analyzed for parameters as mentioned in the ‘Annexure VII of CPCB guidelines’ and
it was rated according to the CPCB water quality criteria (Designated Best Use). Water samples were
collected in a 5 liter plastic jerry can and 500 ml sterilized clean glass bottles for physico-chemical and
bacteriological tests respectively. GW sampling was done after flushing out the source (minimum 10
minutes) to get the fresh ground water and grab sampling method was used. River water samples were
collected about 10 cm below the water surface. All sampling, preservative and sample handling
techniques were in accordance with APHA for examination of water& wastewater/ IS: 3025 (Part-1)/ IS:
1622. The samples were analyzed as per Indian Standard /APHA latest edition.
The surface water quality comparison with CPCB water quality criteria is given below
Table 3-8: CPCB water quality criteria
Designated-Best-Use
Class
of
water
Criteria
Drinking water source without
conventional treatment but after
disinfection
A Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be
50 or less;
pH between 6.5 and 8.5;
Dissolved Oxygen 6mg/l or more
Outdoor bathing (Organized) B Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be
500 or less;
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pH between 6.5 and 8.5;
Dissolved Oxygen 5mg/l or more
Drinking water source after
conventional treatment and
disinfection
C Total Coliform Organism MPN/100ml shall be
5000 or less;
pH between 6 to 9;
Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more
Propagation of Wild life and Fisheries D pH between 6.5 to 8.5;
Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more;
Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less
Irrigation, Industrial Cooling,
Controlled Waste disposal
E pH between 6.0 to 8.5;
Electrical Conductivity at 25°C micromhos/cm
Max.2250;
Sodium absorption ratio max. 26;
Boron Max. 2mg/l
Below-
E Not Meeting A, B, C, D & E Criteria
Surface Water Results
The surface water sampling was carried out in the month of September 2017. The Surface water
locations marked were small water holding ponds at Village Paddhar and Village Kukma. The monitored
results were shown in the below table:
Table 3-9: Surface Water Results (Sept-2017)
Sl. No. Parameters Unit SW1 SW2
1 pH - 7.73 7.4
2 Total Solid mg/l 1720 1620
3 Total Suspended Solid mg/l 1 1
4 TDS
1719 1619
5 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 2.4 2.3
6 COD mg/l 26.96 26.96
7 BOD mg/l 5.48 5.55
8 Oil and Grease mg/L 2 2
9 Calcium mg/L 20 18
10 Magnesium mg/L 1 7
11 Chloride as Cl mg/l 487.89 499.91
12 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 147.3 145.23
13 Nitrate(NO3) mg/l 1.22 1.39
14 Fluoride (aF) mg/l 0.69 0.63
15 Copper as Cu mg/l BDL(DL=0.02) BDL(DL=0.02)
16 Zinc as Zn mg/l BDL(DL=0.02) BDL(DL=0.02)
17 Cyanide as CN mg/L BDL(DL=0.2) BDL(DL=0.02)
18 Lead as Pb mg/l BDL(DL=0.008) BDL(DL=0.008)
19 Nickel as Ni mg/l BDL(DL=0.01) BDL(DL=0.01)
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20 Manganese(as Mn) mg/l BDL(DL=0.09) BDL(DL=0.09)
21 Total Arsenic as As mg/l BDL(DL=0.009) BDL(DL=0.009)
22 Total Chromium as Cr
mg/l BDL(DL=0.04) BDL(DL=0.04)
23 Mercury as Hg mg/l BDL(DL=0.001) BDL(DL=0.001)
24 Boron as B mg/l BDL(DL=0.2) BDL(DL=0.2)
25 Phenolic Compounds mg/l BDL(DL=0.001) BDL(DL=0.001)
26 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/L BDL(DL=0.003) BDL(DL=0.003)
27 Iron (as Fe) mg/L BDL(DL=0.02) BDL(DL=0.02)
28 Total Coliform (MPN/100ml) MPN/100ml 33 27
29 Faecal Coliform (MPN/100ml) MPN/100ml 23 21
The pH recorded for surface water at Village Paddhar is 7.73 and the pH of the surface water at Village
Kukma is 7.4. The Total dissolved solid varied from 1619-1719 mg/l, Calcium was found between 18mg/l
at village Kukma and 20mg/l at village Paddhar, Chloride was found 499mg/l and 487mg/l respectively.
In comparison, the Sulphate (SO4) was found higher in Village Padhar i.e. 147mg/l and Nitrate(NO3)
was found higher in Village Kukma i.e.1.39mg/l.
Ground Water Results
Similarly, ground water samples were collected from the eight different sources. The ground water
sampling collection was done in the month of Mid-September 2017. The below are the results described
for the monitoring conducted:
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Table 3-10: Ground Water Results (Sept-2017)
S.
No
Parame
ters
Limit as per
IS:10500
Unit
GW1 GW2 GW 3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8
Desira
ble
Limit
Permis
sible
Limit
Project
site
Village
Padhar
Village
Lakhond
Village
Kukma
Village
Reldi
Moti
Village
Ler
Village
Bhujodi
Village
Vadvara
1 Colour 5 15 Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5
2 Odour Agree
able
Agree
able -
Agreeabl
e
Agreeabl
e
Agreeabl
e
Agreeabl
e
Agreeabl
e
Agreeabl
e
Agreeabl
e
Agreeabl
e
3 Turbidit
y 1 5 NTU <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5
4 pH 6.5-
8.5
No
Relaxa
tion
- 7.75 7.71 7.63 7.75 7.68 7.73 7.65 7.7
5
Total
Hardne
ss (as
CaCO3)
200 600 mg/l 598 372 297 402 407 317 392 427
6
Calciu
m(as
Ca)
75 200 mg/L 125 95 62 117 95 95 87 123
7
Magne
sium
(as Mg)
30 100 mg/L 70 33 34 27 42 20 43 29
8
Chlorid
es(as
CI)
250 1000 mg/L 458.68 293.76 329.84 230.2 286.89 307.51 238.79 264.56
9
Phenoli
c
Compo
unds
0.001 0.002 mg/L BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
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S.
No
Parame
ters
Limit as per
IS:10500
Unit
GW1 GW2 GW 3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8
Desira
ble
Limit
Permis
sible
Limit
Project
site
Village
Padhar
Village
Lakhond
Village
Kukma
Village
Reldi
Moti
Village
Ler
Village
Bhujodi
Village
Vadvara
(as
C61-
150H)
10
Total
Dissolv
ed
Solids
500 2000 mg/L 1588 988 1046 878 1034 1064 908 1040
11
Sulphat
e(as
S04)
200 400 mg/L 184.3 117.8 106.9 101.9 121.9 103.9 103.7 104.7
12 Iron (as
Fe) 0.3
No
Relaxa
tion
mg/L 0.02 BDL(0.01
)
BDL(0.01
)
BDL(0.01
)
BDL(0.01
)
BDL(0.01
)
BDL(0.01
) 0.02
13
Nitrate
(as
NO3)
45
No
Relaxa
tion
mg/L 13.22 1.57 0.14 2.83 1.87 0.89 1.66 0.16
14 Fluorid
e(as F) 1 1.5 mg/L BDL(0.1) BDL(0.1) BDL(0.1) BDL(0.1) BDL(0.1) BDL(0.1) BDL(0.1) BDL(0.1)
15
Total
Alkalinit
y (as
CaCO3
)
200 600 mg/l 215.2 223.66 202.56 198.34 223.66 215.22 215.22 221.13
16 Copper
(as Cu) 0.05 1.5 mg/l
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
17 Nickel(
Ni) 0.02 -- mg/l
BDL(DL=
0.01)
BDL(DL=
0.01)
BDL(DL=
0.01)
BDL(DL=
0.01)
BDL(DL=
0.01)
BDL(DL=
0.01)
BDL(DL=
0.01)
BDL(DL=
0.01)
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62 | P a g e
S.
No
Parame
ters
Limit as per
IS:10500
Unit
GW1 GW2 GW 3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8
Desira
ble
Limit
Permis
sible
Limit
Project
site
Village
Padhar
Village
Lakhond
Village
Kukma
Village
Reldi
Moti
Village
Ler
Village
Bhujodi
Village
Vadvara
18 Zinc
(as Zn) 5 15 mg/l 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01
19 Conduc
tivity -- -
µmhos
/cm 2646 1646 1743 1463 1723 1773 1513 1733
20
Cyanid
e (as
CN)
0.05
No
Relaxa
tion
mg/l BDL(DL=
0.2)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
21 Lead
(as Pb) 0.01
No
Relaxa
tion
mg/l BDL(DL=
0.008)
BDL(DL=
0.008)
BDL(DL=
0.008)
BDL(DL=
0.008)
BDL(DL=
0.008)
BDL(DL=
0.008)
BDL(DL=
0.008)
BDL(DL=
0.008)
22
Total
Cromiu
m(as
Cr)
0.05 1.5 mg/l BDL(DL=
0.04)
BDL(DL=
0.04)
BDL(DL=
0.04)
BDL(DL=
0.04)
BDL(DL=
0.04)
BDL(DL=
0.04)
BDL(DL=
0.04)
BDL(DL=
0.04)
23
Cadmiu
m(as
Cd)
0.003
No
Relaxa
tion
mg/l BDL(DL=
0.003)
BDL(DL=
0.003)
BDL(DL=
0.003)
BDL(DL=
0.003)
BDL(DL=
0.003)
BDL(DL=
0.003)
BDL(DL=
0.003)
BDL(DL=
0.003)
24
Total
Arsenic
(as As)
0.05
No
Relaxa
tion
mg/l BDL(DL=
0.009)
BDL(DL=
0.009)
BDL(DL=
0.009)
BDL(DL=
0.009)
BDL(DL=
0.009)
BDL(DL=
0.009)
BDL(DL=
0.009)
BDL(DL=
0.009)
25 Boron
(as B) 0.5 1 mg/l
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
BDL(DL=
0.02)
26
Manga
nese
(as Mn)
0.1 0.3 mg/l BDL(DL=
0.09)
BDL(DL=
0.09)
BDL(DL=
0.09)
BDL(DL=
0.09)
BDL(DL=
0.09)
BDL(DL=
0.09)
BDL(DL=
0.09)
BDL(DL=
0.09)
27
Mercur
y (as
Hg)
0,001
No
Relaxa
tion
mg/l BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
BDL(DL=
0.001)
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63 | P a g e
S.
No
Parame
ters
Limit as per
IS:10500
Unit
GW1 GW2 GW 3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8
Desira
ble
Limit
Permis
sible
Limit
Project
site
Village
Padhar
Village
Lakhond
Village
Kukma
Village
Reldi
Moti
Village
Ler
Village
Bhujodi
Village
Vadvara
Microbiological Parameter
1 Colifor
m 10 -
MPN/1
00ml 7.8 9 4.5 17 11 5.6 4 4
2 E.coli
Shoul
d not
be
Detect
able in
any
100ml
sampl
e
- - Absent Absent Absent Present Absent Absent Absent Present
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64 | P a g e
Results & Discussion:
The analysis results indicate the pH ranges in between 7.63 to 7.75, the maximum pH of 7.75 was
observed at village Lakhond and the minimum pH of 7.63 was observed at Village Kukma. Total
hardness was observed to be ranging from 297 to 598 mg/l. The maximum hardness was recorded at
Project site and minimum was recorded at village Lakhond. Chloride was found to be in the range of
230.2 to 458.68 mg/l, the maximum concentration of chloride was observed at project site and minimum
value was observed at village Kukma.
Sulphates were found to be in the range of 101.9 to 184.3 mg/l. Maximum value observed at Project
Site, whereas the minimum value observed at Village Kukma
The total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentrations were found to be ranging in between 908 to 1588 mg/l,
the maximum TDS observed at Project Site and minimum concentration of TDS observed at Village Ler.
The parameters were analyzed and were found within permissible limits.
Soil Environment
To determine the exact impacts of any proposed project on soils, it is very essential to determine the
existing status of soil quality and existing stress through a study of soil quality assessment. Considering
this, surface soil (0- 30 cm) samples were collected from eight locations of study area as per standard
procedure of soil sample collection, once in study period. Outcome of soil quality studies is given in
Table-3.11. The analysis was done for physico-chemical characters. The Soil monitoring location is
indicated in Figure 3-4:
Table 3-11: Soil quality Results for month Sept 2017
Sample. Monitoring location Distance Direction
SS-01 Project Site 0 km --
SS-02 Village Padhar 3.28km ENE
SS-03 Village Lakhond 3.23km NNW
SS-04 Village Kukma 2.58km SW
SS-05 Village Reldi Moti 2.14km SSE
SS-06 Village Ler 5.29km SW
SS-07 Village Bhujodi 6.05km W
SS-08 Village Vadvara 8.51km E
Sampling Process & Analysis
The soil samples were collected once during the study period from each location. The sampling was
done using Augur Sampler and samples were filled in polythene bags, labeled in the field with number
and site name and sent to laboratory for analysis. Sampling & Analysis of soil was done as per ISO/ IS:
2720/ Soil Chemical Analysis by M.L. Jackson.
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65 | P a g e
Table 3-12: Standard Soil Classification
S. No. Parameters Classification
1 pH <4.5 extremely acidic
4.51 – 5.0 very strong acidic 5.01 – 5.5 strongly acidic 5.51-6.0
moderately acidic 6.1 – 6.5 slightly acidic
6.51-7.3 neutral
7.31-7.8 slightly alkaline 7.81-8.5 moderately alkaline 8.51 – 9.0 strongly
alkaline >9.0 very strongly alkaline
2 Salinity
Electrical
Conductivity
(millimho/cm)
Up to 1.0 average
1-2 harmful to germination 2-3 harmful to crops
3 Nitrogen (kg/ha) Up to 50 very less 51-100 less 110-150 good 151- 300 better >300
sufficient
4 Phosphorus
(Kg/ha)
Up to 15 very less
15 – 30 less
31-50 medium
51-65 on average sufficient
66-80 sufficient
>80 more than sufficient
5 Potasium
(Kg/Ha)
0-120 very less 120-180 less
180-240 medium 241-300 average 301-360 better >360 more than
sufficient
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Table 3-13: Soil Quality Results for month Sept 2017
S.No Parameter Unit SS-01 SS-02 SS-03 SS-04 SS-05 SS-06 SS-07 SS-08 Method Reference
Project
Site
Village
Padhar
Village
Lakhond
Village
Kukma
Village
Reldi
Moti
Village
Ler
Village
Bhujodi
Village
Vadvara
1 Soil Texture __ Sandy
Clay
Sandy
Clay
Sandy
Clay
Sandy
Clay
Sandy
Clay
Sandy
Clay
Sandy
Clay
Sandy
Clay
Manual of Soil
Testing,
Ministry of
Agriculture GoI
2 Bulk Density g/cc 1.47 1.41 1.44 1.38 1.41 1.35 1.39 1.45
Manual of Soil
Testing,
Ministry of
Agriculture GoI
3 Porosity % 22 25 27 29 24 32 28 28
Manual of Soil
Testing,
Ministry of
Agriculture Gol
4 Permeability cm/hour 0.82 0.88 1.2 1.5 0.94 0.95 0.92 0.85
Manual of Soil
Testing,
Ministry of
Agriculture Gol
5 pH (1:2.5 at
25°
C) --
7.6 7.27 8.62 6.92 8.1 7.27 6.98 8.27
Manual of Soil
Testing,
Ministry of
Agriculture Gol
6 Conductivity
(1:2.5 at 25°
C) mS/cm
3.89 3.57 3.33 2.69 2.83 3.17 2.83 3.47 is: 2720(Part
26)1987 R2011
7 Organic
Carbon %
1.06 1.02 1.12 0.96 1.18 0.93 0.93 1.13 IS 14767-2000
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S.No Parameter Unit SS-01 SS-02 SS-03 SS-04 SS-05 SS-06 SS-07 SS-08 Method Reference
Project
Site
Village
Padhar
Village
Lakhond
Village
Kukma
Village
Reldi
Moti
Village
Ler
Village
Bhujodi
Village
Vadvara
8 Organic
matter %
1.82 1.76 1.93 1.66 2.03 1.59 1.61 1.95 IS: 2720 P-22 1972
R 2010
9 CEC meq/100
g
90.00 96.00 94.00 90.00 88.00 90.00 94.00 88.00 IS: 2720 P-22 1972
R 2010
10 Available N % 0.08 0.10 0.15 0.28 0.06 0.14 0.22 0.06
Manual of Soil
Testing ,
Ministryof
Agriculture Got
11 Available
Phosphorus
mg/100
gm
0.01 0.0057 0.0099 BDL 0.007 BDL 0.005 0.03
Manual of Soil
Testing ,
Ministryof
Agriculture Got
12 Available
Potassium mg/kg
149 163 116 162 231 137 189 169
Manual of Soil
Testing ,
Ministryof
Agriculture Gol
13 Available Zn ug/gm 11.1 12.46 15.24 17.5 13.1 15.84 14.3 15.14
Manual of Soil
Testing,
Ministry of
Agriculture GoI
14 Available
Cu ug/gm
8.5 8.5 5.7 4.84 5.5 6.5 7.54 5.96
Manual of Soil
Testing ,
Ministryof
Agriculture Gol
15 Available Fe ug/gm 15.2 16.8 18.2 18.4 16.6 16.6 16.6 18.6 Manual of Soil
Testing ,
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68 | P a g e
S.No Parameter Unit SS-01 SS-02 SS-03 SS-04 SS-05 SS-06 SS-07 SS-08 Method Reference
Project
Site
Village
Padhar
Village
Lakhond
Village
Kukma
Village
Reldi
Moti
Village
Ler
Village
Bhujodi
Village
Vadvara
Ministryof
Agriculture Gol
16 Available Cr mg/kg 1.44 0.52
BDL
(DL=0.2)
BDL
(DL=0.
2)
BDL
(DL=0.2
)
BDI (DI
=0.2)
BDL
(DL=0.2
)
BDL
(DL=0.2
)
Manual of Soil
Testing ,
Ministryof
Agriculture Gol
17 Available
Pb mg/kg
0.54 0.37 BDL
(DL=0.2)
BDL
(DL=0.
2)
BDL
(DL=0.2
)
BDL
(DI
=0.2)
BDL
(DL=0.2
)
BDL
(DL=0.2
)
Manual of Soil
Testing,
Ministry of
Agriculture Gol
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69 | P a g e
Results & discussions:
Physical characters
The physical characters include grain size distribution (textural analysis), Porosity,
permeability.
Texture: Indicates relative proportion of various sizes of primary soil particles such as sand,
and clay present in the soil. Based on their quantities present in the soil samples and using
the textural classification diagram. The textural classes of Eight soil samples are mainly sandy
Clay.
Chemical Characteristics
The parameters considered for chemical analysis are: Soil reaction (pH), Electrical
conductivity (EC), organic matter, Available Potassium, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and
available phosphorous
A. Soil reaction (pH): The nutritional importance of pH is illustrated, thus hydrogen ion
concentration has influence not only on, solubility of nutrients, but also upon facility with which
these nutrients are absorbed by plants, even already in soil solution for e.g. Fe,Mn and Zn
become less available as pH rises from to 6.92 to 8.62 indicating soil is slightly alkaline.
B. Electrical conductivity (EC): The salt content of the soils are estimated by EC
measurements, and is useful to designate soils as normal or sodic (saline). Electrical
conductivity is expressed as µmhos/cm at 25°C, or mmhos/cm. The EC of eight soil samples
is between 2.69 to 3.89 mmhos/cm and are below the limits to be called as saline or salt
affected and hence the soils are normal for crop growth.
C. Organic matter: Although accounting for only a small part of the total soil mass in mineral
soils, organic matter influences physical, chemical and biological activities in the soil .organic
matter in soils is plant and animal residue which serves as a reserve for many essential
nutrient especially nitrogen. Determination of organic carbon in turn converted to organic
matter, helps to estimate the nitrogen which will be released by bacterial activity for the next
season depending on the climatic condition, soil aeration, pH, type of organic material and
other factors. The organic matter converted from organic carbon values ranges between 1.59
to 2.03% in the eight soil samples and is very low from crop growth point of view.
D. Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen: Total nitrogen gives an idea that how much is the potential nitrate
nitrogen is available for nitrification to release nitrate and ammonia nitrogen in the soils. The
eight soil samples ranges between 0.06 to 0.28 % and very low for crop growth.
E. Available Phosphorus (P2O5): Soil phosphorous is available in very low amounts to plants
since most of the total soil phosphorous is tied up in insoluble compounds, and its availability
depends on the soil pH. Calcium phosphate is formed in neutral and alkaline soils. Iron and
aluminum phosphate is formed in acidic sols. Phosphorous is most available from pH 6 to7
and is absorbed by plant as orthophosphate P2O5 converted from available P ranges
between 0.005 to 0.03 mg/100g and considered as very low.
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Noise Environment
The noise environment was monitored during the month of September 2017. The results of
the noise environment are given below:
Table 3-14 Noise monitoring results.
Sl. No. Location Unit Results
Day Time Night Time
1
Average Noise Level
Around Project Boundary-
Ps
db(A) 54 42.8
2 N1 Village Padhar db(A) 54.2 43.2
3 N1 Village Lakhond db(A) 51.5 40.2
4 N1 Village Kukma db(A) 53.4 41.6
5 N1 Village Reldi Molti db(A) 52.4 40.7
6 N1 Village Ler db(A) 50.2 40.8
7 N1 Village Bhujondi db(A) 52.2 41.9
8 N1 Village Vadvara db(A) 52.9 41.5
It was observed that the noise levels both during day time and night time are found within the
permissible limits.
Geo Hydrology
The formations belonging to the Bhuj (Umia) series form the most prolific aquifer system in
the district. This aquifer is extensively developed in central part of the district in a belt extends
from Gadhuli-Dayapar-Lakhpat area in the west to Bhachau in the east. Lithologically the
Bhuj Sandstone comprises of fine to coarse grained sandstone interbedded with siltstone
and shale. The sandstone, which mainly forms the aquifer is soft, friable and highly
porous/permeable. The quality of ground water in general is fresh with EC < 3000 μS/cm,
excepting in the western Kachchh where it is mostly saline with EC > 5000 μS/cm. Besides
this, the quality of the formation water is known to deteriorate with depth in underlying lower
Bhuj formations Ground water occurs both under phreatic and confined conditions. The
unconfined of the phreatic aquifers system in this formation extends down to a depth ranging
from 20 m to about 100 m depending on the presence of aquitards/confining layers. The
ground water in central parts occur mainly in unconfined to semi-confined conditions
whereas in the western part, the deeper horizons within this system are under confined
conditions and free flow / auto flow conditions are also observed at places. The ground water
in phreatic system is generally developed through dug wells, dug-cum-bored wells and
shallow tubewells. However, due to excessive development and deepening of water levels,
most of the dug wells have gone dry, particularly in Bhachu-Dudhai, Anjar-Khedoi-Vidi, Kera-
Sisagadh and Deshalpur-NakhatranaNetra areas. In these areas, the ground water is mainly
developed through deep and medium depth tubewells ranging in depth from 80 to 250m.
Thesetubewells tap aquifer zones in the depth range of 40 to 220m with aggregate thickness
of granular zones ranging from 30 to 100m. The discharge of tubewells range between 40
and 360 m3/hr for drawdowns ranging between 3 and 12m. The piezometeric levels / water
levels in Bhuj Sandstone ranges from 30 to 70 m bgl.0
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Soil Percolation
Percolation is the movement of water within soil matrix. Percolation rate control the infiltration
rate. Percolation in soils is primarily due to gravity pulling the water vertically downward. The
rate of percolation is controlled by grain size.
Percolation Test:
A percolation test consists of digging one or more holes in the soil of the proposed leach field
to a specified depth, presoaking the holes by maintaining a high-water level in the holes, then
running the test by filling the holes to a specific level and timing the drop of the water level
as the water percolates into the surrounding soil. There are various empirical formulae for
determining the required size of a leach field based on the size of facility, the percolation test
results, and other parameters. For leach line testing, a minimum of three test holes are drilled,
most commonly six to eight inches in diameter. Ideally, these should be drilled to different
depths from three to six feet below the surface. For better, more conclusive results, five drill
holes are used in a pattern of one hole at each corner of the proposed leach field and one
test hole in the center. Testing of these holes will result in a value with units of minutes per
inch. This value is then correlated to a predetermined county health code to establish the
exact size of the leach field.
Testing for horizontal pits typically requires five to eight test holes drilled in a straight line, or
along a common contour, from three to ten feet below the surface. Testing is identical to leach
line testing, though the end result is a different type of septic system, established through a
different calculation.
Vertical seepage pits are slightly different in testing methods due to their large size, but the
basic testing method is essentially the same. A hole, typically three to four feet in diameter is
drilled to a depth of twenty or thirty feet (depending on the local groundwater table), and a
fire hose is used to fill the pit as quickly as possible, and then, again, its dissipation rate is
observed. This rate is used to calculate the size and number of pits necessary for a viable
septic system.
Finally, for leach line systems and horizontal seepage pits, a "deep hole" is drilled to find the
water table or to approximately twelve feet (dry). Exact depths will again depend on local
health codes. In the case of a vertical seepage pit, local groundwater data may be used, or
if the drill hole reaches groundwater, the pit will be backfilled again according to county
health codes.
Formula for Calculation of Percolation Rate:
Percolation rate = amount of water (mL) / percolation time (min).
During the study, percolation rate of project site is found between 0.82cm/hr.
Ecology & Biodiversity
Biodiversity is often considered synonymous with species richness of the area. Identifying,
measuring, and monitoring biodiversity is a complex exercise. The Biodiversity assessment
generally concern with, conducting biodiversity inventories; for assessing existing
biodiversity. This provides the information on the biodiversity richness of the area under
consideration. The selection of indicators differs for biodiversity monitoring as per the output
required. Various criteria have been developed for selection of indicators, taking into account
biological as well as logistical aspects (Noss, 1990, UNEP, 1992).
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Ramsar Convention and the Convention
on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) recognize, impact
assessment as an important tool for helping to ensure that development is planned and
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72 | P a g e
implemented with biodiversity in mind. The CBD requests Parties to apply impact assessment
to projects, programmes, plans and policies with a potential negative impact assessment on
biodiversity. Conference of parties to the Convention on Biological diversity (CBD) held at
Curitiba, Brazil on March 20th-31st ,2006 suggested biodiversity to be considered in impact
assessment by providing voluntary guidelines on biodiversity inclusive Environmental Impact
Assessment. CBD provides a strong international platform for applying impact assessment
techniques to biodiversity conservation. It specifically calls for impact assessment measures
to ensure that biodiversity is addressed in projects, plan and policy decision (Article14). An
underlying justification for the application of impact assessment is also given in Article -8
which is for promoting the protection of ecosystems, natural habitats, promoting
environmentally sound and sustainable development in areas next to the protected areas.
Biological Diversity
The variety and variability of organisms and ecosystems is referred to as biological diversity
or Biodiversity. Biodiversity is a term which has gained enormous importance in the past few
years. Technically, it is a contraction of 'biological diversity'. For the purposes of the CBD
(Article 2. Use of Terms), 'Biological Diversity' is "the variability among living organisms from
all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the
ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between
species and of ecosystems".
In practice, 'biodiversity' is most often used as a collective noun synonymous with nature or
'Life on Earth' (WCMC Biodiversity Series No 5, 1996). The biodiversity, we see today is the
result of billions of years of evolution, shaped by natural processes. The vast array of
interactions among the various components of biodiversity makes the planet habitable for all
species, including humans. There is a growing recognition that, biological diversity is a global
asset of tremendous value to present and future generations. At the same time, the threat to
species and ecosystems has never been as great as it is today. Species extinction caused
by human activities continues at an alarming rate. Protecting biodiversity is for our self-
interest and for the future generation.
Physical Environment of the Area
Ajrakhpur comes under tehsil Bhuj & district Kutch. Bhuj is in the Kutch District, in the N-W
part of India. It is located at a height of about 110m in the center of the Kutch District. The
location of Bhuj is strategic as it is having hills on its eastern side & a huge lake Hamirsar on
the other side. It is located on 23.27 N latitude & 60.67 E longitude.
Climate
Summers in Bhuj are very scorching & winters are pleasant. During summers, the minimum
temperature is about 22o
C and the maximum temperature is 40o
C or more. During July &
August the city gets the maximum rainfall & then the intensity of the rainfall decreases. Winter
months are from November to February, temperature ranges between 24o
C to 28o
C.
Forests
Recorded Forest Area
The recorded forest area in the state is 18,927 km2
which works out as 9.66% of the
geographical area. Reserved, Protected and Unclassed Forests constitute 74.61%, 2.53%
and 22.86% of the total forest area respectively
.
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Table 3-15: DISTRICT-WISE FOREST COVER (Area in km'
DISTRICT GEOGRAPHICAL
AREA
VERY
DENSE
MODERATELY
DENSE
OPEN
FOREST
TOTAL % GA CHANGE SCRUB
Ahmedabad 8,707 0 14 130 144 1.65 1 14
Amreli 6,760 0 63 167 230 3.4 0 36
Anand 3,214 0 18 34 52 1.62 -3 5
Banas Kantha 9,858 0 370 472 842 8.54 -2 186
Bharuch 6,458 0 81 227 308 4.77 -11 5
Bhavnagar 11,155 0 52 235 287 2.57 7 79
Dahod 4,405 1 163 540 704 15.98 2 36
Gandhinagar 649 0 6 36 42 6.47 0 2
Jamnagar 14,125 0 54 358 412 2.92 -2 66
Junagarh 8,281 15 952 641 1,608 19.42 8 23
Kuchchh 45,652 0 304 1,995 2,299 5.04 -12 564
Kheda 3,980 0 20 74 94 2.36 -1 16
Mahesana 8,540 0 19 195 214 2.51 -1 50
Narmada 2,580 20 465 474 959 37.17 0 21
Naysari 2,215 18 125 145 288 13 -2 8
Panch Mahals 4,461 0 176 394 570 12.78 0 35
Patan 3,332 0 4 79 83 2.49 0 24
Porbandar 2,326 0 16 107 123 5.29 3 16
Rajkot 11,203 0 4 137 141 1.26 0 34
Sabar Kantha 7,390 29 305 470 804 10.88 2 91
Surat 7,657 84 778 454 1,316 17.19 9 32
Surendranagar 10,489 0 8 165 173 1.65 0 92
The Dangs 1,762 209 745 414 1,368 77.64 0 3
Vadodara 7,794 0 144 479 623 7.99 0 27
Valsad 3,029 0 345 590 935 30.87 1 14
Total 196,022 376 5,231 9,012 14,619 7.46 -1 1,479
*Source: FSI 2015
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Methodology
The primary objective of survey was to describe the floristic and faunal communities within
the study area. The knowledge of species habitats requirement, soil type, terrain, vegetation
etc. were used to predict species occurrence. This Rapid biodiversity assessment were
undertaken by identifying potentially rich sites from satellite imaginary (Google Earth) and
conducting the field survey in the potential habitats. GPS was utilized for locating field sample
plots as well as gathering positional attributes of sighted flora and faunal species. For Floral
survey, sample plots have been randomly distributed within the identified rich biodiversity
potential habitats that falls under study area. The methodology adopted for faunal survey
involved; faunal habitat assessment, random intensive survey, opportunistic observations,
diurnal bird observation, active search for reptiles, active search for scats and foot prints and
review of previous studies. The aim was to set baselines in order to monitor and identify
trends after the commencement of production system activity. Emphasis has been placed on
presence of rare, endemic, migratory and threatened species, if any present in the study
area. Desktop literature review was conducted to identify the representative spectrum of
threatened species, population and ecological communities as listed by IUCN, ZSI, BSI and
in Indian wild Life Protection act, 1972. The status of individual species was assessed using
the revised IUCN category system.
Field study period: The ecological survey has been conducted for one season. The details
are given as below:
❖ Study period : Post-monsoon
❖ Survey sites : Ajrakhpur
❖ Core zone : At the project site
❖ Buffer zone : Around the project site in 10 km radius.
Table 3-16: Mode of Data Collection & Parameters Considered During the Survey
ASPECT DATA MODE OF DATA
COLLECTION
PARAMETERS
MONITORED
Terrestrial
Ecology
Primary data
collection By field survey Floral and Faunal diversity
Secondary
data
collection
From authentic sources like
Forests department of
forest and published
literatures.
Floral and Faunal diversity
and study of vegetation,
forest type, importance etc.
Aquatic
Ecology
Primary data
collection By field survey Floral and Faunal diversity
Secondary
data
collection
From authentic sources like
Forests department and
available published
literatures
Floral and Faunal diversity
and study of vegetation,
forest type, importance etc.
Types of Forests found in the study area
1) Desert Thorn Forest (6B/C1): This type of forest is characterized by open forests of
scattered trees found mainly in the districts of Kuchchh, Banas Kantha, Mehsana,
Junagarh and Amreli. Main species of top storey are Acacia senegal, Acacia leucophloea,
Azadirachta indica. Euphorbia neriifolia, Salvadora spp, Capparis spp, Zizyphus spp is
the main species of the lower storey.
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2) Acacia Senegal Forest (6/E2): This type is found as an open overwood of pure Acacia
senegal with a few associates and little undergrowth. Major species are Acacia senegal,
Prosopis spicigera which is occasionally found growing along with Zizyphus spp. Main
districts having this type are Kuchchh, Jamnagar, Porbandar, Junagarh, Bhavnagar,
Rajkot, Surendranagar, Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar.
*Source: Atlas: Forest types of India by Champion & Seth
BIODIVERSITY OF TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT
Habitat Description of The Project Site and Its Immediate Surroundings
Study area falling within 10 km radius (Buffer zone) from the site was predominantly
dominated by three major habitat types such as agricultural land, waste land and forest land.
The proposed site is surrounded by waste lands and industrial patch, the major crop
practiced in this region are Cotton, Wheat and Caster. The nearest habitation is in Ajrakhpur
village. Patches of waste lands with wild species of scrub vegetation and scattered tree
species dominated by Prosopis juliflora and lantana belongs to revenue department. The
water body includes talav, village ponds are located in and around study area, are seasonal
and less amount of water observed in talav during site visit.
The project site of this location is situated in an undulating terrain surrounded by forests,
hillocks and clay stones quarries are dominating in entire zone. Plain area has been
converted for agriculture activities and using drip irrigation system due to water scarcity. As
the study area is situated in the semi-arid region, entire forest patch typical dry-deciduous
forests were observed in this zone. Vegetation of this area is mainly consisting of either
xerophytes or short-lived annuals. Vegetation is sparse, because of the scarcity of water. The
thorny scrubs are the dominant vegetative cover in most of the region surveyed. In entire
region Prosopis sp. is dominant flora with less dominant species of Acacia nilotica and
Calotropis procera. Kaswali River which flows near Habai village was completely died up
during survey. In overall major vegetation in the study area is thick patch of Prosopis juliflora.
Dominant vegetation is Salvadora persica, Zizyphus sp. and Acacia sp. with ground cover
almost dry.
Floral diversity of the study area
The climatic, edaphic and biotic variations with their complex interrelationship and
composition of species, which are adapted to these variations, have resulted in different
vegetation cover characteristic of each region. The following account of floral diversity, based
on the field survey conducted for a short duration in October 2017, is aimed only to give a
general pattern of vegetation of this region as a baseline data. The floral species including
trees, herbs and shrubs were documented in core and buffer zone separately during base
line study.
Core Zone (project site)
These were the species which were found within 2 kms from the project site Calotropis
procera, Prosopis juliflora, Indigofera oblongifolia, Azadirachta indica, Cassia auriculata,
Rumex dantatus, Chenopodium album, Delonix regia, Ficus elastic, Mimosa pudica, Datura
stramonium, Carica papaya.
Buffer Zone
In buffer zone totally 69 floral species observed. Among this 30 species trees 17 species
shrubs; 22 species herbs were listed in Table 3-17.
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Table 3-17: Tree Species Present In The Study Area
S.No. Species Name Local Name Family
Trees
1 Acacia auriculiformis Austrialan baval Mimosaceae
2 Acacia nilotica Baval Mimosaceae
3 Acacia senegal Gobita Mimosaceae
4 Acacia planiforns Chatra Bvaval Mimosaceae
5 Ailanthus excelsa Aurdso Simarubaceae
6 Azadirachta indica Limbado Meliaceae
7 Cassia auriculata
8 Cassia fistula Garmalo Caesalpiniaceae
9 Cocos nuclifera Narial Arecaceae
10 Datura stramonium Solanaceae
11 Delonix regia Fabaceae
12 Eucalyptus sp. Nilgari Myrtaceae
13 Ficus bengalensis Vad Moraceae
14 Ficus elastica Moraceae
15 Mangifera indica Ambo Anacardiaceae
16 Mimosa pudica
17 Moringa oleifera Sargavo Moringaceae
18 Prosopis cineraria Khyigdo Fabaceae
19 Prosopis juliflora Fabaceae
20 Pithecellobium dulce Gorasmli Mimosaceae
21 Polyalthia longifolia Asopalav Annonaceae
22 Phoenix dactylifera -- Arecaceae
23 Rumex dantatus
24 Senna siamea Kasida Caesalpiniaceae
25 Ziziphus jujube Indian date Rhamnaceae
26 Tamarindus indica Imli Fabaceae
27 Salvadora persica Pilu Salvadoraceae
28 Acacia nilotica Babul Fabaceae
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29 Syzygium cumini Jamun Myrtaceae
30 Lannea coromandelica Ash tree Anacardiaceae
Shrubs
1 Acacia jacquemontii Ratobaval Mimosaceae
2 Balanies aegyptica Delile Ingoria Balanitaceae
3 Bougainvillea spectabilis Bougainvel Nyctaginaceae
4 Calotropis gigantea Akado Asclepiadaceae
5 Calotropis procera Akado Asclepiadaceae
6 Capparis sepiaria Kanthar Capparaceae
7 Cassia auriculata Aval Caesalpiniaceae
8 Commiphora wightii Gugal Burseraceae
9 Datura metel Daturo Solanaceae
10 Dichrostsachys cinerea Mordundiyun Fabaceae
11 Euphorbia nivulia Thor Euphorbiaceae
12 Euphorbia tirucalli Kharsani Euphorbiaceae
13 Gossypium herbaceum Kapas Malvaceae
14 Ricinus communis Divel Euphorbiaceae
15 Zizyphus nummularia Chanibor Rhamnaceae
16 Zizyphus mauritiana Bor Rhamnaceae
17 Sapindus trifoliatus Sapindaceae
Herbs
1 Andropogon trispicatus Poaceae
2 Andropogon assimilis Poaceae
3 Argemone mexicana Mexican poppy Papaveraceae
4 Aerva javanica Gorakhganjo Amaranthaceae
5 Atriplex stocksii Amaranthaceae
6 Basilium polystachyon Dungrau Tulsi Lamiaceae
7 Dichanthium annulatum marvel grass Poaceae
8 Digitaria adscendens Poaceae
9 Cenchrus biflorus Indian sandbur Poaceae
10 Chrysopogon zizanioides bunchgrass Poaceae
11 Echinops echinatus Roxb Shulio Asteraceae
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12 Echinochloa colona Jungle rice Poaceae
13 Euphorbia prostrate -- Euphorbiaceae
14 Euphorbia hirta L. -- Euphorbiaceae
15 Eragrostis ciliaris Poaceae
16 Fimbristylis dichotoma forked fimbry Cyperaceae
17 Hygrophila auriculata Acanthaceae
18 Launaea resedifolia Asteraceae
19 Parthenium
hysterophorus
Asclepiadaceae
20 Trianthema
portulacastrum
Aizoaceae
21 Tridax procumbens Coat buttons Asteraceae
22 Evolvulus alsinoides slender dwarf
morning-glory
Convolvulaceae
Cultivated plants in the study area
The main corps practiced in study area were Gossypium herbaceum (Cotton), Ricinus
communis (Castor), Solanum melogena (Brinjal), Sorghum vulgare (Jowar), Pennisetum
typhoideum (Bajra) and Cyamopsis tetragonolaba (Gawar). The crop practiced during the
winter season in this locality is Wheat (Triticum aestivum). Agricultural lands were in dried
condition except at few places where some agricultural practices were still active with drip
irrigation.
Major Crops
Major crops in the study area is Wheat (Triticum aestivum) during winter.
Minor Crops
The minor crops of this region are Bajra (Pennisetum typhoides), Jowar (Sorghum bicolar)
Horticulture Practices and fruit grown
Keri (Mangifera indica); Pomegranate (Punica granatum) and Chikoo (Manilkara zapota)
Rare and endangered flora in the study area
The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation
status of plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of
thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all
regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the
most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. Among the enumerated flora in
the study area, Commiphora wightii was a threat category, by RED data book of Indian Plants.
(Nayar and Sastry, 1990) and Red list of threatened vascular plants (IUCN, 2010, BSI, 2003)
Faunal biodiversity of the study area
For the documentation of the faunal biodiversity of the study area with respect to mammals,
birds, reptiles & amphibians, a survey had been conducted in October 2017.
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Mammals from the study area
Core Zone
No mammals were observed in core zone during site visits except some domestic animals.
common birds are observed
Buffer Zone
The wild mammals were observed along with domesticated species in the buffer zone are
documented and tabulated in Table 3-18 below.
Table 3-18 : List of Species found in the buffer zone.
S.No. Scientific Name Common Name WPA-1972 IUCN list
i. Funambulus pennanti Five striped Palm squirrel IV
ii. Herpestes edwardsi Common Mongoose II
iii. Boselaphus
tragocamelus
Nilgai III
iv. Lepus nigricollis Hare IV
v. Sus scrofa Indian Wild Boar III
vi. Gazella bennettii Chinkara LC
vii. Pteropus giganteus Indian Flying Fox V LC
BIRDS OF THE STUDY AREA
Core Zone
No birds were found in proposed site except Red-wattled Lapwing.
Buffer Zone
The most commonly spotted water bird species of this area were Cattle Egret, Intermediate
Egret, Little Egret, Indian Cormorant, Black-winged Stilt, Red-wattled Lapwing, Red-naped
Ibis, Black-headed Ibis, Systematic account of the birds in the study area with the status of
occurrence is given in the Detailed list of birds in buffer zone were mentioned in Table 3-19
below .
Table 3-19 Systematic lists of birds in the buffer zone with its distribution and migratory
status
S.No. Scientific Name Common Name WPA-1972 IUCN list
1 Anas platyrhynchos Mallard LC
2 Anas poecilorhyncha Spot-billed Duck LC
3 Apus apus Common Swift LC
4 Apus affinis Little swift LC
5 Accipiter badius Shikra Schedule IV LC
6 Elanus caeruleus Black-winged Kite Schedule IV LC
7 Ardea cinerea Grey Heron Schedule IV LC
8 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret Schedule IV LC
9 Mesophoyx intermedia Intermediate Egret Schedule IV
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S.No. Scientific Name Common Name WPA-1972 IUCN list
10 Egretta garzetta Little Egret Schedule IV LC
11 Ardeola grayii Indian Pond Heron Schedule IV LC
12 Himantopus himantopus Black-winged Stilt Schedule IV LC
13 Vanellus indicus Red-wattled Lapwing Schedule IV LC
14 Pelecanus Onocrotalus Great White Pelican LC
15 Phalacrocorax carbo Great Cormorant LC
16 Tachybaptus ruficollis Little Grebe Schedule IV LC
17 Pseudibis papillosa Red-naped Ibis Schedule IV LC
18 Platalea leucorodia Eurasian Spoonbill Schedule IV LC
19 Columba livia Rock Pigeon Schedule IV LC
20 Coracias benghalensis Indian Roller Schedule IV LC
21 Merops orientalis Green Bee-eater Schedule IV LC
22 Centropus sinensis Greater Coucal Schedule IV LC
23 Eudynamys scolopacea Asian Koel
Schedule IV LC
23 Surniculus lugubris Drongo Cuckoo
Schedule IV LC
24 Pavo cristatus Indian Peafowl
Schedule I LC
25 Francolinus pondicerianus Grey Francolin
Schedule IV LC
26 Lanius schach Long-tailed Shrike
LC
27 Saxicoloides fulicata Indian Robin
Schedule IV LC
28 Copsychus saularis Oriental Magpie-Robin
Schedule IV LC
29 Saxicola caprata Pied Bushchat
- LC
30 Passer domesticus House Sparrow
Schedule IV LC
31 Pycnonotus jocosus Red-whiskered
Bulbul
Schedule IV LC
32 Psittacula krameri Rose-ringed Parakeet
LC
33 Orthotomus sutorius Common Tailor bird
LC
34 Turdoides striatus Jungle Babbler
Reptiles from the study area
Core Zone
Calotes versicolor was observed in core zone during field survey.
Buffer Zone
Detailed list of reptiles in buffer zone were documented in Table 3-20
Table 3-20 List of Reptiles in the buffer zone.
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S.No. Common Name Scientific name
WLA-1972
WPA -1972
IUCN list
1 Common garden lizard Calotes versicolor Schedule -IV
2 Common rat snake Ptyas mucosa Schedule -II
3 Indian Cobra Naja naja Schedule -II LC
4 Russell’s Viper Daboia russelii Schedule -IV LC
5 Common Indian Krait Bungarus caeruleus Schedule -II
6 Cheakered keelback Natrix piscator Schedule -IV
7 Indian Chameleon Champacuon zeylanicus Schedule -IV LC
As per Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972
Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended on 17th January 2003, is an Act to provide for
the protection of wild animals, birds and plants and for matters connected therewith or
ancillary or incidental thereto with a view to ensuring the ecological and environmental
security of the country.
Some of the sighted fauna were given protection by the Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act,
1972 by including them in different schedules. Among the birds in the study area, Pea fowl
(Pavo cristatus) is included in schedule I of Wild life protection Act (1972), while many other
birds are included in schedule IV.
Among the reptiles, Indian Cobra (Naja naja), and Common Rat Snake (Ptyas mucosus) and
Common Krait (Bungarus caeruleus) were provided protection as per Schedule - II of Wild
life protection act, (1972).
Among mammals; Common Mongoose (Herpestes edwardsi), is a schedule - II mammals.
Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) and Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) are provided protection by
incorporating them in schedule - III, Hares and five stripped squirrels are included in
schedule IV of Wild Life Protection act 1972.
Aquatic Flora & Fauna
Some ponds were observed in the nearby villages around the Project site. Following species
of aquatic fauna was observed:
Table 3-21 Aquatic Flora and Fuana
S.No. Scientific Name Common Name Family
I. Marsilea spp. Aquatic fern Marsileaceae
II. Lemna spp. duckweed Araceae
III. Nelumbo nucifera lotus Nelumbonaceae
IV. Eichhornia crassipes Water hycinth Pontederiaceae
V. Hemicryptophyte hydrophyte Typha minima Typhaceae
VI. Ceratophyllum demersum hornwort Ceratophyllaceae
VII. Nasturtium officinale watercress Brassicaceae
VIII. Hydrocharis morsus-ranae common frogbit Hydrocharitaceae
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IX. Potamogeton crispus curled pondweed Potamogetonaceae
Following species of zooplanktons was observed:
S.No. Scientific Name Groups Family
i. Brachionus sp. Rotifers Brachionidae
ii. Filinia minuta Rotifers Trochosphaeridae
iii. Diaptomus sp. Copepoda Diaptomidae
Following fishes were observed in the nearby village ponds:
S.No. Scientific Name Common Name Family
I. Gibelion catla Catla catla Cyprinidae
II. Labeo rohita Rohu Cyprinidae
III. Cirrhinus cirrhosus Mrigal Cyprinidae
Greenbelt Development
The plot area of CETP is devoid of any tree species. therefore, no felling of trees will be there.
Selection of species for greenbelt development in this semiarid area is done carefully. Only
suitable species is recommended for plantation. However, in addition to above, it is proposed
to develop greenbelt around the perimeter and all available spaces.
➢ The general consideration involved while developing the greenbelt are:
➢ Trees growing up to 10 m or above in height with perennial foliage should be planted
around various available spaces of the proposed project.
➢ Planting of trees should be undertaken in appropriate distances between rows and plants
around and within the project site.
➢ Generally fast-growing local species with aesthetic values are planted.
➢ Since, the tree trunk is normally devoid of foliage up to a height of 3 m, it may be useful
to have shrubbery in front of the trees so as to gives coverage to this portion.
The species recommended for greenbelt development are given below:
Table 3-22 Along the Roadside
Sl no Botanical Name Local Name
1. Alstonia scholaris Chatin
2. Albizia chinesis Siris
3. Bauhinia purpurea Kanchan
4. Cassia fistula Honoru
5. Acacia leucophloea Safed kikkar
6. Commiphora wightii Guggul
7. Salvadora oleoides Peelu
8. Prosopis cineraria Khejri
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Table 3-23 Along the CETP Infrastructure shrubs are planted
1. Grewia tenax Gondni
2. Grewia Villosa Hairy-Leaf Cross berry
3. Nerium indicum Kaner
The plantation will be at a spacing of 2.5 x 2.5 m. About 1600 trees per ha will be planted.
277 sq.m. area is available for green belt development and accordingly 45 number of trees
are proposed to be planted.
The maintenance of the plantation area will also be done by the project proponent. The
treated wastewater and the components manure generated by solids waste will be used for
the greenbelt development.
The cost of plantation per hectare is estimated at Rs. 1,00,000 per hectare which includes
sapling cost, nursery cost, labor cost, cost of manure, weeding etc. It is proposed to plant
about 277 sqm of land as a part of Greenbelt development. The total cost works out to be
Rs. 12770 for green belt development.
Socio Economic Impact Assessment
Introduction Social Impact Assessment is a major pre-requisite to begin any new project. For every new
project, socioeconomic impact assessment is mandatory. To conduct this study there are
many things come together. For this project, specifically it is not simple social assessment, it
includes history, culture, tradition and a story of struggle and move forward against a natural
calamity, i.e. Devastating Earthquake in Bhuj in 2001.
The artisan, the Khatris who populate the village was born into a centuries old tradition of
“Ajrakh,” or Block – printing. Their ancestors were recruited to Kutch from a historic province
of Pakistan, Sindh, at the king’s request for handmade textiles in the 16th
Century. Following
the Muslim tradition, Ajrakh designs are iconic: they do not depict human or animal figures.
Instead, they represent local botany, ceremonious fruits and interpretations of the night sky.
So, Ajrakhpur is where Kutchi artisans and craftsmen who do block printing live and work.
The art is called “Ajrakh “and the village derives its name from that. The village is particularly
featureless. It is in the middle of endless, open, flat Kutch country. There are remote outlines
of hills or elevations. Vegetation is scanty. Houses and workshops look the same: drab, single
storied or at most few have an additional first floor, all done in bricks and concrete,
earthquake resistant. A thousand or more villagers live here Eighty –four are block printing
craftsmen. All of them came here by way of resettlement after the Gujarat earthquake of 2001.
The assessment is made through a socio-economic survey and secondary data analysis. The
outcome of the study relies on both quantitative and qualitative measure of impacts. The
impacts are evaluated in terms of changes in community demographics, housing,
employment, wage income, market effects, public services, retail business, quality of life and
artistic qualities of the community. Qualitative assessment of community perceptions about
development is an important measure of development impacts. Assessing proposed
developments in socio-economic context will help the community leaders and local people
identify potential social equity issues, evaluate the adequacy of social services and
determine whether the project has adverse effects on overall social well-being or not.
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Project site
To maintain and to continue development there is a requirement of Common Effluent
Treatment Plant for Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster. It is situated in Bhuj Tehsil, district Kutch,
Gujarat. The Proposed project is a new project. The capacity of the project CETP is 150 KLD.
Bhuj is at the distance of 14 km from the project site. The project is falling under Category
“B”. The present strength of the cluster is 49 textile processing units and it is expected that
in near future another 50 units may migrate to this cluster. Presently, the units have a monthly
production capacity of nearly 2, 87,512 meters.
Bhuj, Adipur, Gandhidham, Mandvi are the nearby city to project site.
Bhuj city have all facilities of many Schools, Colleges, Petrol pumps, Hospitals, Temples,
Hotels, ATMs, Cinema Theaters, Bus stops etc. which is a distance of14 km approx. from
project site.
Study Area
Ajrakhpur is a village has come in Existence after 2011 and Padhar is Panchayat in Bhuj
Taluka district Kachchh of Gujarat State, India. It is located 18 KM towards East from District
head quarters Bhuj. 337 KM from State capital Gandhinagar. Reldi Nani ( 4 KM ) , Vadvara (
6 KM ) , Kukuma ( 3 KM ) , Mamuara ( 7 KM ) , Saiyedpar ( 8 KM ) are the nearby Villages to
Padhar. Padhar is surrounded by Anjar Taluka towards East, Adipur Talker towards East, and
Gandhidham Taluka towards Eastand Mundra Taluka towards South.
Table 3-24 Coordinates of the stud area.
S.No. Latitude Longitude
1 23°13'53.11"N 69°47'41.35"E
The site is located at about 23°13'53.11"North Latitude and 69°47'41.35"East Longitude.
Hindi, Gujarati is the Local Language here.
Methodology
The socio-economic profile has been studied through random sample primary surveys and
secondary data. The main focus will be given to the local people in employment and
providing other amenities. Namely data was collected from local villages. Accordingly; both
qualitative and quantitative data was analyzed from secondary sources. Primary Census
Abstract 2011 is the main source of secondary data. Collection and evaluation of baseline
data for various socio-economic parameters in and around the proposed sites has been done
(within 10 km radius of the study area). Village, within the study area are being identified from
survey of India Toposheet. Fig 1 is showing the location of villages falling within10 km radius
of boundary.
On the basis of a preliminary reconnaissance survey, a questionnaire was developed to make
it suitable to fulfill the objectives of the study. The data collected during the above survey was
analyzed to evaluate the prevailing socio-economic profile of the area.
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Figure 3-10 - Showing 10 Km Buffer Map Showing Settlements
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Baseline Data
Total 22 villages are found in the radius of 10 km from project site as per the Map (Figure 3-
10 ). According to the 2011 census data population of 22 villages are 30,036. The male
population is 15,354 and female population is14,682.
The majorities of the people in this district still depend on agriculture but in Bhuj Tehsil
majority of people depends on handicraft. With the implementation of the proposed project
the occupational status of the people in the area will improve. Employment opportunity will
increase and it makes more people engaged in small scale and large scale industrial
activities.
Table 3-25 Demographic Profile of the study area (10km) in villages/CT Ajrakhpur District
Kachchh Gujarat:
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Name of the
villages
No_H
H TOT_P TOT_M TOT_F P_06 P_SC P_ST P_LIT TOT_WORK_P MAINWORK_P MARGWORK_P NON_WORK_P
Harudi 38 179 102 77 33 0 0 74 43 41 2 136
Chapreli 399 1793 892 901 233 119 0 1054 674 671 3 1119
Raydhanpa
r 250 1114 569 545 157 82 1 665 399 366 33 715
Varnora
Mota 188 996 476 520 190 248 0 433 381 355 26 615
Galpadar 85 396 196 200 72 0 0 239 212 173 39 184
Kali Talavdi 481 2345 1193 1152 334 405 4 1301 646 626 20 1699
Vadvara 51 237 120 117 46 30 1 130 105 104 1 132
Padhar 809 3726 1857 1869 564 10 41 2203 1276 1170 106 2450
Lakhond 682 3136 1560 1576 473 289 11 1827 1006 876 130 2130
Traya 145 672 329 343 105 25 0 414 351 209 142 321
Purasar 53 284 152 132 73 0 5 127 118 97 21 166
Gado 166 820 430 390 114 4 3 566 285 265 20 535
Bhujodi 789 3484 1876 1608 462 1440 3 2432 1381 1150 231 2103
Nava Vas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kukma 1636 7216 3733 3483 986 1547 64 4916 2442 2139 303 4774
Reldi Moti 58 250 128 122 42 0 54 86 73 73 0 177
Reldi Nani 98 388 206 182 53 0 20 228 144 144 0 244
Kanderai 153 712 347 365 121 82 11 392 222 217 5 490
Vavdi 3 21 13 8 7 0 0 2 14 6 8 7
Vadva 90 464 233 231 86 0 0 276 141 114 27 323
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Name of the
villages
No_H
H TOT_P TOT_M TOT_F P_06 P_SC P_ST P_LIT TOT_WORK_P MAINWORK_P MARGWORK_P NON_WORK_P
Ler 81 405 206 199 95 0 0 158 112 112 0 293
Reha Mota 295 1398 736 662 182 278 0 799 479 410 69 919
Total
Village=22 6550 30036 15354 14682 4428 4559 218 18322 10504 9318 1186 19532
Terminology:-
No_HH* - Number of House Holds
TOT_P*- Total Population
TOT_M*- Total Male Population
P_06*- Population below 6 years
P_SC*- Population Scheduled Caste
P_ST* - Population Scheduled Tribe
P_LIT*- Population Literate
TOT_WORK_P* - Total Worker Population
MAINWORK_P*- Main Worker Population
MARGWORK_P*- Marginal Worker Population
NON_WORK_P*- Non WorkerPopulation.
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DEMOGRAPHY
Table 3-26 Demographic Profile of the study area (10km) in Ajrakhpur Tehsil Bhuj District
Kachchh Gujrat:
Nu
mb
er o
f th
e V
illa
ge
s
Tota
l H
ouse
ho
ld
Tota
l P
op
ula
tio
n
Ma
le
Fem
ale
Pop
ula
tio
n b
elo
w 6
yrs.
SC
P
op
ula
tio
n
ST P
op
ula
tio
n
No
o
f lite
ra
te
Tota
l w
orke
r
Ma
in W
orker
Ma
rg
inal W
orke
r
No
n- w
orke
r
SUM TOTAL of
22Villages/
CT
655
0
3003
6
1535
4
1468
2
442
8
455
9
21
8
1832
2
1050
4
931
8
118
6
1953
2
*Source: Census 2011
The above table 3-26 presents the demographic profile of the 22 villages located within 10km
radius of the project area in Tehsil Bhuj in district Kachchh Gujarat. All these villages are falling
within Tehsil Bhuj.
Baseline Data
The total Household in 22 villages are 6,550 and the total population is 30,036. The male
population is 51% and female population is 48.88%. Kukma has the highest population followed
by Padhar and Bhujodi and Nava Vas has no population followed by Vavdi, only 3 households
of 21 peoples.
Literacy rate is around 61% which is considerably lower than the overall state figure which is
79.31%.The Schedule Caste population is 15.17%.The Schedule Tribe community found in these
villages is very less only 0.72%. There are few villages where no schedule caste or schedule
tribe population. The population, below six year is 14.74%. Total working population is
concerned 34.97%. Population is considered as main worker is 31%and Non worker is
65%whereas marginal worker considered 3.94% within study area.
Social Composition
Population of the study area is predominantly Muslims. Hindus, Jains and Christians are also
present in the study area. The main communities among Hindus are Hingora, Sindhi Rajpoots
and Patel etc. From the baseline data it is found that the majority of population in these villages
followed by Muslim with a number of Hindus. Hindi is the most widely spoken language with
Gujarati, Kutchi and Sindhi.
Culture
Bhuj is a famous hub of handicraft work like bandhni (tie-dye) and leatherwork. Artisans of nearby
villages bring their artwork for sale in Bhuj haat which is situated near jubilee ground. Bhuj is
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famous for the jolly nature of its citizens, who usually go to the surroundings of Hamirsar Lake to
relax.
Ajrakhpur is known worldwide for the art of Ajrakh, block printing uses colors derived from nature,
such as indigo, mixture of camel dung, henna, soda ash and castor oil, sprays of turmeric water,
pomegranate peel boiled in water, waste iron, my robalan, madder, root of rhubarb and mud.
Scrap iron is a common sight around the workshops in this village. This is because the colour
black is created using a mix of iron, jaggery, and gram flour. In some cases, the fabrics are
washed up to 20 times. This process takes about 10 days and produces around 200 litres of it in
one batch. Bhuj is also famous for its food, especially pakvans, dabelies (a local burger stuffed
with mashed potato, cooked with masala curry and serious chutneys).
Economy
The market for Ajrakh is growing. There is demand from abroad. Marketing and supply chains
are better managed today. In India, firms like Fabindia, Anokhi, and Itokri sourced what they
made. But the artisans are unable to generate more volumes. The use of natural dyes has
increased prices and impacted demand. Another worry is the depletion of ground water. Water
is vital for printing and washing .Small rivulets and water flows in Kutch have dried up due to
dams built on the Indus river in Sindh. The village has electricity only for six hours daily.
Whatever be it, the art of Ajrakh has to go on. It is too beautiful and aesthetic to let perish. The
strong economic reason is it gives employment and regular income to the Khatris.
Employment
The project would be promoting better employment and ancillary business opportunities of local
population. The local area is backward and most of the population is engaged in handicraft
activities and income in this area is depending on a single occupation. The Proposed project
CETP shall enhance the socio-economic status of the area. There are few skilled and unskilled
labours during construction phase and five to six persons during operational phase will be
employed in the project.
Road, Rail and Air Connectivity
The Ajrakhpur is well connected with Road and railway.
The Nearest Railway Station: Kukma Railway Station, Kutch: Approx. 3km, in SW direction (Aerial
Distance).
The Nearest Airport: Bhuj Airport, Kutch: Approx. 14km, in WNW Direction (Aerial Distance).
The Nearest Highway: National Highway NH-42 is at a distance of approx 0.5km in North
direction.
3.17.6.1 Basic Amenities
Educational
The Bhuj has all facility of schools, college and educational institutes which is approx. 14 km
from the project site. Alfred High School, the first high school of Kutch in Bhuj, established in
1870, is also an architectural heritage of the town. Kranti guru Shyamji Krishna Verma Kachchh
University also located in Bhuj. The university has 41 colleges affiliated, nineteen of which are in
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Bhuj. The university gives degrees in Arts, Science, Commerce, Law Education, Management,
Pharmacy, Social Welfare, Medicine and Engineering.
Medical
The Bhuj has all type of medical facilities like Nursing Home, Charitable Hospital, Primary Health
Centers and Ayurvedic Hospital besides many private clinics which are about 14 km from the
project site. But there is primary health centre in village. There are also Unani, Ayurvedic, and
Homeopath along with Allopathic Treatment. Adani Institute of Medical Sciences is also situated
in Bhuj.
Electricity
Electricity is available in all small villages of study area. But there is lack of continuous power
supply.
Housing and Drinking water
A major part of the houses in the study area pucca houses. All villages in the study area have
water supply for domestic purposes. The sources of water supply in most of the villages are
through pipe line however people have preference for ground water. The water source in these
areas is through the water supply connection and private bore wells.
Transport
The general mode of transportation is by road. National Highway is at the distance of 0.5 km
from the project site. Private Vehicles like private buses services, Auto Rickshaw and many
private tour operators also share a major responsibility of the transport in the study area.
Numbers of private and state Govt. buses of Gujarat State Road Transport
Corporation (GSRTC) are operating on roads. State Transport buses are available from the ST
stand in the middle of the town to various places in Gujarat. The existing local transport facility
is, appears to be sufficient.
Post and Telegraph
The Post office facility, telegraph office and telephone office and telephone, FAX, STD, ISD etc.
is located in some nearest villages. The study area is connected through mobile.
The Bhuj town with all modern facility is at distance of14 Km from the project site.
Interpretation of primary data:
From field visit and survey it has been drawn that the nearest villages are Padhar and Kukma ,
both are at the distance of 3 km from the project site. According to the document the total area
is 4,608 sq.m. and it is a flat waste land. The approach road to the project site from the village
is Pucca. The nearest State Highway is Bhuj Bhachau SH at a distance of 700mtr.
There are nursery and primary schools are in Ajrakpur. There is a secondary school is in Kakond
, named BMCM Secondary School. For further studies students go to Bhuj. In Bhuj there is
Degree College and ITI.
Electricity and telephone connection are available in this village. Approximately 145 Households
have their inside home electric connection. The main telephone office is in Bhuj. There is a Post
office is in Kukma which is at a distance of 3 Km.
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Kukma also has the medical facilities. Primary Health Centre is situated in Kukuma. So doctors
are available there. District Hospital is in Bhuj which is at a distance of 14 km.
Banking facility is also available in Padhar. Central Bank is there to serve the local people.
Ajrakpur Bus Stop is also very near from the project site. It is only 700mtr from the site.
So from the interpretation it is clear that the basic necessities and arrangements of modern day
to day life is present in Ajrakpur and the proposed project will bring more opportunities for locals
towards the development.
Place of Historical or Archaeological Interest
Ajrakhpur, the main project area itself is a place of interest. It was discussed in the starting of
analysis. Bhuj also is a place of Historical or Archaeological importance. The Bhuj town is located
at distance of about 14Km from project site. Bhuj is named after his Bhojia Fortress.
The Bhuj is named after his Bhujia fortress. The region is said to have witnessed the Indus Valley
civilization, exile of the Pandavas during the Mahabharata period. Bhuj is most famous for the
wide variety of handicraft which includes Kutchi embroidery with mirror work, bandhini, hand
printed textiles textiles and saris etc. Bhuj remained an independent state under the rule of the
British.
Overview of the study area
Ajrakhpur is the village in Bhuj taluka. Bhuj is one of the regions which are affected by
tremendous Earthquake. When most of the people were celebrating Republic Day on January
26, 2001, a devastating earthquake caused an extensive damage to human life and property in
Gujarat, besides damages to houses, property and loss of livestock. The state of Gujarat suffered
an unprecedented damage to its physical infrastructure. The area Ajrakhpur is predominant by
Khatri community. Khatri is a caste from the northern Indian subcontinent. The Muslim Khatri are
originally from Hindu Khatri community who had converted to Islam Khatris in India
and Pakistan are mostly from the Punjab region. Scott Cameron Levi describes Khatris among
the "most important merchant communities of early modern India.
This area is not sound in respect of basic amenities like education and health.
The occupational pattern of people in Ajrakhpur village is block printing. Khatri is communities
are engaged in the work of block printing art called Ajrakh. But the involvements of females
are negligible only men are working in this occupation.
The Ajrakhpur village is known for his natural dyes not only in India but also in Abroad.
Overall review of the Socio-Economic report of the study area it has found that the area is not
Educationally, Economically sound. But the Block printing art Ajrakh provide an employment
opportunity to local people and give them a motive to live better life. Proposed project will help
in the improvement of area for management of effluent from industries.
Prominent Industries in Tehsil Bhuj
Bhuj has become an industrial hub of Gujarat. In the past one decade there are many prominent
industries developed in Bhuj. The most prominent Genre of industries that has grabbed good
hold in Bhuj is the chemical and mineral industry. Apart from chemical industry the place even
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has got many small and large scale industries. The business and economy of Bhuj has seen
leap with significant industrialization in the city. The administration of the Bhuj has helped to
these industries greater extent to grow. It is support of the government of Gujarat that Bhuj has
the maximum industries in Kutch district. The Various Manufacturing setup industries names like
Aashapura Minechem Limited, Gujarat Minerals Development Corporation Ltd., Gimpex Ltd.,
Mangal Minerals, Anchor Health & Beauty Care, Laviosa Trimex Ind. (pvt.) Ltd., Hansa Exports,
PSK Minerals Development Pvt.Ltd., Bharat Automobiles, ORG Engitech Pvt. Ltd, Synthetic
Textile Export promotion Council, PACL Ltd., A to Z Building Material, Shukra Land Developers,
Patwa Traders All have their units in the town with hundreds of companies in present times.
Impact Assessment & Conclusion:
The project activity together with inflow of capital and employment of local inhabitants has shown
positive impact on the overall social and economic condition of the people of the area. The
project has provided a direct opportunity to the artisans and locals. Literacy has further
increased because of better income and awareness amongst the people. Indirect employment
is being generated in trade and other ancillary services. Employment in these sectors is both
permanent and temporary or contractual and involvement of unskilled labour. Major parts are
this labour force is mainly from local villagers who are expected to engage themselves both in
agriculture and project activities. This enhances their income and lead to overall economic
growth of the area. The following socio-economic changes are expected due to project activities:
➢ The proposed project CETP provides employment to the Artisans and local peoples.
➢ The project is having positive impact on income through multiplier effect.
➢ The employment shall be in the form of skilled as well as unskilled worker.
➢ CETP reduce water pollution.
➢ Cleanness of the area will be improved by the management of water and other effluent by
CETP.
➢ The impact of the proposed project will improve the people`s quality of life.
➢ The establishment of CETP is essential, because the effluents are coming from Block Printing
Cluster at Village Ajrakhpur, So to maintain the social and environment balance construction
and impact of the proposed project is for the betterment of local people and their livelihood.
Rehabilitation &Resettlement (R&R) Action Plan
The site is free from any settlement so there is no need of displacement of the people for
proposed project, hence, No R&R applicable.
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CHAPTER 4
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACTS & MITIGATION
MEASURES
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4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures
Identification Of Impacts
Various sources of pollutions with respect to wastewater, air emissions, hazardous waste and
noise generation along with their qualitative and quantitative analysis as well as measures taken
to control them are discussed herein with details. The network method was adopted to identify
potential impact, which involves understanding of cause-condition-effect relationship between
an activity and environmental parameters. This method involves the “road map” type of approach
to the identification of second and third order effects. The basic idea is to account for the project
activity and identify the type of impact that could initially occur followed by the identification of
secondary and tertiary impacts.
Predictions And Evaluation Of Impacts
Evaluation is an absolute term used for assessment and prediction by means of numerical
expression or value. Assessment is the process of identifying and interpreting the environmental
consequences of the significant actions. Prediction is a way of mapping the environmental
consequences of the significant actions.
Significant Action depicts direct adverse changes caused by the action and its effects in health
or biota including flora, fauna and human, socio-economic conditions, landforms and resources,
physical and cultural heritage properties and quality of bio-physics surrounds.
Prediction requires scientific skill drawn from many disciplines. Prediction of ecological
components is often uncertain, because their response to environmental stress cannot be
predicted in absolute terms. The assessor (one who does the assessment) and decision maker
(one who take the decision after adequate analysis of assessment report) is expected to be
aware of the degree of uncertainty. The assessor generally uses the following methods and
resources for impact assessment.
• ¨ Field surveys and monitoring
• ¨ Guideline and modeling
• ¨ Literature surveys and interviews
• ¨ Qualification and experience
An impact can be defined as any change in physical, chemical and biological, cultural and
socioeconomic environment that can be attributed to activities related to alternatives under study
for meeting the project needs. Impact methodology provides an organized approach for
assessing and predicting these impacts.
Impact assessment is based on conceptual notions on how the universe acts that is intuitive
and/or explicit assumption concerning the nature of environmental process. In most of cases the
predictions consists of indicating merely whether there will be degradation, no change or
enhancement of environment quality. In other cases, quantitative ranking scales are used. The
selection of indicator is crucial in assessment because impacts are identifies and interpreted
based on impact indicator. An impact indicator is a parameter that provides a measure (in at
least some qualitative or numerical sense) of the significance and magnitude of the impact. In
India indicator is developed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in the form of primary
water quality criteria, biological water quality criteria, and national ambient quality criteria for air
and noise.
The impact of the proposed project on the surrounding environment has been considered based
on the information collected at site and from proponent. The environmental impacts have been
categorized as long or short term and reversible or irreversible. Primary impacts are those, which
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are attributed directly by the project while secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly
induced. These typically include the associated investment and changed pattern of social and
economical activities by the proposed project of CETP.
Direct impacts occur through direct interaction of an activity with an environmental, social, or
economic component. For example, discharge of effluent from the Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
into a river may lead to a decline in water quality in terms of high biochemical oxygen demand
(BOD) or dissolved oxygen (DO) or rise of water toxins or rise of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS),
etc.
Indirect impacts on the environment are those which are not a direct result of the project, often
produced away from or as a result of a complex impact pathway. The indirect impacts are also
known as secondary or even tertiary impacts. For example, ambient air SO2 rise due to stack
emissions may deposit on land as SO4 and cause acidic soils. Another example of indirect
impact is the decline in water quality due to rise in temperature of water bodies receiving cooling
water discharge from the nearby industry. This, in turn, may lead to a secondary indirect impact
on aquatic flora in that water body and may further cause reduction in fish population.
Cumulative impact consists of an impact that is created as a result of the combination of the
project evaluated in the EIA together with other projects in the same vicinity causing related
impacts. These impacts occur when the incremental impact of the project is combined with the
cumulative effects of other past, present and reasonably foreseeable future projects.
Scientific techniques and methodologies based on mathematical modeling are available for
studying impacts of various project activities on environmental parameters. The nature of the
impacts due to said project activities are discussed here in detail. Each parameter identified in
proceeding chapters, is singularly considered for the anticipated impact due to various activities
listed. The impact is quantified using numerical scores 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in increasing order of
activity. In order to assess the impact accurately, each parameter is discussed in detail covering
the following:
a. Project activities like to generate impact
b. Quantification and prediction of impact
Minor and temporary impacts are expected due to the construction activities. All the impacts of
construction phase will be short term only and its very limited as minor construction work is
anticipated for requirement of project.
Operation of the project may be potential to affect quality of life, air, noise, water, land and flora,
fauna and human by increase in air, noise and water pollution, by increase in common effluent,
by pollution from air emission through flue gas emission and MEE evaporation.
During the operation phase, the following activities are considered significant.
a) Air emission (Significant)
b) Noise generation (Minor)
c) Hazardous waste generation (Significant)
d) Water use and waste water treatment (Significant)
e) Employment Generation (Minor)
The operation of the project will involve discharge of pollutants. There will be air emission,
hazardous waste generation and mechanical noise. An assessment of the quantitative changes
in the various environmental components is therefore essential for predicting the impact.
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Operational phase activities will have impacts, either short terms or long term and reversible or
irreversible on ambient air and noise, surface and ground water, land, socio-economic and
cultural environment.
Air Environment
Air pollution can cause significant effects on the ambient environment, and subsequently on
humans health, animals, vegetation and materials. It primarily affects the respiratory (e.g. by fine
dust), circulatory (e.g. by carbon monoxide) systems in humans. In most cases, air pollution
aggravates pre-existing diseases or degrades health status, making people more susceptible
to other infections or the development of chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
Environmental impacts from air pollution can include acidic deposition and reduction in visibility.
Assessment of prevailing ambient air quality status in the vicinity of proposed project site is an
important part of environmental impact assessment study. The hot semi-arid climatic conditions,
especially winds prevailing in India mainly control the dispersion of air pollutants during different
seasons. According to the India climatology, for all practical purposes in air pollution studies,
there are three seasons in a year, viz. winter, pre-monsoon and post-monsoon. For the
quantitative assessment of the environmental impact on the ambient air environment during
these seasons, atmospheric dispersion modeling is required. Atmospheric dispersion modeling
is the mathematical simulation of how air pollutants disperse in the ambient atmosphere. It is
performed with computer programs that solve the mathematical equations and algorithms which
simulate the pollutant dispersion. The dispersion models are used to estimate or to predict the
concentration of air pollutants emitted from sources on the desired area. Such models are
important to governmental agencies tasked with protecting and managing the ambient air
quality. The models are typically employed to determine whether the ambient air quality level
due to proposed project will compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) or not. Over and above models also serve to assist in the design of effective control
strategies to reduce emissions of harmful air pollutants
Construction Phase Impacts & Mitigation Measures
Construction of the proposed CETP will be carried out on a designated land. The existing
transportation infrastructure will be utilized for the proposed project during construction phase.
A number of sources in construction phase that cause potential impacts on air quality, which
include:
• Dust and air emission particularly due to the excavation, construction and movement of
vehicles, concrete mixing machinery, concrete conveyers, bucket conveyers, air blowers
resulting in air pollution.
• Generation of fumes and exhaust gases due to welding works.
• Due to vehicular traffic there may be a marginal increase in the concentrations of NOx
and SO2.
Mitigation Measures
Mitigation measures for air quality impacts during construction phase are:
• Periodical checking of vehicles and construction machinery to ensure compliance of
emission standards
• Suitable surface treatment to ease the traffic flow and regular sprinkling of water shall be
carried out to control dust/fugitive emission.
• Regular sprinkling of water must be carried out to control dust/fugitive emission.
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• Construction materials must be stored in covered shed.
Operation Phase Impacts & Mitigation Measures
For the proposed project, there will not be any need of combustion process except operation of
DG set in case of power failure. There will not be any regular and continuous point source of
flue gas emission. Operation of biological treatment plant and sludge drying process to certain
extent there may be chance of odour nuisance
The source will be mainly from point source emissions and fugitive emission.
• Fugitive emission - Movement of Vehicles during operation phase.
• Point Source emission- Point source emissions are from D.G. Sets (Stand by for power in
case of emergency).
Mitigation Measures
Mitigation measures for air quality during operation phase are:
• Attenuation of pollution through greenbelt/green cover.
• The generators would be provided with a stack of proper height (as per Environment (P)
Rules, 1986, item 96) for the proper dispersal of pollutants emitted from the stack.
• Dilution of odorant, odor counter action or neutralize, odor masking or blanketing
• Regular monitoring of ambient air
• Control vehicle speed on sight.
• DG Sets will be operated during power failure only.
• Aromatic plants shall be planted in the proposed green belt area in order to control odor
related problems.
Water Environment
With respect to water environment, the aspects related to EIA are: Raw water availability,
consumption, wastewater generation and its disposal. The project is to treat wastewater and sent
for reuse to member units. That will reduce the fresh water consumption.
Construction Phase Impacts & Mitigation Measures
There are three activities that have potential to cause impact upon the water environment, viz.
construction activities, abstraction of water for construction requirement and sanitation. During
Construction, drainage pattern and water supply system of overland water flow will be somewhat
changed for the site preparation activities. Potential impacts may be on surface water quality
could arise from dust emissions (from vehicles and disturbance of soil), high-suspended solids
(from storm water runoff) and sanitary waste.
• Surface water quality is likely to be affected due to soil erosion during first rain.
• Surface runoff from project Site, oil/fuel and waste spills. Improper debris disposal.
• The wastewater produced from labour colony may be a concern for the public health.
• Runoff related to unpaved and excavated areas during the rain shower.
Mitigation Measures
• During the construction phase, modular septic tanks shall be provided.
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• Management of Muck generated shall be done in environmentally sound manner. i.e.
landscaping etc.
• Hazardous waste generated at site shall be disposed off as per rules.
• Proper Storm water drainage system to collect surface runoff.
• Exposed stockpiles should be covered with tarpaulin or impervious sheet before a
rainstorm occur.
Operation Phase Impacts & Mitigation measures
Total expected effluent to be treated at CETP is 150 KLD from the member units. The purpose
of CETP is to provide treatment to waste water and further reusing the treated water. The major
source of Water pollution during operation phase can be:
• Leakage from the CETP units.
• Leakage from waste water conveyance system.
• Disposal of effluent without proper treatment.
• These activities would significantly impact on inherent characteristics of water bodies.
Mitigation Measures
Appointment of qualified personnel for plant operation and handling of waste water efficiently.
Preventive maintenance will be carried for effective operation of equipment/plant: -
• Environmental management plan shall be strictly followed.
• Ensure no treated water discharge outside the premises.
• Ensure an Effluent Quality Monitoring Scheme in place
• Ensure an Effluent Collection System & Monitoring in place
• Ensure Effluent Management in place
• Ensure Pipelines Maintenance Program in place
• The treated effluent from CETP will be reused to the maximum extent within the cluster area.
• Domestic wastewater from units will be treated along with effluent stream
• CETP will be constructed with strong foundation and water proof strong RCC work to avoid
any seepage and with enough free paces to avoid spillage.
• The partially treated and untreated effluent is mandatorily passed through CETP. Thus it
offers double safety in order to meet the stringent norms.
• Monitoring of ground water will be done regularly.
Impact On Land
Impact of on land environment can be due to air pollution, Water (effluent) pollution and solid
wastes (hazardous) generation handling and its disposal. Impact can be direct or indirect.
Construction Phase Impact & Mitigation Measures
For proposed construction of treatment units at 1102.5 sq.m area, there will not be any change
in land use due to proposed project. However certain impacts envisaged are:
• Overburden and construction waste, if not properly stacked, may pollute the soil.
• The top soil will be stripped from constructional areas and stockpiled for later reuse in
landscaping.
• To ensure against any chances of soil pollution, it is imperative to establish a well-planned
solid waste collection system covering all areas of the project site.
Mitigation Measures
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• The project site is an open area without vegetation or human activity, and is allotted for the
development of CETP; therefore, there will not be any impact on the present land use
pattern of the area.
• The overburden and construction waste will be reused as early as possible in the
construction and for land filling during landscaping of project site.
• Proper drainage system shall be provided to deal with the storm water in case of rain.
Operation Phase Impact & Mitigation Measures
The CETP is only a treatment for untreated effluent received from different member units; No
treated water will be discharged outside the premises. Hence no adverse impact is envisaged.
Mitigation Measures
No major significant impacts are envisaged on land. The following mitigation measures are
proposed to ensure safe operation of CETP: -.
• Environmental management plan shall be strictly followed.
• Ensure no treated water discharge outside premises.
• Ensure Effluent Quality Monitoring Scheme in place
• Ensure Effluent Collection System & Monitoring in place
• Ensure Effluent Management in place
• Ensure Pipelines Maintenance Program in place
Noise Environment
Construction Phase Impact and Mitigation Measures
The main source of noise generation will be from activities at project site. The operation of these
activities will generate noise up to 85 dBA. This type of noise generation and its impact will be
short-term or temporary.
During the construction phase of project, noise will be generated from the various sources which
are listed here under:
• Generation of noise due to movement of vehicles carrying materials, loading and
unloading activities.
• Generation of noise from excavation machines, concrete mixer and other heavy
construction machines.
• Generation of noise during the functioning of D.G. Set.
• Generation of noise during hammering, breaking etc.
Mitigation Measures
Adequate noise control measures are listed below:
• Provision of Personal Protective equipment (PPE) such as muffles/plugs etc. to the
workers.
• Acoustic enclosures to be provided for compressors for drills and rock cutter.
• All construction equipment shall be fitted with noise control measures.
• Servicing of all construction vehicles and machinery to be done regularly and during
routine servicing operation, the effectiveness of exhaust silencers will be checked and if
found defective to be replaced.
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• Vehicle for bringing construction material at site shall conform to the noise emission
standards and to be operated during non-peak hour
• Construction work will be carried out during day time only.
• Ambient noise level monitoring shall be conducted at suitable locations at periodic
intervals during construction phase to conform to the stipulated standards during both
day and night time. Data shall be reviewed and analyzed for adhering to any strict
measures
Operation Phase Impact and Mitigation Measures
The potential impacts on noise level may arise out of the following:
Impacts due to Operation of Treatment Units
The operation of CETP does not have any adverse impact on surrounding environment as
sufficient greenbelt shall be provided in periphery of plot boundary. The operation of ETP units
and associated machinery such as pumps, blowers, agitators, aerators including the D.G. set is
likely to generate noise in the range of 60 to 65 db (A) and can be experienced at site boundary.
As treatment of effluent is a continuous activity, such noise is also generated along, during both
daytime and night time. All noise generating equipments such as Air Blowers and DG Sets shall
be provided with suitable acoustic enclosures in order to control noise.
Mitigation Measures
Distribution of protective equipments such as ear plugs and mufflers for staff in the CETP area.
• Pumps and blowers may be mounted on rubber pads or on other noise absorbing
material(s);
• Proper scheduling of noise generating activities to minimize noise impacts.
• Usage of well-maintained construction equipment meeting the regulatory standards.
• Provision of acoustic enclosures on noise generating equipments (such as Air Blowers
and DG Set) during operation.
• Periodic maintenance of equipments/replacing whenever necessary/lubrication of
rotating parts etc., will reduce noise levels from operating equipments during
construction and operation phase.
• In case of steady noise levels above 85-dB(A), initiation of hearing conservation
measures.
• Implementation of greenbelt for noise attenuation.
Solid Waste Management
Impacts
During construction phase Muck generated will be used for backfilling and leveling of project site.
The topsoil will be preserved separately and reused for landscaping. The construction wastes are
largely scraps, aggregates and other construction material rejects. While no health hazard is
expected from such wastes, unplanned disposal can cause safety concerns.
During operation phase, biodegradable solid wastes such as waste vegetables, foods and no
biodegradable solid wastes viz. metals, papers, cartons, plastics, glass etc. are likely to be
generated. Such wastes may include hazardous wastes also, and unless treated or disposed
adequately can cause health and environmental hazards. Especially with a high groundwater
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table, it is extremely important to avoid any soil contamination that may ultimately leach into
the groundwater reserves of the area. The biomedical wastes that will be generated from the
project pose various health hazards.
Unless rendered harmless prior to disposal. Most of these wastes will be infectious or cytotoxic.
However, an integrated waste management plan in accordance to all applicable regulations
and guidelines is proposed to ensure against any such incidence.
Mitigation Measures
To ensure against any nuisance caused by improper disposal of wastes, it is proposed to
identify waste collection areas within the site that will be regularly cleared. Recyclable wastes will
be sold off to scrap dealers and recyclers, while inert wastes will be made available for filling and
leveling of low lying areas. Hazardous wastes will be disposed off as per the provisions of the
Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2008 and as
amended.
Waste oil and batteries will be disposed through sale to authorized recyclers and buy
back arrangements respectively. Inert wastes will be transported to the waste dump site. CFLs
shall be stored in the premises until ‘Lamp Recycling Units’ are set up that will receive and recycle
the bulbs in an environmentally sound manner. Storage shall be in a cemented and covered area.
All hazardous wastes will be stored and disposed as per the Hazardous Wastes Management
Rules, 2016. All movements of the hazardous waste shall be in accordance to the Manifest system
in the said notification. The wastes shall be disposed at the nearby, authorized TSDF site. Care
will be taken such that the collection vehicles are well maintained and equipped with air and noise
pollution control mechanism. During transportation of waste, it will be covered to avoid littering.
Infrastructure And Services
Diesel Generator having a capacity of 10 KVA (1 Nos.) is proposed at site for emergency
purposes. The transportation of raw materials and hazardous/solid waste will be by road. As
stated earlier, the site is near to National Highway no. NH42. As a result of implementation of
project, there will be a marginal increase in transportation activity as compared to present total
traffic.
During construction phase, labour will be hired from the nearby villages. Proper Sanitation
facilities will be provided to workers at the site such as Drinking water facility, Septic tank for
collection of wastewater etc. Manpower required during the construction phase will be 6 Nos.
During operation phase, Manpower required will be 4 Nos. Proper sanitation facilities will be
given to the workers at site. The wastewater generated at the project site will be treated in the
functional CETP itself. The drinking water will be met through ground water or Water tanker
supply.
As a result of development of plant, the neighboring areas will be influenced for commercial use.
The infrastructure services e.g. roads, state transport, post and telegraph, communication,
education and medical facilities, housing, etc. in the surrounding areas will be improved.
Pipeline
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The impact due to laying of pipelines may be soil contamination, ground water disturbance.
Thus, the laying of the pipelines shall be monitored w.r.t slope of ground for distributing flow of
the effluent, pressure control etc. Proper mitigation measures shall be accounted for its operation
as like leak detection system, physical verification of pipelines periodically.
Housing
No township is constructed or proposed. Enough number of dwellings is available in nearby
towns and villages for accommodating extra workforce. In neighboring towns or villages, the
impact on this account is minimal.
Ecology
The impact due to operation of the project and its activities on the ecological parameters like
natural vegetation, cropping pattern, fisheries and aquatic life, forests and species diversity is
summarized below.
Natural Vegetation
During construction phase dust would be the main source of emission due to site development,
laying the effluent pipeline network. Due to generation of fugitive dust emission there would be
slight impact on natural vegetation of the surrounding area which will be a short period of time.
The proper measure shall be taken i.e. sprinkling of water to resist the dust emission and proper
surface treatment. Therefore, the adverse impact on natural vegetation is negligible. Green belt
will be developed by the industry, which will lead to beneficial impact.
During the operation phase, spillage of effluent from the site and conveyance system shall
impact on the natural vegetation. The proper measure shall be taken to avoid any spillage of
effluent from the site and conveying system and regular monitoring will be carried for prevention
of same. Therefore, the adverse impact over any of the ecological components of the
environment is negligible.
Hydrology
The water requirement for the construction phase shall be met through the canal water. No
ground water will be extracted hence impact will be insignificant.
The water requirement for the operation phase will be 5KLD only & sourced from proposed
borewell and member units shall reuse the treated water for their industrial activities.
Forest And Species Diversity
The details of flora / fauna species and the wildlife habitat in the study area have been collected
to determine the existence of rare and / or endangered species. There is no reserved forest,
national park or sanctuary within 10 km radius of the plant. There was no acquisition of forest
land or parks for development of proposed plant, hence impact will be insignificant.
Fisheries And Aquatic Life
No commercial fishery activities are observed within 10 Km radius of the project site. Treated
water will in no case discharged outside of premises, hence no major impact is envisaged.
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Socio - Economic Impacts
Demography, Economics, Sociology And Human Settlement
There are beneficial effects due to improved communication and that resulted in economic
prosperity, better educational opportunities and access to better health and family welfare
facilities. There has been a beneficial effect on human settlement due to employment
opportunities from various industries in the area. Local quality of life will be improved due to the
proposed plant. This factor combined with all other mitigation measures like proper treatment
and disposal of Hazardous and liquid wastes, has a beneficial impact on human settlement and
employment opportunities. There is no displacement of population in plant area. Any major
activity that may lead to resettlement of the people is considered as permanent impact. Hence,
there is no permanent impact on this account.
Employment Opportunities
During construction phase, skilled and unskilled manpower will be needed. This will temporarily
increase the employment opportunity. Secondary jobs are also bound to be generated to provide
day-to-day needs and services to the work force. This will also temporarily increase the demand
for essential daily utilities in the local market.
The manpower requirement for the proposed CETP is expected to generate some permanent
jobs and secondary jobs for the operation and maintenance of plant. This will increase direct /
indirect employment opportunities and ancillary business development to some extent for the
local population. This phase is expected to create a beneficial marginal impact on the local
socio-economic environment.
Public Health
During construction period, workers will be provided with basic amenities like safe water supply,
low cost sanitation facilities, first aid, required personal protective equipment, etc. Otherwise,
there could be an increase in diseases related to personnel hygiene.
Hence, there will not be any significant change in the status of sanitation and the community
health of the area, as sufficient measures have been taken and proposed under the EMP.
Places Of Archaeological/Historical/Religious/Tourist Interest
Ajrakhpur, the main project area itself is a place of interest. It was discussed in the starting of
analysis. Bhuj also is a place of Historical or Archaeological importance. The Bhuj town is located
at distance of about 14Km from project site. Bhuj is named after his Bhojia Fortress.
The Bhuj is named after his Bhujia fortress. The region is said to have witnessed the Indus Valley
civilization, exile of the Pandavas during the Mahabharata period. Bhuj is most famous for the
wide variety of handicraft which includes Kutchi embroidery with mirror work, bandhini, hand
printed textiles textiles and saris etc. Bhuj remained an independent state under the rule of the
British. Thus Tehsil Bhuj is 14km away from the project site. Hence no major impact is envisaged.
Biological Environment
Prediction of impacts is based both on the direct and indirect; short-term as well as long-term;
irreversible and irreversible impacts that are most likely to occur owing to the proposed activity
during establishment and operation. The ecological factors that are considered most significant
as far as the impact on flora and fauna are concerned:
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1. Whether there shall be any reduction in species diversity?
2. Whether there shall be any habitat loss or fragmentation?
3. Whether there shall be any additional risk or threat to the rare or endangered or endemic or
threatened (REET)species?
4. Whether there shall be any impairment of ecological functions such as (i) disruption of food
chains, (ii) decline in species population and or (iii) alterations in predator-prey relationships?
The proposed CETP shall treat the effluent generated from member units. All the effluent shall
be sent to the CETP through an underground pipeline. No direct or indirect damage is expected
to the flora and fauna of the buffer zone as there is no stack or emissions. Further, as there are
no rare or endangered or endemic or threatened (REET) species, the project does not pose any
threat to the flora and fauna of the study area. As the facility is required to operate and maintain
the effluent norms within the limits specified by the CPCB / GPCB, the effects of the CETP on the
flora and fauna of the buffer zone shall be negligible. Neither the storm water nor the effluent
water nor any other kind of rain or waste water from the CETP shall get in to the drinking water
resources.
Terrestrial Ecology
Anticipated Impacts
Construction works at the project site involves land clearance and leveling leading to loss of the
present flora. But there are no valuable ecological or biological resources. There are few trees
outside the project area and they will be saved. During construction, there is every possibility of
dust generation which could impact the growth and health of pants.
Rare or Endangered or Endemic or Threatened (REET) Species
The major concerns are about the adverse and unmanageable long-term negative impacts
which could pose an additional threat to REET. As it is evident from the status of flora, fauna and
biodiversity of the study area, there are no REET species. Hence, there is no possibility of any
additional threat to the REET. Further it is a small project, no much impact is envisaged.
Mitigation Measures.
All standard and routine mitigation measures applicable to CETP shall be in place. Modern
techniques like water sprinklers and other means, as referred under Air environment section
need to be followed. As there are no REET species either in the project site (core area) or within
the buffer zone. No specific conservation plans are envisaged.
Schedule I species i.e, Pea fowl (Pavo cristatus) is found in the study area. Conservation plan is
provided as Annexure.
During Construction Phase & Operation Phase
Construction mainly involves a few sheds, a stack and erection and fabrication of equipment. At
least one such unit is in operation in every district all over India. As the site is mostly barren with
only one medium size tree, the loss of any vegetation is negligible. However, during operation,
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if the waste materials or recyclables or rejects are discarded or disposed improperly, it could
lead to contamination of soil.
Impact Matrix
Various activities from the CETP project are likely to have some impact on the environmental
constituents during its construction as well as operational phase. The matrix method has been
adopted for the identification and evaluation of the environmental impacts. The method involves
identification of the interaction between project activities and environmental characteristics.
The impact assessment matrix given in Table 4-1 reveals the impact associated with each activity
of the project on various environmental parameters during construction and function phase
respectively before any mitigation measures are implanted. Environmental impacts have been
identified based on an assessment of environmental aspects associated with the project.
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Table 4-1 Impact Identification Matrix
Project Activity
Environmental Attributes
Land use Soil and
earth
Ground
water
quality
Surface
water Air Noise Ecology
Aesthetic
s
Construction Phase
Site clearing √ √ √ √ √ √
Excavation and embankment √ √ √ √ √
Construction of water distribution networks √ √ √ √ √ √
Construction of storm water network √ √ √ √ √
Construction of wastewater treatment plant √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Development of Haulage Road √ √ √ √
Quarrying √ √ √ √
Construction of laying of roads √ √ √ √
Construction of Industrial units √ √ √ √
Operational Phase
Operation of DG sets √ √
Operation of Machine √ √
Vehicular movement √ √ √
Solid waste disposal √ √
Wastewater disposal √ √
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Corporate Social Responsibility
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to responsibility of a proponent to ensure positive impact
on environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of the public
sphere. Project promoter shall undertake social responsibilities as per the need of the people in the
study area. These could include education, skill building for livelihood of people, health, cultural and
social welfare etc., particularly targeting the people at disadvantaged sections of society.
The execution of the project will not disturb the people living in the area as there will be no
blasting and large scale digging. The project will generate employment opportunities for both skilled
and unskilled workers in the vicinity, which will produce multiple effects on the life and economy of the
local people.
Infrastructural Development
The increasing infrastructural activity will boost the commercial and economic status of the locality. The
CETP facility will be helpful to further boost the industrial development especially small scale industries
so that large number of local people will be benefitted.
Public Health
Temporary hutment for the construction workers will be provided with basic amenities like low cost
sanitation facilities, first aid, safe drinking water supply and personal protective equipment etc. The
workers will be provided the medical assistance whenever required.
➢ The workers will be provided regular medical check-up camps and hospital facility.
➢ The workers will be provided with skill development training and training in risk assessment and
disaster management.
➢ Adequate mitigation measures will be ensured to reduce odor emissions and disease from
proposed site to eliminate the nuisance of effluents/sewage.
Transportation and Communication
The proposed CETP site is very well connected by transport and communication facility and will not
cause any additional burden and impact on the environment.
Summary of potential impacts and mitigation measures during construction and operation phase
The potential impacts during construction and operational stage along with mitigation measures are
presented in Table 4.2 and 4.3 respectively.
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Table 4-2: Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Construction Phase
Environmental
Component
Sources of
Impacts Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Remarks
Air Quality ➢ Land preparation
and construction
activity
➢ Vehicular traffic
➢ Dust emission
➢ Stacking of
construction material
may block roads
➢ Water spraying on haul roads
in project site
➢ Regular maintenance of
vehicles
➢ Vehicles with PUC
➢ No remarkable increase in
dust emission and other air
pollutants
➢ The construction activity will
be completed in shortest
possible period
Noise ➢ HEMM, heavy
machineries and
truck movement
➢ Workers exposed to
increased noise near
machineries
➢ Construction work during day
time only
➢ Ear plugs for worker
➢ Regular maintenance of
machineries and trucks
➢ Noise will be below stipulated
standard of 75 dB(A)for
occupational area
Water ➢ Quality
➢ Wastewater
produced from
labour colony
➢ Excavated material
➢ Public health concern
due to wastewater
➢ Storm water with sediments
from excavated material
➢ Modular Septic tank for
wastewater treatment
➢ Secured storage and reuse of
excavated material in
construction and land filling
Land
Quality
➢ Land preparation
➢ and construction
activity
➢ Change in land use
pattern
➢ Overburden &
construction waste may
pollute soil
➢ Project site is open land
allotted for CETP so no
change in land use pattern,
➢ Reuse of O.B. & construction
waste in construction and for
land fill during landscaping
➢ Quantum of excavated O.B. &
construction waste will be
small
Ecology
(terrestrial and
aquatic)
➢ Land preparation for
construction of CETP
➢ Production of noise ➢ Construction work during day
time only and vehicles will be
maintained in good condition
➢ Increase in noise will be very
small
Socio-
Economic
➢ Construction of
CETP ➢ No adverse impact
➢ Direct and indirect
employment opportunities
➢ Improvement in
socioeconomic status of local
people
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Environmental
Component
Sources of
Impacts Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Remarks
Infrastructure &
Services
➢ Construction activity
require many
products from other
industries
➢ Development of
industries in the area
➢ Insanitary conditions &
public health problems
➢ Commercial and economic
development
➢ Low cost sanitation facility and
safe water will be provided
➢ First aid and medical help will
be provided
➢ Personal protective
equipment will be provided
Environmental
Hazards
➢ Construction of
CETP
➢ No major
environmental hazard
➢ Provide preventive measures
for potential fire hazards with
requisite fire detection, fire-
fighting facilities and
adequate water storage
➢ Construction of CETP will not
involve blasting activity
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Table 4-3: Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Operation Phase
Environmental
Component
Sources of Impacts Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Remarks
Air quality ➢ Small amount of
vehicular movement
➢ Operation of DG
generators during
emergency only
➢ CETP operation
➢ Co-Generation Plant
➢ Small amount of dust
emission due to
vehicular movement
➢ Negligible emission of
air pollutants due to DG
sets
➢ Traces of odour may be
produced
➢ Vehicular movement is
reduced due to pipeline
conveyance of effluent
➢ Good housekeeping will be
maintained
➢ Vehicles will be maintained in
good conditions with PUC;
➢ Roads will be maintained in
good condition;
➢ Generators (DG) with proper
height of stack as per
guidelines and will be used
during emergency only
➢ Peripheral green belt will
minimize odour further
➢ Generators will be
used only during
load shedding
period.
Noise ➢ Waste treatment
pumps, fans, generator
and vehicles
➢ Some amount of
increase in noise levels
➢ Noise from generator sets will
be within stipulated
standards due to acoustic
enclosures
➢ Machineries within acoustic
enclosures / rooms
➢ Ear plugs to workers
➢ Increase in noise
levels will be
within limits
Water Quality ➢ Possibility of
contamination of
Ground water
➢ Better Quality of treated
industrial effluent due to
treatment scheme with
recovery/reuse potential.
➢ Recycle and reuse of treated
effluent Domestic sewage will
be treated in STP.
➢ CETP will be constructed with
strong foundation and water
proof RCC work to avoid any
seepage
➢ The partially
treated and
untreated
industrial effluent
and sewage will
be mandatorily
passed through
CETP
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Environmental
Component
Sources of Impacts Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Remarks
Land Quality ➢ Production of
hazardous chemical
sludge
➢ No impact due to proper
management
➢ Chemical sludge after
reduction in quantity by
segregation from bio-sludge
and by decantation will be
sent to authorized TSDF
facility.
➢ Record of sludge
disposal shall be
kept as per
Hazardous Waste
(Management,
Handling and
Trans boundary)
Rules, 2008 &
amended thereof.
Ecology
(terrestrial and
aquatic)
➢ Operation of CETP ➢ No impact due to
insignificant emission
through air
➢ CETP will have beneficial
effect on the environment
➢ Green belt/plantation will be
developed around the CETP
➢ No biologically
sensitive area is
present within 10
km radial area
Socio-
Economic
➢ Operation of CETP:
Construction Phase
and Operation Phase
➢ Negligible influx of
outside people as
workers
➢ Beneficial impacts with
respect to employment
and other
socioeconomic aspects
➢ Local people will be given
preference in employment or
contract jobs
➢ Generation of primary &
secondary employment to
local people
➢ Other benefits:
➢ Industrial
development
➢ Improvement in
aesthetic and
hygienic
environment
➢ Public health will
be improved
Infrastructure &
Services
➢ Operation of CETP ➢ Infrastructural and
industrial development
will take place
➢ Commercial and economic
development will be possible
➢ Treated water will
be circulated for
horticulture &
agricultural. Basic
utilities like supply
of water,
electricity, gas
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Environmental
Component
Sources of Impacts Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Remarks
etc. will be
improved
Transportation and
Communication
➢ Pressure on
transportation and
communication
➢ No major impact on
transportation &
communication as all the
facilities are already well
developed in the area
-- --
Historical,
Archeological and
Architectural Sites
➢ CETP operation ➢ No historical,
archeological and
architectural sites are
present in the study area
-- --
The aggregate impact value, for the proposed project is:
➢ A positive aggregate environmental impact value suggests that the project has highly favorable benefits and advantages.
➢ The negative impact value factoring is due to the eventuality of an accident for which adequate safeguards are to be put in
place to reduce the probability of any such eventualities reducing to almost zero.
➢ The harmful effects are easily mitigatable and manageable.
➢ Thus, the assessment favors realization of the proposed project at the suggested site
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CHAPTER 5
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
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5 Analysis Of Alternatives
This chapter discusses the various alternatives considered in developing the project. This
chapter also discusses the criteria on the basis of which a site is selected.
The proposed site of CETP is selected as per the guidelines of MoEFCC. The treatment
technology and treatment Scheme CETP project has been finalized on the basis of quality and
quantity of the effluent generated by member units at Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster. Analysis
has been carried out for the selected site only.
Site Selection
The following guiding factors have been considered while selecting the site for the establishment
of CETP:
• The land falls in the Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster and the proposed project site is
earmarked for CETP.
• The transport of effluent is through the dedicated pipeline system.
• Proposed site is well connected to NH-42 at a distance of about 0.5 km in North direction.
Treatment Scheme
Small & tiny textile processing units who are engaged in this activity are clustered around
Ajrakhpur which is popularly known as ‘Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster’. The present strength
of the cluster is 49 dyeing, printing & washing units. Presently, the units have a monthly
production capacity of nearly 2,87,512 meters.
The waste water discharge is proposed to be collected through piping conduits under gravity to
the site of common effluent treatment plant (CETP). The treatment scheme proposed in this
project will not only treat the effluent to meet the standards specified by the central/state pollution
control authority but also will make provision for water recuperation & recycling. Due to the very
nature of effluent which has major textile refractory materials and moderate BOD load, the
effluent will undergo thorough decolorization & detoxification with heavy metal removal and
thereafter will be clarified through dual biological treatment like MBBR & Activated Sludge
Process (ASP). Finally, a chemi-polish touch is needed for the control of hardness, silica, iron
etc. The treated effluent will then pass though a battery of conventional filtration which are
necessary for water recuperation & recycling. The treatment will generate some sludge which
will be dewatered through filter press, stored and then disposed off in a controlled manner. The
conveyance systems for in-coming untreated effluent to the CETP and the out-going treated
water from CETP for reuse are not considered as an integral part of the project. Complete
Treatment Scheme has been mentioned in detail in Chapter 2.
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CHAPTER 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
PROGRAMME
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6 Environmental Monitoring Programme
Introduction
Regular monitoring of important parameters is of immense importance to assess the status of
environment during plant operation. With the knowledge of baseline conditions, a properly
planned monitoring program can serve as an indicator for assessment of any deterioration in
environmental conditions. This will facilitate undertaking suitable measures to mitigate adverse
impacts during the operation of the plant and further help to protect the environment in the area.
The main attributes for which monitoring shall be carried out are:
• Ambient air Quality,
• Wastewater Quality,
• Noise Level.
The purpose of the monitoring program is to ensure that the specified mitigation measures
defined in the Environment Management Plan (EMP) are compiled and leads to the desired
benefits for the target area and its population. To ensure the effective implementation of the EMP
and gauge the efficiency of the mitigation measures, monitoring shall be undertaken both during
the construction and operation phases of the project. This chapter describes the outlines of the
monitoring program for the different environmental components during the construction and
operation phases for evaluation of the environmental status of the area due to the project as
development of block printing cluster affects environment and monitoring is tool to assess quality
of environment parameters and suggest to apply mitigation measures to recover environment
which is affected due to project activities. Monitoring of various environmental parameters will
be carried out on a regular basis to ascertain the following:
• State of pollution within the project site and in its vicinity.
• Generate data for predictive or corrective purpose in respect of pollution.
• Examine the efficiency of pollution control system adopted at the site.
• To assess environmental impacts.
The primary aim of monitoring is to provide information that will aid impact management, and
secondarily, to achieve a better understanding of cause-effect relationships and to improve EIA
prediction and mitigation methods. Both the immediate and long-term benefits from undertaking
monitoring as part of EIA are widely recognized.
Monitoring will be used to:
• Measure the impacts that occur during project construction and operation;
• Check their compliance with agreed conditions and standards;
• Facilitate impact management, e.g. by warning of unanticipated impacts; and
determine the accuracy of impact predictions and the effectiveness of mitigation
measures.
Areas of Concern
The best way to ensure that the new CETP facility operates in a consistent and environmentally
sound manner is to provide for a rigorous monitoring programme based on the guidelines of
CPCB and MoEF&CC. The objective of this programme is to comply with inlet effluent norms and
standards of treated effluent.
To keep the record of pollution load from each unit, the member industry will monitor the
important physico-chemical parameters in their effluents on daily basis. The records of data on
flow rate and daily quantity of effluent from member units will also be maintained by concerned
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industry on daily basis. The data will be provided to CETP operator for management of CETP.
Treatment efficiency programme for CETP will be established within the treatment plant.
Therefore, from the monitoring point of view, the important parameters are quality and flow of
effluent from member units and its compliance to major effluent quality parameters, quality of
inlet effluent to CETP and outlet treated effluent from CETP and its compliance to the stipulated
standards, surface water and groundwater quality in the buffer zone, air quality, noise, etc.
Suggested monitoring parameters and programmes are described in the subsequent sections.
Performance Indicators (PIs)
The physical, biological and social components are of significance to the project is as listed
below:
• Air quality
• Water quality
• Noise levels
• Solid waste management
• Plantation success / survival rate
To ensure the effective implementation of the mitigation measures and environmental
management during construction and operation phases of project, it is essential that an effective
Environmental Monitoring Plan be designed.
Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring
Ambient air quality parameters recommended for monitoring about constructional activities are
PM, CO, SO2, NO2. Monitoring shall be carried out twice a week for one month in each season
during construction phase in accordance to the National Ambient Air Quantity Standards 2009.
The locations with the pollution parameters to be monitored are detailed out in the Environmental
Monitoring Plan (Table 6-1).
Noise Level Monitoring
The measurements of noise levels will be carried out at all designated locations in accordance
to the Ambient Noise Standards formulated by MoEFCC as given. Noise level will be monitored
on twenty-four hourly bases. Noise should be recorded at “A” weighted frequency using a slow
time response mode of the measuring instrument. The measurement location, duration and the
noise pollution parameters to be monitored are detailed in the Environmental Monitoring Plan.
Success of Vegetation
To ensure the proper maintenance and monitoring of the proposed plantation activities, a regular
survey of the survival rate of the planted trees is being proposed up to a period of 2 years from
the start of operation of the project.
Summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme
The summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme for implementation during project
construction and operation phases is given in Tables 6-1 and respectively.
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Table 6-1: Summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme for Implementation during Project
Construction Phase
S.No. Aspects Parameters to be monitored Frequency of
Monitoring
1 Surface and Ground
Water Quality
Surface water
Color, Odour, Turbidity,
Temperature, pH, Salinity,
Conductivity, TDS, TSS, Turbidity,
D.O., BOD, Phosphates, Nitrates,
Sulphates, Chlorides, Fluoride,
Total Hardness as CaCO3, Calcium
(as Ca), Magnesium as (Mg), Total
Alkalinity, Iron;
Half Yearly
Ground water
Drinking water standards
2 Ambient Air Quality PM10, SO2, NO2 Half Yearly
3 Noise Level Monitoring Equivalent Noise level
Half Yearly
4 Soil Quality pH, Conductivity, Texture, Bulk
Density, organic matter, N.P.K Half Yearly
Table 6-2: Summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme for Implementation during Project
Operation Phase
S.No. Aspects Parameters to be monitored Frequency of
Monitoring
1 Surface and Ground
Water Quality
Surface water
Color, Odour, Turbidity,
Temperature, pH, Salinity,
Conductivity, TDS, TSS, Turbidity,
D.O., BOD, Phosphates, Nitrates,
Sulphates, Chlorides, Fluoride, Total
Hardness as CaCO3, Calcium (as
Ca), Magnesium as (Mg), Total
Alkalinity, Iron;
Half Yearly
Ground water
Drinking water standards
2 Stack monitoring for DG
Set PM, SO2, NO2 Half Yearly
3 Ambient Air Quality at
Plant PM10, SO2, NO2 Half Yearly
4 Noise Level Monitoring Equivalent Noise level Half Yearly
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S.No. Aspects Parameters to be monitored Frequency of
Monitoring
5 Soil Quality
pH, Conductivity, Texture, Bulk
Density, organic matter, N.P.K
Half Yearly
6 Green Belt Development Rate of survival and
growth of various species Once per month
Formation of Environmental Management Cell (EMC)
In order to maintain the environmental quality within the standards, regular monitoring of various
environmental components is necessary. Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan (AHVS) will have
a full-fledged Environmental Management Cell (EMC) reporting directly to Functional Head for
environmental monitoring and control. An environment management cell shall constitute the staff
of CETP operation created to perform the following functions:
• Achieve objectives of the ‘Environment Protection Policy’ of the management.
• Collect information from regular monitoring and create a database.
• Analyze the data and decide thrust areas.
• Based on the data collected, decide target for each thrust area.
• Carry out ‘Projects’ in each thrust area to arrive at practical solutions to environmental
problems.
• Discuss the reports of study on environment and disseminate the information.
• Work out ‘Action plan’ for implementation of the recommendations made in the reports.
• Prepare Management Information System (MIS) reports and budget for environment
management program.
Responsibility
Plant In charge
• Distribution of responsibilities at operational and administration level.
• Ensuring through regular interactions with senior management that each and every
personnel in their respective functions are meeting the Environmental Policy
commitments.
• Getting regular updates in the environmental performance and appraise suitably. In
specific the regular monitoring of the data/information resource consumed and the
pollution levels in the CETP treatment system.
• Implementation of projects and follow up with each departmental heads.
• Authorization of documents.
• Ensuring that each department for related areas of Policy meets with the Environment
Policy statements.
• Getting regular updates on environmental Performance of the department.
• Provide day to day resources like manpower, materials, chemicals etc. to each
department.
• Ensure that data, records/information related to the resources consumed, Pollutants
generated, Pollutants reduced at plant.
• Ensure that all legal compliance is properly attended at appropriate time.
• Undertaking to arrange any corrective and preventive action related to any non-
conformance or potential nonconformance that is to be raised.
• Doing training needs assessment on regular basis.
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• Updating and Identifying Environmental Regulations applicable.
• Submitting regular monthly Environment statements to GPCB.
• Identify Emergency conditions in operation and provide Emergency Preparedness Plan.
• Ensuring regular trials or mock drills as per the schedule.
• Ensure that Operational Control Procedures are effectively implemented by all
employees.
• Ensure regular conduct of inter Audit as per Internal Audit Plan and monitor its follow up
actions including corrective actions.
• Ensure conducting Management Review Meetings & Implement the decisions taken
during Management Review Meetings.
Maintenance Supervisor
• Ensure proper Operation of CETP units to achieve the targeted results without damaging
Environment.
• Give Plant Operators Operation Manual in Hindi/Guajarati. Ensure Plant operators &
workers follow effective operational practices in achieving environmental commitments.
• Educate & train Plant Operators and Workers in application of Environment Policy
statements.
• Maintain coordination amongst workers.
• Maintaining proper Environmental data/records with respect to resources consumed and
pollutants concentration reduced after each treatment stage.
• Maintain record of plant operations as per applicable formats.
• Assisting Plant In-charge in preparing Environment compliance to statutory body
(Monthly statement).
• Ensuring the maintenance of good housekeeping in plant specifically with respect to No
leakage/spillage of effluent from tank, pumps, piping and vessel. No spillage of liquid or
dried sludge during handling of sludge.
• Put Safety signboards at various locations.
• Train workers for use of safety accessories & motivate them to use whenever required.
• Identify Emergency conditions in plant operations & prepare preventive action plan.
• Train Plant Operators & workers for their responsibilities during Emergency conditions by
conducting mock drill.
• Communicating observations on plant operations to Plant-Incharge, which arise to non-
compliance of environmental commitments.
• Undertake corrective & preventive actions related to any noncompliance of
environmental statements.
• Updating on latest Environmental regulations through Magazines, Circulars, and
Newspapers & Electronic media.
• Prepare Maintenance schedule in consultation with Maintenance Technician and carry
out preventive and corrective maintenance efficiently without obstructing the treatment
cycle as far as possible.
• Ensure proper plant maintenance for achieving objectives & targets of EMS.
• Understand & Implement Environment Policy requirements.
• Identify & prepare preventive Maintenance schedule in consultation with Plant In-charge.
• Prepare Preventive Maintenance Planner for each unit, Equipment, Machinery and
Installation and get it approved by Plant In-charge.
• Implement Preventive Action Plan and keep record of it.
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• Update & Modify maintenance planner as per process requirement priority and inform
Plant In charge of the same.
• Understand Emergency requirements, Emergency Preparedness Plan & Implement the
same as applicable.
• Ensure to keep all stands by equipment in working condition
• Coordinate with Plant In-charge and conduct training programme for Plant Operators &
workers to operate Fire Extinguishers, Water Hose.
• Check all working as well as non-working equipment & machinery daily and report any
defect to Plant In-charge and or Maintenance Technician for attending the same on
priority basis.
• Understand action to be taken during Emergency conditions in plant.
• If an Emergency arises during off-hours of staff or Plant in-charge, the same will be
informed to concerned immediately.
CETP Emergency Management System
An Emergency Management System for smooth functioning of CETP is elaborated as under:
Power Failure – A DG Set of 10 KVA (1Nos.) will be provided for back up during power failure
situation.
Equipment Failures – All the equipments provided in the CETP will have standby units. Moreover,
sufficient spares for each of the equipments will be made available in stores for quick
maintenance resolution. Sufficient staff in terms of manpower for minor and major maintenances
will be provided.
Personnel Protective Equipments will be provided to each of the individuals employed in the
CETP. PPEs such as Hand gloves, Mask, Googles, Safety Shows, Fire Apron, Safety Belt etc are
provided.
A Fire Tender can be called for in case of emergency of Fire in the CETP.
Process Failures – In case of process failures, bypass system is provided after each stage of
treatment i.e. Primary Clarifier Bypass, Ist Stage Secondary Settling Tank recirculation bypass,
IInd Stage Secondary recirculation bypass, Final Collection Tank Bypass; Recirculation of
effluents in case of not meeting norms for disposal. Moreover oxidation treatment using chlorine
system is also provided in the CETP which helps in oxidizing the Chemical COD in case of
process failures.
Emergency Preparedness and Response System
The objective of is to address the three components by the organization:
• Establish and maintain the system to identify the potential for and the response to the
accidents and emergency situation in order to prevent environmental impact associated
with such situation.
• To review and revise the implementation effectiveness after the incidental situation of
emergency situations.
• Testing of emergency plan wherever feasible to know the effectiveness of the systems
evolved.
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• The organization will have defined and maintained system for dealing with environmental
incidents and potential emergency situations. The operating procedures and control
include, where appropriate consideration of:
• Accidental discharge of effluent to land and water.
• Accidental disposal of solid waste to land,
• Specific environment and ecosystem effects from accidental releases.
• The procedure takes into account incidents arising or likely to arise as consequences of:
• Abnormal operating condition
• Accidents and potential emergency circumstances.
• The organization has developed emergency preparedness plan, which covers the
potential for disaster in the organization during worst case.
• The emphasis of such plan is placed upon ensuring that business services are least
affected due to the incidence, instead of disruption of the suppliers and distributors to
customer is least affected.
• Safety of individual staff, property of the organization and surrounding is also considered
in the emergency preparedness plan
Emergency Services and responsibilities
• A list of key personnel
• Details of emergency services
• Internal and external communication plans
• Actions to be taken in the event of different types of emergencies;
• Information on hazardous materials including each material’s potential impact on the
environment
• Training plans and testing for effectiveness.
• It will be ensured that emergency preparedness plans are prepared and are maintained
in place and believes that even when the risk are low, the emergency preparedness plans
are still necessary as without it minor incidence can turn in to a major one.
• Review and revise the implementation system after the incidence.
• In case of a misses the organization will ensure that such potential accidents are
recorded and reviewed and not hidden away or forgotten. Such incidents indicate the
area of risk, which on other occasion may turn into an accident.
• For every such misses the appropriate action will be taken, documents are amended,
people are trained to ensure that the operation is carried out as per the revised procedure
and such incidents are prevented.
• The record of the accidents or near miss situation in the plant will be recorded &
maintained.
Environmental Policy
The organization have defined the Environmental Policy and approved by Plant-Incharge. The
organization ensures that the policy is appropriate to the nature, scale and environmental impact
of its activities for treating the effluent.
The policy mentions about monitoring of the system, continuous improvement, pollution
prevention and ensuring to comply with the relevant Regulations as per GPCB Water consent
and Hazardous waste consent condition, member units and surrounding residents, employees
and expectations of interested parties.
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While deciding for environmental policy the organization has considered the following:
• The organization’s mission, vision, core values and beliefs
• Requirements of and communication with interested parties
• Continual improvement
• Minimization of pollution
• Training Employees
• Specific local or regional conditions
• The relevant environmental regulations
• Nonconformity at Plant Level
As a day to day operation whenever the nonconformity is observed at the plant level in the form
of
• Violation of effluent disposal norms of GPCB,
• Variations in quality of effluent received at CETP from member units,
• Spillage/leakage of liquid sludge from sludge drying bed or during conveyance
Action To Be Taken Against Nonconformity
Non-conformance detail report will be filled by the section in charge in the respective operator
report of each section. This includes the details of the nonconformance occurred due to the
operational equipment failure or due to any other situation, which would have significant
environment, impact or unsafe working condition.
The organization will not utilize any major chemicals, which causes Environmental Hazard. There
is a remote possibility of environmental hazard due to spillage of anti-static agent, lubricating
oils & fuel oils.
There is no possibility of accidental fire in the production / power generation plant. However, any
incidence of environmental leakage, fire or safety related issues will be recorded. The analysis
is of such environmental non-conformance will be recorded in the non-conformance register.
The details will be analyzed for probable reason for nonconformance and the actions required
to be taken/action taken as a corrective measure. The disposal actions appropriate to the nature
of the nonconformity will be suggested and actions will be taken to ensure that such
nonconformance do not occur in future. If corrective / preventive actions are required then the
details of corrective/ preventive action Planned, taken and record maintained.
Nonconformity of effluent & Solid Waste Collection, Treatment, Generation and Disposal Level.
The effluent & hazardous waste collection, Treatment and Disposal process will be done as per
the Water Consent Norms specified by the GPCB.
Any nonconformance in complying with the conditions specified by GPCB in the NOC/Consents
will be reported in the Non-conformance Register stating about the nonconformance observed
at the final discharge level by GPCB.
The findings of the nonconformance at the plant level, reported by the legal bodies and
interested parties will be part of the discussions at the board meeting and the decisions of the
meeting will be implemented to ensure that incidence of such non-conformance of similar nature
do not occur in the subsequent period. As a result of nonconformance for any of the two
conditions mentioned above and corrective / preventive actions will be taken to eliminate the
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potential causes, the procedure and work instruction may be revised to incorporate the revised
system.
System Of Reporting Of Noncompliance / Violations Of Environmental Norms To Board
Of Directors / Share Holders
A Board meeting will be conducted every month, where all the matters related to the CETP
functioning and any non-compliances/violations to environmental norms will be discussed and
shared to the associated member industries. The agenda points of the meeting are as under:
• Review of Plant Operations – Any abnormality and Corrective actions taken.
• Plant Performance – Overall plant operating parameters.
• Inlet Quality and Quantity of Effluents received.
• Defaulter Member units for special parameters such as Lead and Chromium.
• Strict Vigilance on the member units for influent parameters and also collection of
effluents from member units.
• Details of members violating the inlet norms.
• Details of members not sending their effluents and further action taken by sending
notices.
• Outlet COD results during the month – Actual Analysis as well as TOC Readings.
• Reports of Third Party analysis on final treated effluents.
• Reports of GPCB samples.
• Sludges Disposal Report.
• Notices of GPCB Non-Compliance.
• Fire Call Report.
• Action to be Taken Report is prepared during the meeting.
• Action Taken Report of last meeting is reviewed.
• Strict actions are taken against any non-conformity and violation of the effluent
parameters by member units or by CETP internally.
Additional Studies
Activities AT CETP
A) Activities to Be Performed
Activities to be carried out in CETP for treatment of effluent includes following:
• Operation of treatment plant.
• Handling of treatment chemicals.
• ETP sludge handling.
• Control of flow and processing of wastewater.
• Monitoring of control panel.
• Adjustments of valves and gates manually or automatically.
• Observation of variations in operating conditions.
• Starting and stopping of pumps and other equipment.
• Maintenance work of CETP units.
• To carry out sampling and testing of effluent samples.
B) Instruments & Equipment Handling:
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• The workforce of Treatment plant is anticipated to handle following instruments
/equipment:
• Laboratory equipment.
• Measuring and metering devices.
• Mechanized lifting and disposal equipment.
• Portable mechanical working tools.
• Pumps and blowers.
Operational Directives
Following are some operational directives to be followed by each processing unit during its
commissioning & subsequent operation so that the targeted parameters are achieved.
Deviations from the directives may lead to disruption of the CETP operation as well as it may
cause difficulties in the management of CETP and effective implementation of the waste water
management.
• CETP is to be operated & maintained by the Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan
which is the managing body responsible for this.
• The in-coming supply of the effluent to CETP and also out-going supply of treated
effluent for reuse are to be managed by the association also.
• The participating unit must stick to the processing conditions as declared &
submitted to NITRA
• The beneficiary units must not increase the production without prior declaration.
• The individual unit must not use salt (NaCl) in the processing & any change in
chemicals & dyes must have prior declaration.
• In individual unit, the effluent must be stored in a pre-settler with 1 hour retention
time and passed through Bar & Coarse Screen before disposal.
• The total effluent must be discharged spanning a period of 8-10 hours.
Sudden discharge for a short period is to be avoided.
• The effluent characteristics have been mentioned here in the report under specified
processing & water consumption. Water conservation measures will increase the
effluent parameters in terms of COD & BOD.
• The present operating cost will be Rs 32/m³ and each year. The above cost may
increase @ 10-12% per annum to meet the increase in input cost.
• Recovered water standard has been specified. The recovered water must be stored
into a common storage tank
• CETP will run 8-10 hours/day in 1st
phase.
• During commercial operation of CETP three months advance payment towards the
treatment cost is to be made by individual unit to the managing association (AHVS).
• The beneficiary units must segregate the rain water from the processing effluent so
that mixing is avoided.
• There must be a mini septic tank in each unit for domestic water which shall be
stored in it before being discharged with the main waste water.
• Insoluble particles like fabric piece, polythene, plastic, soil etc. should not be
thrown into the effluent conveyance drain.
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• Any new unit joining for CETP must take prior approval from the managing
association
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CHAPTER 7
ADDITIONAL STUDIES AND RISK
ASSESSMENT
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7 Additional Studies
Introduction
Common Effluent Treatment Plant rank high on the industrial occupations where on the- job
injuries are frequent. The wastewater treatment plant operators are exposed to a variety of
hazardous chemical agents, contained within the effluents and the reagents used in the water
processing, or generated during the wastewater treatment. These chemical agents may cause
acute poisoning, chemical accidents (e.g., skin burns, injury to the eyes, etc.) damage to the
respiratory system, allergies, dermatitis, chronic diseases, etc. Wastewater treatment plant
operators may also be injured by slips, trips and falls on wet floors; by falls into treatment ponds,
pits, clarifiers or vats and by splashes of hazardous liquids; they may suffer cuts and pricks from
sharp tools, contusions, etc.
They are exposed to hazards related to work in confined spaces. Other common hazards include
electric shock, explosion, entanglement in moving machinery, etc. However, accidents do occur
and these can cause serious injury to employees or the public, and damage to property. The
public concern at such events invariably leads to call for additional control at national and
international levels. It is against this background that the various Section and Rules under the
Environment Protection Act, 1986, the Factories Act, 1948 and other Acts specify the
requirements for a safe and reliable working of an industry. These require carrying out various
studies and analysis to assess and mitigate hazard prevalent in the factory in line with the above
goal of safe and reliable working. These are more commonly known as “Risk Assessment
Studies”. This chapter explains the basis of Risk Assessment and its objectives.
Risk Assessment
Major hazard installations have to be operated to a very high degree of safety; this is the duty
of the management. In addition, management holds a key role in the organization and
implementation of a major hazard control system. In particular, the management has the
responsibility to:
➢ Provide the information required to identify major hazard installations.
➢ Carry out hazard assessment;
➢ Report to the authorities on the results of the hazard assessment;
➢ Set up an Disaster Management plan;
➢ Take measures to improve plant safety.
In order to fulfill the above responsibility, the Management must be aware of the nature of the
hazard, of the events that cause accidents and of the potential consequences of such
accidents. This means that in order to control a major hazard successfully, the Management
must have answers to the following questions:
➢ Do toxic, explosive or flammable substances in our facility constitute a major
hazard?
➢ Which failures or errors can cause abnormal conditions leading to a major
accident?
➢ If a major accident occurs, what are the consequences of a fire, an explosion or
a toxic release for the employees, people living outside the plant premises, the
plant or the Environment?
➢ What can Management do to prevent these accidents from happening?
➢ What can be done to mitigate the consequences of an accident?
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The most appropriate way of answering these questions is to carry out a hazard or risk
assessment study, the purpose of which is to understand why accidents occur and how they
can be avoided or at least mitigated. A properly conducted assessment will therefore Analyze
the safety concept.
➢ Identify the remaining hazard.
➢ Develop optimum measures for technical and organization protection in event of
an abnormal plant operation.
Objective Of The Study
Identification analysis and assessment of hazard and risk are very useful in providing information
to risk management. It provides basis for what should be type and capacity of its on-site and
offsite emergency plan also what types of safety measures are required. The main objectives of
the Risk Assessment Studies are as given below:
➢ To define and assess emergencies, including risk impact assessment.
➢ To control and contain incidents.
➢ To safeguard employees and people in vicinity.
➢ To minimize damage to property and environment.
➢ To inform the employees, the general public and the authority about the hazards
/risk assessed, safeguards provided, residual risk if any and the role to be played
in them in the event of emergency.
➢ To be ready for mutual aid if need arise to help neighboring unit. Normal
jurisdiction of an OEP (On-site Emergency Plan) in the own premises only, but
looking to the time factor in arriving the external help or off - site emergency plan
agency, the jurisdiction must be extended outside the extent possible in case of
emergency occurring outside.
➢ To inform authorities and mutual aid centers to come for help.
➢ To affect rescue and treatment of casualties. To count injured.
➢ To identify and list any death.
➢ To inform and help relatives.
➢ To secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas and to restore normalcy.
➢ To provide authoritative information to the media.
➢ To preserve records, equipments, etc., and to organize investigation into the cause
of emergency and preventive measures to stop its recurrences.
➢ To ensure safety of the workers before personnel re - enter and resume work.
➢ To work out a plan with all provisions to handle emergencies and to provide for
emergency preparedness and the periodical rehearsal of the plan.
Relevant Definitions
1. Accident:
An Accident is an unplanned, unexpected and undesired event.
2. Major Accident:
A Major Accident as defined by Rule 2 (j) of the Manufacture, Storage, Import of Hazardous
Chemicals Amendment Rules, 2000 (MSIHCAR, 2000) means an incident involving loss of life
inside or outside the installation, or ten or more injuries inside and/or one or more injuries
outside or release of toxic chemicals or explosion or fire or spillage of hazardous chemicals
resulting in onsite or off-site emergencies or damage to equipment leading to stoppage of
process or adverse effects to the environment.
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3. Chemical Accident:
A Chemical Accident as defined by the Rule 2 (a) of the Chemical Accidents (Emergency
Planning Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996 (CAEPPRR, 1996) means an accident
involving a fortuitous, or sudden or unintended occurrence while handling any hazardous
chemicals resulting in continuous, intermittent or repeated exposure to death, or injury to, any
person or damage to any property but does not include an accident by reason only of war or
radioactivity.
4. Major Chemical Accident:
A Major Chemical Accident as defined by the Rule 2 (f) of the (Chemical Accidents Emergency
Planning Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996 (CAEPPR, 1996) means an occurrence
including any particular major emission, fire or explosion involving one or more hazardous
chemicals resulting from uncontrolled development in the course of industrial activity or
transportation or due to natural events leading to serious effects both immediate or delayed,
inside or outside the installation likely to cause substantial loss of life and property including
adverse effects on the environment.
5. Hazard:
A Hazard is a physical situation that may cause human injury, damage to property or the
Environment.
Chemical Hazard:
Chemical Hazard is a hazard due to chemicals (including its storage, process, handling, etc.)
and it is realized by fire, explosion, toxicity, corrosivity, radiation, etc. Toxicity level of hazardous
chemicals as per Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical (Amendment)
Rules, 2000 (MSIHC) is shown in following Table 7-1
Table 7-1: Toxicity Level of Hazardous Chemicals
SR.
NO TOXICITY
ORAL TOXICITY
LD50(MG/KG)
DERMAL TOXICITY
LD50(MG/KG)
INHALATION TOXICITY
LC50(MG/L)
1. Extremely toxic > 5 <40 < 0.5
2. Highly toxic >5-50 >40-200 < 0.5 - 2.0
3. Toxic >50-200 > 200-1000 >2-10
6. Risk:
A Risk is the likelihood of an undesired event (i.e. accident, injury or death) occurring within
a specified period or under specified circumstances. It may be either a frequency or a
probability depending on the circumstances.
7. Emergency:
An Emergency as defined by Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), Govt. of India is a
situation created by a Chemical Accident involving hazardous chemicals, which causes a
threat to the safety of workers, residents, environment or property.
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8. On-Site Emergency:
An On-Site Emergency is caused by an accident that takes place in a chemical installation
and effects are confined to the plant premises, involving the people working in the plant.
9. Off-Site Emergency:
If an accident takes place in a chemical installation and its effects are felt outside its premises,
the situation there created is called on Off-Site Emergency.
10. Major Emergency:
A Major Emergency is the one that may affect several departments within an area and may
cause serious injuries, loss of life, and extensive damage to property or serious disruption
outside the works. It requires use of outside resources to handle it effectively.
11. Disaster:
A Disaster is a catastrophic situation in which the day-to-day patterns of life are suddenly
disrupted, plunging people into helplessness suffering and as a result need protection,
clothing, shelter, medical and social care and other necessities of life.
12. Major Accident Hazards (MAH) Installations:
It is defined by Rule 2 (ja) of the Manufacture, Storage, Import of Hazardous Chemicals
Amendment Rules, 2000 (MSIHCAR, 2000) means isolated storage and industrial activity at
a site handling (including transport through carrier or pipeline) of hazardous chemicals equal
to or, in excess of the threshold quantities specified in, column 3 of Schedule 2 and 3
respectively.
13. Environment:
It is defined by Section 2(a) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA, 1986) includes
water, air and land and the interrelationship which exists among and between water, air and
land, and human begins, other living creatures, plants, microorganism and property.
14. Environmental Pollutant:
An Environmental pollutant as defined by Section 2 (b) of the Environment (Protection) Act,
1986 (EPA, 1986) means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in such
concentration as may be, or tend to be injurious to environment.
15. Environmental Pollution:
An Environmental Pollution as defined by Section 2(c) of the Environment (Protection) Act,
1986 (EPA, 1986) means the presence in the environment of any environmental pollutant.
16. Hazardous Substance:
An Hazardous substance as defined by Section 2(e) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
(EPA, 1986) means any substance or preparation which, by reason of its chemical or
physicochemical properties or handling is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living
creatures, plants, micro-organism, property or the environment.
17. Hazardous Chemical:
Hazardous Chemical as defined by Rule 2 (e) of the Manufacture, Storage, Import of
Hazardous Chemicals Amendment Rules, 2000 (MSIHCAR, 2000) means:
a. Any chemical which satisfies any of the criteria laid down in Part I of
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Schedule I or listed in Column 2 of Part II of this Schedule,
b. Any Chemical listed in Column 2 of Schedule 2,
c. Any Chemical listed in Column 3 of Schedule 3.
18. Hazardous Process:
Hazardous Process as defined in Section 2 (cb) of the Factories Act means any process or
activity in relation to an industry specified in the First schedule of the Factories Act, 1948
where, unless special care is taken, raw materials used therein or the intermediate or finished
products, bye- products, wastes or effluents causes material impairment to the health of the
persons engaged in or connected therewith to Result in the pollution of the general
Environment.
19. Occupier:
An Occupier as defined by Section 2 (f) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA, 1986),
in relation to premises, means a person who has control over the affairs of the factory or the
premises and includes, in relation to any substance, the person in possession of the
substance.
Hazard Identification
As proposed project is common effluent treatment facility which does not involve major
hazardous chemicals both quality and quantity wise during operation phase. The hazards
identified are:
• Health hazardous due to leakage of untreated effluent.
• Health hazard due to used of treatment chemical i.e. lime, alum etc.
• Toxic and corrosive hazard due to hydrochloric acid handling.
• Fire hazard due to ignition of flammable chemical i.e. HSD.
• Electrical hazards due to the electrical major equipment/ machinery, operations,
welding, motors, and heavy lift devices, cabling, human intervention (short circuit
possibility), maintenance work (due to machinery breakdown etc.), plant lighting related
electrical hazards.
• Possibility of human injury due to working with mechanical machines, manual handling
etc.
• Possibility of injury during chemicals handled, during operations and due to intoxication.
• Major dropped objects hazard due to large number of physical handling steps /
operations involved with crane/ overhead lifting/ hoisting equipment.
• Fires in any part of the plant working areas - there is a possibility of rapid escalation if it
is not brought under control quickly.
• Possibilities of fire hazards at transformers, switchgear and other electrical equipment
etc.
Safety Precautions
Following precautions is/shall be taken while storage of chemicals:
• The tanks shall be located and marked in the designated area for the hazardous chemical
storage.
• Tanks of proper material of construction will be selected.
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• The tanks shall be filled up to 85-90% of its capacity
• All tanks shall be uniformly tagged.
• Level indicators in tanks shall be provided.
• Dyke wall shall be provided.
• Industrial type electrical fittings shall be provided.
• Electrical installation shall be as per hazardous area clarification.
• Safe working place shall be provided in between all tanks/equipments.
• Adequate fire-fighting equipments shall be provided.
• Anti-corrosive painting to be done.
• No smoking board shall be displayed.
• Safety instruction board shall be displayed.
• Standard Operating Procedure for the storage will be prepared.
• Proper earthing/bonding shall be provided.
• Lightning arrestor should be provided.
While hazards of other type along with safety measures, flood control measures and
earthquake control measures are given in Table-7.3, Table-7.4 and Table-7.5 respectively.
Table 7-2: Hazards and Its Control
SR.
NO
NAME OF
POSSIBLE
HAZARD &
EMERGENCY
IT’S
SOURCE &
REASONS
IT’S EFFECT
ON PERSONS
PROPERTY &
ENVIRONMENT
PLACE OF
EFFECT
CONTROL
MEASURES TO BE
PROVIDED
1 Fire Transformer
Transfer oil
short circuit,
DG fuel etc.
Health effects,
Damage of
storage facilities
and air & soil
contamination
Transformer
near Power
control
Centre, fuel
storage
area
*Fire Fighting
Equipment's
*Graved bed for oil
spillage or soaking
isolated fenced area
*Lightening arrestor
nearby
*DG set for
emergency power
supply
*Lightening arrestor
at buildings
2 Spillage of
untreated
effluent
Natural
Disaster,
Earthquakes,
Manmade
war etc.
Health effect to
human and land
and water
contamination.
Plant area &
population
nearby
*First aid available
*Security at all the
time guarding
important locations
*extra spare parts
will be provided
* immediate
maintenance will be
done
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Table 7-3: Flood Control Measures
SR.
NO. HAZARD SAFETY PRECAUTIONS EMERGENCY CONTROL
1 Electric shock
*All electric line cut off / switch
off from main supply.
*Give artificial respiration if
needed.
*Shock proof hand gloves
should be used if needed
*Stop electric power
*Inform site main
controller for outside help
2 Slippery Surface
* Clean the working place
*Keep away all persons at safe
assembly points
*Start the emergency
water tapping
Table 7-4: Earthquake Control Measures
SR.
NO HAZARD SAFETY PRECAUTIONS EMERGENCY CONTROL
1. Toxic gas release /
Fire
Minimum stock of chemicals
Earthquake proof
building
* Stop the leakage.
* Inform site main controller
for outside help
2. Mixing of
incompatible
chemicals
Safe distance between chemicals
Dyke wall at all storage tank
of chemicals
*Stop the leakage
* Inform site main controller
for outside help
Fire Fighting System
CETP management shall take into consideration fire prevention measures at the project
planning and during plant commissioning stage to avoid any outbreak of fire.
Table 7-5: Fire Fighting System
SR.NO. LOCATION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER
1 LDO/HFO/Oil storage area DCP/ABC
2 Electrical DB DCP/ABC
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3 Electrical panel Dry CO2
4 Office and administration DCP/ABC
5 DG room DCP/ABC
6 Hazardous waste storage area DCP/ABC
7 Vehicle parking area DCP/ABC
8 Security cabin DCP/ABC
Major Hazards And Damage Criteria
Hazard is the associated term with material, which is a measure or the likely hood of the
damage to human working with, or studying the material in question. All the probable potential
hazardous is classified under different heads.
1) Fire hazards
2) Toxic gas release hazards
3) Explosion hazards
4) Corrosion hazards
5) Biological hazards
Fire Hazards
Since the Stone Age term 'fire' is associated with fear. It is very dangerous if occurs in
uncontrolled manner. It should be clearly understood that when a liquid is used having flash
point below the normal ambient temperature, it could, in suitable circumstances, liberate a
sufficient quantity of vapor to give rise to flammable mixtures with air. CETP shall use
inflammable chemicals like diesel as a fuel for Standby DG set which may lead to fire hazard.
Diesel will be stored in Drum/tank in separate storage area. Rule of no smoking will be
observed strictly in the storage area.
Sufficient water storage tank will be designated for emergency situation.
Toxic Hazards
Toxic substances affect in three ways by ingestion, absorption & inhalation. Proposed CETP
Project may be using lime etc in minor quantity which may be lead to toxic hazard. Adequate
provision of safety along with personal protective equipment will be made; breathing
apparatus and emergency kit shall be provided.
Explosion Hazards
Release of energy in a rapid and uncontrolled manner gives rise to explosion. Proposed
project shall not be using any explosive material.
Corrosion Hazards
Corrosion is a chemical reaction-taking place at the surface of metal. Proposed CETP shall be
using the polyelectrolyte, Alum and lime which is corrosive in nature. These chemicals have
their typical hazard when it comes in contact with human tissues. This has adverse effects on
weakening the strength of material in contact. CETP will take due care to overcome the hazard
i.e. scrubbing system will be provided as per requirement. All the metal units and pipe line will
be painted with special type of anticorrosive paint. Good quality materials shall be used for
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transferring corrosives. Regular thickness testing of equipment, pipelines etc. will be carried
out to have the exact picture of effect of corrosion.
Biological Hazards
Proposed project is waste water treatment facility which involves the biological activities for
treatment of effluent so biological hazards can’t be eliminated. The most common way of
biological hazards is by hand to mouth contact during eating, drinking and smoking or by
wiping the face with contaminated hands or gloves or by licking splashes from skin or by
breathing them in, as dust, aerosol or mist. The major source of biological hazard on proposed
site is biological sludge drying bed, filter press, biological storage sump etc. Practically,
complete elimination of biological hazards cannot be possible. It will be reduce by adopting
the safe practice guards.
Occupational Hazards And It Control Measure
The detail of hazard involved with common effluent treatment plant facility and its preventive
measure required to be taken for the health and safety of the workers/operators are given in
table:
Table 7-6: Occupation Hazards And Its Control Measure
HAZARDS ACTIVITIES CONTROL MEASURES
Accident hazards
1. Slips and falls on floors
made slippery by water,
aqueous solutions.
2.Falls into ponds, pits,
clarifiers or tanks causing
injuries or drowning
1. Use safety shoes or boots with non-
slip soles.
2. Make area dry as much as possible.
3 Railing shall be provided.
1. Blows and contusions
caused by falling heavy
articles, including containers
of chemical reagents, or by
contact with moving
machinery or vehicles
1. Wear personal protective equipment
and chemical resistant clothing to
avoid exposure of skin or eyes to
corrosive and/or polluted solids,
liquids, gases or vapors
2.First aid box shall be provided
3.Moving parts of machines will be
provided with suitable guards
1. Hazards related to entry
into confined spaces -
suffocation due to oxygen
deficiency, poisoning (e.g. by
hydrogen sulfide), etc.
1. Do not mix chemicals without the
supervision of a qualified chemist or
safety professional
2. Obey safety-instructions regarding
the storage, transport, handling or
pouring of chemicals
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1. Electric shock caused by
contact with faulty electrical
equipment, cables, etc.
1. Check electrical equipment for
safety before Use Verify that all electric
cables will properly Insulated.
2. Repair and test all faulty or suspect
electrical equipment before reused
3.All electric line cut off / switch off
from main Supply.
4. Hand siren use to declare
emergency Shock proof hand gloves
should be used if needed
1. Cuts and pricks by sharp
tools sharp edges of articles
to be plated sharp deposits
on jigs etc.
2. Injuries (especially of
eyes) caused by flying
particles.
1. Wear safety goggles in all cases
where the eyes may be exposed to
dust, flying particles, or splashes of
harmful liquids.
2. Leather hand gloves during
handling of sharp edges articles.
1. Vigorous chemical
reactions caused by
uncontrolled mixing of
chemicals (e.g., if water is
mixed with lime, Alum, during
the preparation of reagents
for wastewater treatment.
1. Wear respirator, or gas mask, when
exposed to harmful aerosols, dusts,
vapors or gases Obey safety-
instructions regarding the storage,
transport, handling or pouring of
chemicals
2. Take extreme care when handling
highly corrosive and toxic agents such
as concentrated acids or alkalis, or
when toxic gases may be emitted from
the reagents etc.
1. Acute poisoning caused by
various chemicals present in
the wastes, used as reagents
or released during the
treatment; a particular hazard
is caused by the possible
release of a number of
poisonous gases e.g.,
hydrogen-sulfide etc.
1. Take extreme care when handling
highly corrosive agents such as liquid
and concentrated acids or alkalis, or
when toxic gases may be emitted from
the reagents, etc.
2. Obey safety instructions concerning
entry into confined spaces.
Physical hazards
1. Exposure to excessive
noise levels from mechanical
equipment.
2. Exposure to adverse
weather (low Or high
temperature, rain, snow,
storms, etc.)
1. Preventive maintenance of
equipment.
2. Ear plug and ear muff shall be
provided.
3. Vibration pads shall be installed for
high vibrating equipments.
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Chemical hazards
1. Chronic poisoning by
inhalation or ingestion of
many of the chemicals used
in waste- water treatment
2. Dermatitis caused by
exposure of the skin to waste
waters, cleaning formulations,
acid and alkaline s solutions,
etc.
3. Irritation of mucous
membranes (in particular of
the respiratory tract) by acid
or alkaline vapors or aerosols,
by hydrogen sulfide, and
other substances
1. Wear respirator, or gas mask, when
exposed to harmful aerosols, dusts,
vapors or gases.
2. Only qualified/experience personnel
shall be allowed to work for
critical/hazards operation.
3. First aid box shall be provided.
Biological hazards
1. Diseases caused by
infectious agents (bacteria,
viruses, protozoa,
1. All workers should undergo periodic
examinations by occupational physician
to
helminthes and fungi) present
in the raw wastewater (mainly
from human origin)
reveal early symptoms of possible
chronic effects or allergies.
2. Diseases caused by
contact with the toxins
released by the infectious
agents
2. Safe manual handling procedure
shall be followed.
3. Diseases caused by
insects or rodents
proliferating in the sludge
drying beds
Ergonomic,
psychosocial and
Organizational
factors
A
Musculoskeletal injuries
caused by overexertion while
handling heavy loads, such
as containers of chemicals, or
by awkward working postures
(including frequent bending),
etc. Discomfort and
psychological problems
related to prolonged wear of
protective clothing (including
heavy boots, aprons and
other impermeable pieces),
to the bad smells of the
wastes, to the feeling of
working with "soiled" liquids in
a "dirty" and not too
"respectable" occupation,
and to the apprehensions
caused by awareness of the
dangers of the workplace
Learn and use safe lifting and moving
techniques for heavy or awkward
loads such as containers of chemicals;
use mechanical aids to assist in lifting
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Occupational Health And Safety Program
Health hazards associated with the occupation are called occupational hazards. CETP shall
carry out the following checks to curb the problem:
a. Periodical medical checkup shall be done for all employees as per requirement.
b. First aid training shall be given to the employees.
All precautions shall be taken to avoid foreseeable accidents like spillage, fire and explosion
hazards and to minimize the effect of any such accident and to combat any emergency at site
level. Preventive safety measures shall be taken to minimize the risk of accident with respect
to Technical Safety, Organizational Safety and Personal Safety are listed below:
• The society shall take all reasonably practicable measures to minimize the risk of such
accident in compliance with the legal obligation under the relevant safety.
• All building plans and installations shall be as per relevant acts and duly approved by
competent government authorities.
• Process and Equipment shall be designed by qualified and experienced professionals
and fabricated to applicable national / international codes with stage wise inspection.
• Hazardous processes shall be operated by trained workers and shall be looked after by
qualified & experienced supervisors.
• Safety features such as fire extinguishers and suitable Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE) shall be provided. Regular operations and testing of fire hydrant system and fire
extinguishers shall be carried out.
• Use of flameproof electrical equipment, flame arresters and breather valves shall be
done.
• Provision of Earthing and lighting arrestor to prevent electrical fires and explosions in
flammable chemical storage area areas shall be done.
• Drums storing hazardous liquid chemicals shall be place separately to confine any
spillage and facilitate easy collection. Necessary separation distance shall be
maintained.
• Training of workers and Staff shall be given for fire fighting, work permit system, first aid,
safe handling of hazardous chemicals and integrating safety, in all activities.
• Good housekeeping in plant premises shall be ensured.
• Accident / Incident reporting system and information of employees about the same shall
be done for better awareness.
• Suitable notices / boards shall be displayed at several locations indicating appropriate
hazards warning as well as DOs and DON’Ts for ensuring operational and personal Safety
for information of workers / staff and visitors.
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) shall be provided to employees as per the job
requirements.
• Strong communication system shall be provided.
Safety Features And Emergency Capabilities
Objectives Of Emergency Procedures
The objective of the procedure is to define role of key personnel of different services during
major emergency to be effectively utilized to:
a. Safeguard lives
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b. Contains of incident and bring it under control
c. Minimize damage to property & neighboring environment
d. Rescue & treatment of casualties & evacuation of persons to safe areas
e. Identification of affected persons, information to relatives and extending necessary
assistance.
f. Preservation of information, records etc. which will help in investigation
g. Welfare assistance to casualties
h. Providing relevant information to police, district authorities and news media
i. Passing of information to relevant persons/agencies and warning the persons who are
likely to be affected.
j. Mobilizing inside resources.
k. Initiating and organizing evacuation of affected persons.
l. Collecting latest status, other information and requirement.
Basis Of Plan And Handling Of Emergency
a. It is not possible to envisage and detail every action, which should be taken during an
emergency. The basic philosophy is to get key personnel of necessary discipline who
have the knowledge and background to assess the situation and give directions as
per the objectives as quickly as possible.
b. The plan identifies the services/departments required to combat emergencies and
identifies the key persons to discharge the duties.
c. Key personnel have been identified for emergencies and are responsible for providing
necessary assistance.
d. Any outside assistance, which RFTP shall get, shall be co-ordinate by the Main Site
Controller on duty.
e. Messages via telephones are restricted to key personnel only. This is required to keep
the telephones free for key personnel to contact for necessary feed-back.
f. Senior person who arrives on scene is automatically in-charge for the service group.
He should not leave the site without entrusting the charge to his deputy. All the key
personnel should be available at the main control room. All key personnel of other
services will report to main site controller, who will co- ordinate between various
departments and outside agencies.
Information About Emergency And Subsequent Actions
a. Any person noticing fire/explosion should shout FIRE, FIRE or HELP, HELP and will
activate the emergency bell.
b. Inform respective control rooms.
c. The Dept. Head will immediately rush to the incidence site to assess and take
immediate action required to control the source of incidence. They will also inform
Security and administration to come to the place of disaster/emergency and assist
them.
Instructions To Employees (Do’s & Don’t)
The plan assumes certain discipline at site during emergency as given below;
a. Do not get panicky
b. Do not approach the scene of disaster as a spectator
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c. Do not engage phones/ P.A. system unnecessarily
d. Non-essential personnel to gather at security gate after receiving instructions
e. Do not move here & there unnecessarily
f. Do not approach unnecessarily to get information or more inquiry
g. Remain at your working place unless called and be attentive to instructions
h. Ensure that all contract laborers working in the premises are immediately sent to main
security gate. They will receive further instructions from main site controller
All non - essential staff members should gather at safe assembly point and wait for
further instructions which will be communicated through PA system or by other
available means.
Instructions To Contractors
The plan assumes certain discipline at site during emergencies as given below;
a. Do not get panicky
b. Do not approach the scene of disaster as a spectator
c. Do not engage phones/ P.A. system unnecessarily
d. Non-essential personnel to gather at security gate after receiving instructions
e. Do not move here & there unnecessarily.
f. Do not approach unnecessarily for information or more inquiry.
g. Remain at your working place unless called and be attentive to instructions
h. Ensure that all contract laborers working in the premises are immediately sent to main
security gate. They will receive further instructions from main controller and wait for
further instructions which will be communicated through PA system or by other
available means.
i. All fabricator contractors should ensure that all welding machines are switched off and
all cylinders are closed before leaving the working area.
j. All civil contractors should be gathered at assembly points after declared emergency.
Mitigation Of Consequences During Major Accident
No major hazard installation can ever be absolutely safe. Even if a hazard assessment has
been carried out, if the hazards have been detected and appropriate measures have been
taken, the possibility of an accident cannot be completely ruled out.
So safety systems provide, which can mitigate the consequences of accident or emergency
situation.
Other measures for mitigating the consequences of an accident deal mainly with the response
to a release of a hazardous substance. In order to be able to initiate counter measures in the
event of an accident, CETP shall install various safety systems to mitigate the consequences
during Major Accident are as under:
a. First aid handling team available round the clock.
b. Alarm System
c. Training to all employees regarding emergency preparedness
Emergency Control Centre With List Of Equipment And Accessories
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Administration office will act as Emergency Control Center. It is equipped with all necessary
accessories as mentioned below.
(A) Documents
• Site Plan
• List of essential telephone numbers
• List Firefighting equipment with their location
(B) Personal Protective Equipment
• Hand gloves
• Gum boots
• Goggles
• Helmets
• Safety belts
• Aprons
• Fire
• Proximity suit
(C) Equipment List
• Internal / External Telephone
• Portable alarm
• Torches
• Emergency Cupboard with necessary PPE Racer watches (STOP WATCH)
Disaster management plan
Defining the nature of emergency
Level of emergency can be classified in three categories:
LEVEL - 1:
The leakage or emergency, which is confinable within the plant, premises. It may be due to -
a) Small fire in the plant
b) Low toxic gas release for short duration.
c) Collapsing of equipment that do not affect outside premises.
LEVEL - 2:
The emergency, which is confinable within the plant premises. It may arise due to -
a) Major fire inside the plant premises.
b) Medium scale explosion confined to the plant premises.
c) Heavy toxic / flammable gas leakage for short duration.
LEVEL - 3:
The emergency, which is not confinable within the premises and general public in the vicinity
likely to be affected. It may arise due to -
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a) Explosion of high magnitude affecting the adjacent area Heavy / Profuse leakage of
toxic / flammable gases for a long duration.
Structure Of The Emergency Management
Table 7-7: Structure Of The Emergency Management
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLANT PERSONNEL
Incident Controller Plant Operational Head
Accident Site Controller Shift In Charge/Operations I/C
Liaison Officer Head Personnel & Administration
Engineering Team Eng; Manager, Maintenance MANAGER
Safety Team Manager Safety, Safety Officers, Firemen.
Medical Team Doctor, Nurse, Ambulance Driver
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Roles And Responsibilities
Table 7-8: - Roles And Responsibilities
S.NO TEAM LEADER ROLE & RESPONSIBILITY
1. INCIDENT
CONTROLLER
• Overall In- charge of the control of incidents
• On being informed rushes to Emergency Control
Centre
• Co-ordinates with Accident site controller
• Co-ordinates with Liaison officer
• Responsible for decision making.
• Informs the Owners as he feels fit
• Orders the start of EMERGENCY SIREN
• Orders the start of ALL CLEAR AIREN
• Decides and informs Liaison officer the
External requirements, communication to
be done.
• Interacts with the Accident Site
Controller in his operations.
• Calls a review meeting to discuss the actions
taken during EMERGENCY.
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S.NO TEAM LEADER ROLE & RESPONSIBILITY
2. ACCIDENT SITE
CONTROLLER
• Controls the ACCIDENT SITE.
• Decides the actions to stop plant & Machinery with
ENGG. TEAM
• Decides the actions required to mitigate the
accident with SAFETY TEAM.
• Discusses with Liaison officer on the
treatment requirements of Injured
persons.
• Obtains the list of missing persons from Liaison
officer and informs RESCUE TEAM for search and
rehabilitation.
• Advises Incident controller to Start Emergency Siren
• Advises the Incident Controller to Blow All Clear Siren
• Cleans the area of Emergency to restart operations.
3. LIAISON OFFICER • In charge of gate traffic regulation at MAIN GATE.
• In charge of all external communications
and facility requirements from outside.
• In charge of medical treatment to injured personnel.
• In charge of HEAD COUNT operations to find out
missing persons.
• In charge for regulating the personnel
inside the organization.
4. ENGINEERING TEAM • Will assist ACCIDENT SITE CONTROLLER in
protecting the Plant & Machinery
• Will assist in Emergency Shut down operations.
• Will assist movement of materials reduce the
severity of accident.
5. SAFETY TEAM • Will assist ACCIDENT SITE CONTROLLER in Mitigating
the accident causes-FIRE, TOXICITY, MAJOR
SPILLAGES,
6. MEDICAL TEAM • Will render medical assistance inside and outside
the plant premises. Will report to ACCIDENT SITE
CONTROLLER.
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S.NO TEAM LEADER ROLE & RESPONSIBILITY
7. RESCUE TEAM • Will render RESCUE & Rehabilitation operations
as per the instructions of ACCIDENT SITE
CONTROLLER.
EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION FOR NIGHT SHIFTS, HOLIDAYS ANS SUNDAYS
• INCIDENT CONTROLLER: The senior person in the service dept. will become the
incident controller till the designated person joins.
• ACCIDENT SITE CONTROLLER: The senior person in the Operations side will become
the Accident Site Controller till the designated person joins.
• LIAISON OFFICER: The senior person of the HR/security will become the liaison officer
till the designated person joins.
LIST OF KEY EMERGENCY PERSONNEL AND COMMUNICATION ABOUT EMERGENCY
List of key emergency personnel will be informed about the emergency through a group
‘SMS’. Their reply will be recorded.
INFORMATION OF EMERGENCY SIREN LOCATION AND FAQs.
(1) What is an Emergency Siren?
This system relates to the routine Siren system which is in use for shift and recess. This
siren creates the voice after a fix interval for Emergency.
(2) When this system should be used?
Always use this system only when a major emergency occurred at the facility.
(3) Who is authorized to operate this system?
When major incident occurs, the Security -In -Charge will operate the siren on the
instructions of incident controller.
(4) How emergency siren will be operated?
> The siren will be operated on a wailing mode (Ambulance Siren)
10 seconds on – 5 seconds off – 10 seconds on - 5 seconds off...for 3 minutes
(5) How all clear siren will be operated?
> The siren will be operated on a continuous mode (Ambulance Siren)
10 seconds on – 5 seconds off – 10 seconds on - 5 seconds off...for 5 minutes
INFORMATION OF ASSEMBLY POINTS
At the time of emergency, non - essential workers, casual workers, visitors and others are to
be assembled to Assembly Points and separate in-charge is nominated.
In case of an emergency, the visitors, contract persons and employees will gather at nearby
assembly point. Pre-designated persons will take their roll call. If needed, they can be
evacuated easily through any gate in a short period as per instruction of site main controller
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List of Assembly Point along with accommodation capacity. Two locations are identifying viz.
main gate and parking area.
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CHAPTER 8
PROJECT BENEFITS
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8 Project Benefits
Benefits: Economic And Social Infrastructure
The project will benefit the people living in the neighboring villages by giving preference to them
in relation to direct employment associated with the various project activities. The process of the
site area during the site preparation phase will involve a certain number of laborers. There is a
possibility that local people will be engaged for this purpose. The process will involve a number
of skilled and unskilled workers. There is a possibility that local people will be engaged for this
purpose to the extent possible and hence improve the existing employment scenario of the
region. Total 10 number of people may be employed in the project. However, most of the jobs
will comprise of technical involvement hence the villagers can possibly be employed only in
certain non-technical or casual labor jobs and that too for a limited duration. Also a systematic
employment policy will be drawn with respect to the same. Considering this, the impact is
significantly positive.
General development of the area and Impact on the local economy; since the activities involve
a large number of workers residing in the site area, there will be an obvious rise in the
developmental and commercial activities of the region. Local business (e.g. suppliers of
construction materials, shop owners of stationery and grocery shops of the nearby area) in this
region is also expected to flourish. The proposed project is therefore likely to benefit the people
living in the neighboring village by boosting the local economy. Additional expenditures incurred
by those employed at the facility are likely to enhance the economy. The villagers engaged in
side work activities like running shops within the villages or near the project site, petty tradesmen,
and vendors, domestic helps are likely to be benefited from the project.
Employment Opportunities
Skilled and unskilled manpower will be needed. This will temporarily increase the employment
opportunity. Secondary jobs will also bind to be generated to provide day-to-day needs and
services to the work force. This will also temporarily increase the demand for essential daily
utilities in the local market. The manpower requirement for the proposed project will generate
permanent and secondary jobs for the operation and maintenance of plant. The manpower
requirement for the project is estimated at about 10. This will increase direct and indirect
employment opportunities and ancillary business development to some extent for the local
population. This phase is expected to create a beneficial impact on the socio-economic
environment. The project will benefit the people living in the neighboring villages by giving
preference to them in relation to direct employment associated with the various project activities.
Construction and operation phase of the proposed project will involve a certain number of
laborers. There is a possibility that local people for construction phase as well as a number of
local skilled and unskilled people will be engaged in the employment which will improve the
existing employment scenario of the region. The managerial, supervisory and skilled personal
shall be sourced from nearby area.
Benefits Of Industries
The required raw materials and skilled and unskilled laborers will be utilized maximum from the
local area. The increasing industrial activity will boost the commercial and economical status of
the locality, to some extent.
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Social Responsibility
Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan (AHVS) is abided to provide a good social environment to
people in the vicinity of project site and in the region. In future, it is continually committed to
behave ethically and to contribute to economic development, while improving the quality of life
for the workforce and their families, as well as the local community and society at large. The
organization shall earmark funds for social development and welfare measures in the
surrounding villages. Following activity must be under taken a part of CSR.
Capacity Building Training Programs
Capacity building programmes would be implemented for the development of skill development
programmes.
Vocational Training: Creating institutions to impart vocational training for acquiring and
upgrading technical skills with a view to enhance employability. Establishing partnerships with
District Administration and various Non-Governmental Organizations to assist gainful self-
employment schemes for the unemployed youth in the area, such programs would include:
• Organization of training programs in Driving of 4 Wheelers and Auto, Welding and
fabrication, TVs, Radio, other electronic appliances mechanism
• Training programs on tailoring, embroidery, bamboo crafting to women
• Donate sewing matching for tribal woman.
Sponsoring Self-Help Groups: Sponsoring the SHGs would increase the quality of life of local
people. Besides, the promotion of savings, this will also enhance the marketability of local
products such as local handicrafts, fruits, minor forest produce, etc.
Promotion Of Local Cultural Activities
• Conservation of native tribal culture.
• Training on Traditional Arts like Music, Handicrafts, Dance, Drama, Painting, etc.
• Contribution/Grants for staging Drama/Village fair, etc.
Advantages Of CETP
• Saving in Capital and Operating cost of treatment plant. The Common treatment is always
cheaper than small scattered treatment units.
• Availability of land which is difficult to be ensured by all individual units in the event they
go for individual treatment plants.
• Contribution of nutrient and diluting potential, making the complex industrial waste more
amenable to degradation.
• The neutralization and equalization of heterogeneous waste makes its treatment techno-
economically viable.
• Professional and trained staff can be made available for operation of CETP which is not
possible in case of individual plants.
• Disposal of treated wastewater & sludge becomes more organized.
• Reduced burden of various regulatory authorities in ensuring pollution control
requirement.
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CHAPTER 9
ENVIRONMENTAL COST AND
BENEFIT ANALYSIS
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9 Environmental Cost And Benefit Analysis
The upcoming project will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities for the local
people. The CETP will create employment including skilled as well as semi-skilled staff directly
or indirectly. The secondary employment in the form of providing services to the employed
manpower will also be developed in the neighboring villages.
The organization will also provide the helping hand in the development of the nearby villages by
arranging regular medical checkup camp for the employees.
The project will generate a fair amount of direct, indirect and induced employment in the study
region. The local economy will receive a boost due to employee spending and services
generated by applicant.
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CHAPTER 10
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
PLAN
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10 Environment Management Plan
An EMP is a site-specific plan developed to ensure that all necessary measures are identified
and implemented in order to protect environment and comply with environmental legislation and
then being implemented with a primary objective to minimize harm to the environment.
In Chapter 4 of this EIA report, anticipated impacts during construction and operation phases of
the proposed project have been identified, predicted and evaluated. Conventionally most of the
identified impacts can be managed through the proposed project. However, where potential
sources of environmental impacts could not be managed through such measures, additional
mitigation measures are required. This chapter on the Environmental Management Plan [EMP]
lists and describes those measures, they are either of an organization, procedural or
technical/instrumental nature. These measures are over and above all items already
incorporated in the design of project facilities.
The details provided by the proponent about the proposed project [technical data, policy
matters, approach to environmental protection, etc.] and the baseline environmental status
monitored through field surveys during the study period have formed the basis to predict the
impact on all individual components of environment.
The impact identification and prediction has been made keeping in view the predicted results
primarily based on design details and the baseline data gathered during the study period. The
EMP relevant to construction and operation phases is delineated in the following sections.
Aims & Objectives
The aims of EMP are:
• Overall conservation of environment.
• Minimization of waste generation and pollution.
• Judicious use of natural resources and water.
• Safety, welfare and good health of the work force and populace.
• Ensure effective operation of all control measures.
• Control measures against probable disasters and accidents.
• Monitoring of cumulative and longtime impacts.
• Ensure effective operation of all control measures.
The main objectives in formulating the environment management plan are:
• To treat the effluent generated from the units at Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster to a level
so that the effluent can be recycled & reused.
• To minimize the air emission, noise and hazardous waste with appropriate technology.
• To comply with all the regulations stipulated by MoEF&CC /Central/State Pollution Control
Boards related to effluents inlet norms discharge standard and air emission as per Air &
Water pollution control laws.
• To handle hazardous waste as per Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and
Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 and amended thereof under
Environment(Protection) Act,1986.
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• To improve the overall environmental status and to improve methods of environment
management.
• To establish green belt/plantation/garden/lawn around the project area to improve the
aesthetics of the area.
• To create good occupational environment for the benefit of the employees to improve
their work efficiency.
• To take effective measures to curb the fire and accidental hazards on the project site.
• To arrange regular medical health check-up of the employees and to provide the medical
aid to them.
• To conduct the skill up-gradation training programmes for the employees and for
conducting training about preventive measures and for on-site and off-site emergency
conditions.
• To allocate the required funds for the effective environmental management.
• Continuous development and search for innovative technologies for better environment.
Construction Phase
The phase will typically involve on-site activities relating to civil construction, steel structure
erection and erection of machinery/equipment. The associated impacts are largely temporary,
and localized. The EMP is tabulated as under;
Table 10-1 Issues and their management during Construction Phase.
Sr. No Issue Management/Mitigation measures
1. Water environment • Water usage to be optimized
• Water quality (use based) – to be strictly regulated
• Domestic wastewater to be treated in the proposed project.
2. Air environment • Regular sprinkling of water on construction material
• Limited storage of construction mater in open at the site
• DG sets to be in strict compliance with applicable norms
3. Land environment • Careful preservation of fertile top-soil (excavated) – to be
relaid for green area development
• Excavated earth to be utilized for local fill to the extent
possible
4. Safety during
construction
• All manpower will be provided with personal protective
equipment
• Working hours and working conditions, as per norms, will be
strictly adhered to. adequate preventive measures to be
implemented
• Workers to be properly trained in on-site emergency response
management.
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Sr. No Issue Management/Mitigation measures
5. Labour welfare • The labour will be provided necessary facilities in functional
and hygienic manner
• No labour is allowed to stay at site as per contract agreement
• However toilets would be provided for labour use during day
time and operated so that there is no health hazard
• Special toilet arrangements for female workers will be made
to ensure their privacy
6. Equipment and
machinery
• All equipment and machinery will conform to the relevant BIS
norms, various other statutory provisions (in terms of
performance, emissions, noise, etc.)
• A record of PUC will be maintained for all plant and
machinery.
7. Parking and
machinery bays
• The area for parking of construction vehicles, fuel/lubricant
storage area, equipment and machinery area, will be lined
• All operations will be carried out in a way to prevent the
contamination of ground from spillage of fuels/lubricants
• Arrangement will be provided to arrest the run-off from the
area
8. Construction
material
The material to be procured from existing approved sources
conforming to the applicable environmental provisions and
should have valid consents/permissions/ authorizations.
9. Construction
operations
Construction material will be regularly sprinkled with water to
keep the exposed surface wet and preventing it from getting air
borne.
10. Material
transportation and
handling
• The vehicles should conform to Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
• Covered transportation will be preferred
• Due care to be taken during material unloading
11. Environmental
monitoring
Periodic monitoring of air, water, noise, and soil quality, through
an approved monitoring agency will be periodically undertaken
to ensure safe environmental conditions
Operation Phase
The phase will typically involve activities as follows;
a) Raw effluent collection, door-to-door collection and its transportation to the CETP through
vehicle (LCV/HCV) mounted tanks
b) Treatment of the collected effluent (to achieve zero liquid discharge)
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c) Distribution/sale of high quality reclaimed water
d) Collection, storage and disposal of hazardous waste generated
The management plan to address identified significant environmental aspects and impacts are
as under;
Table 10-2 Issues and Management during Operation Phase.
Issue Management/Mitigation measures
1. General • Operation Management Committee (OMC) – comprising of
qualified and experienced professionals and reporting to
Board of Directors – will manage key issues of day-to-day
operations
• Standard operating procedures (SOPs) and Good
operational practices (GOPs) will be developed and strictly
followed for operation and management of the CETP
(subjected to periodic review and revision, if need be)
• Chemicals to be used for treatment process shall be of high
quality and purity minimizing their consumption and
secondary pollution (sludge generation) as well as
improving water recovery during tertiary operations
(RO/MEE)
• Periodic performance study/audit of the CETP through
reputed institution/organization
• In case of emergency shut-down, information will be
immediately conveyed to the member industries and the
regulatory authorities
• All data/information regarding operation and monitoring of
the CETP will be periodically shared with the regulatory
authorities
• Guidelines issued by CETP or GPCB regarding CETP
operation and management, from time-to-time, will be
meticulously observed
2. Water environment • CETP being designed to receive and treat ~150 m3
/day of
raw effluent.
• Fresh water (groundwater) to be used only for domestic
purposes.
• Manifest/record of raw effluent collection and receiving from
individual member industries to be assiduously maintained
and regularly communicated to the GPCB.
• Special care to be taken for transportation of collected raw
effluent.
• Provision of online measurement and recording of key water
quality parameters and flow rates through various CETP
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Issue Management/Mitigation measures
units
• Setting up in-house laboratory for regular process control
and monitoring
• Chemical dosage (for coagulation, flocculation, etc.) to be
optimized regularly – at least once a day – through
laboratory based assessment
• In case of emergency stoppage of the treatment process,
provision will be made for raw effluent storage of at least 1-
day equivalent of the effluent received
• Domestic wastewater to be treated in the CETP.
3. Air environment • Periodic preventive maintenance of machinery/equipment
of air pollution control system
• Periodic monitoring of combustion emissions
• Development of appropriate green belt – will address air
pollution abatement and improve aesthetics
• DG sets to be in strict compliance with applicable norms
4. Solid/hazardous waste • The dried sludges/solids from CETP operation to be stored
on-site in HDPE bags (inside covered isolated room –
marked for hazardous waste storage) and finally disposed
through the nearby TSDF facility
• Spent oil will be stored in MS barrels (inside covered
isolated room – marked for hazardous waste storage) and
finally sold to authorized recyclers
• Proper record of hazardous waste generation and manifest
of hazardous waste storage to be maintained and
appropriately communicated to the GPCB through periodic
returns
• Trained manpower to be deployed for hazardous waste
handling
5. Health and safety • All manpower will be provided with personal protective
equipment
• Working hours and working conditions, as per ILO norms,
will be strictly adhered to
• Workers will be trained for safe handling of chemicals
• The CETP units will be provided with safety rails
• Appropriate provision of fire-fighting and electrical safety as
per the statutory guidelines
• Provision of on-site first-aid – workers to be properly trained
• Periodic health check-up of workers
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Issue Management/Mitigation measures
• Workers to be properly trained in on-site emergency
response management.
6. Worker’s welfare • The labour will be provided necessary facilities in
functional and hygienic manner
• The sanitation and sewage system are designed, built, and
operated, such that no health hazards occur and no
pollution to air, ground water, etc., takes place
• No labour is allowed to stay at site as per contract
agreement
• However toilets would be provided for labour use during
day time and operated so that there is no health hazard
• Special toilet arrangements for female workers will be
made to ensure their privacy
7. Equipment and
machinery
• All equipment and machinery will conform to the relevant
BIS norms, various other statutory provisions (in terms of
performance, emissions, noise, etc.)
• The project proponent will follow “buy quite” while
selecting machinery and equipment to achieve employee
daily noise exposures of or below an LAeq,8h of 85 dB(A)
• Adequate provision of standby machinery and equipment
of critical importance to avoid any breakdown related
shutdown
• Identification of critical spares and maintaining adequate
inventory of all
• Undertaking scheduled and preventive maintenance of
machinery and equipment diligently
8. Raw effluent
transportation and
handling
• The collected effluent will be underlined Pipelines
• Well qualified/experienced manpower to be retained for
the work – loading/unloading, treatment, monitoring, etc.
• Manpower to be adequately trained.
9. Environmental
monitoring
Periodic monitoring of air, water, noise, and soil quality,
through an approved monitoring agency will be periodically
undertaken to ensure safe environmental conditions
Construction Phase Management
Environment impact during the construction phase can be attributed to the site preparation, civil
works, erection & mechanical fabrication, waste disposal, welding etc. and provision of civic
amenities to the construction workforce. The potential for environmental impact during
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construction phase on most of the environmental component, except land use, is temporary, and
environment returns back to its previous status on completions of the construction. However, the
land use change and any associated loss of flora, is permanent.
The site preparation and construction for the plant shall be undertaken on open land and
topography of the site is plain. Thus, change in land use and destruction of flora from the
construction area is not involved. The Environment Management Plan for construction phase is
described below:
• During site preparation, the excavated materials i.e. topsoil and stones shall be stacked
at safe place for reuse at a later stage.
• To prevent soil erosion during construction phase, temporary seeding and sedimentation
basin shall be provided.
• During dry weather, control of the nuisance created by excavation, leveling and
transportation activities shall be carried out by water sprinkling.
• Fugitive dust emissions due to transportation activities can be controlled by water
sprinkling.
• Excavation area would be barricaded.
• Safety equipment such as ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet face shields and safety goggles
etc. will be provided to workers engaged in high risk areas.
• The contractor should employ as many labors as possible. This will generate employment
in the area.
• This will also help in reducing some of the problems associated with accommodating the
workers brought from outside.
• For the outside workers, the contractor should make provisions for accommodating his
workers in temporary dwellings and provide them with the basic amenities like water,
toilet facility to maintain the sanitary conditions of the area and ensure proper standards
of hygiene. All these can be avoided by employing locals.
• The activities generating noise should be stopped after 6.00 pm.
• Vehicles should be properly maintained to minimize exhaust emissions, reduce noise and
prevent leaking of oil from vehicles.
Development of green belt shall be started along with the construction activities itself.
Operational Phase Management
Proposed plant itself water management facility for treatment of liquid effluent generated. The
detail study was carried out for operational phase aspect, impact and their mitigation measure.
Several control measures have been incorporated in the process technology to minimize wastes
generation and subsequent environment impacts during the operational phase.
Conveyance
There is a cluster of 49 textile units. The proposed CETP will be located at the centre of the
cluster. The individual unit will function only in single shift operation basis which increases the
peak discharge reasonably higher than the average discharge flow rate if it operates on 24 hours
basis.
The effluent discharge from the participating units will be taken to the CETP site through 150 mm
dia. PVC Pipe, already laid down. The distance from the nearest unit is 40 meters and 350 meters
length is used to take the effluent from furthest unit.
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The available slope for the pipeline already laid down is 1:200. The hydraulic drop provided is
1.75 meter vis-a-vis the estimated pressure drop for the furthest unit assuming full conduit flow
is 1.17 meter which is quite safe for the present peak flow rate. In Phase-2, with the increase in
the effluent discharge, the peak flow rate will also be increased. Then, the estimated pressure
drop will increase up to 5.02 meter which will exert a back flow unless the diameter of conduit is
increased.
In view of above following are few recommendations: -
• The convey network must have some intermediate sump at convenient distance (say 100
meter linear distance centre to center).
• The diameter of the conduit must be increased to minimize the pressure drop.
• The effluent must pass through a bar screen & coarse screen.
• Necessary Hydraulic drop has to be provided for easy conveyance of effluent to the
CETP.
Details Of Environmental Management Plan
During Construction Phase
Air Environment
Construction of the proposed CETP will be carried out on land dedicated for the project. The
management plan suggested in order to prevent air pollution due to construction activities is as
mentioned below:
• Whenever feasible, construction materials will be procured from local market. It will
minimize pollution due to transportation.
• The vehicles used for transportation of construction material will be certified valid PUC.
• The trucks carrying cement and sand will be covered in order to prevent the fugitive
emissions due to material handling.
• Temporary shed will be developed in order to store the construction material inside the
project premises.
• The machinery used for construction purpose will be properly maintained and serviced.
• It will be ensured that diesel powered vehicles and construction machinery are properly
maintained to minimize the exhaust emissions as well as noise generation
• The construction debris generated will be properly stored in the shed and later should
be used for leveling of low lying area and road construction.
• Regular water sprinkling will be done in the storage area and within the plant boundary
for dust
suppression.
• The fuel used for the machines will be of good quality.
• Proper arrangement will be made to prevent washout of construction material during the
monsoon season. Temporary shed of brick should be constructed during the monsoon
season for the storage of construction material.
• Proper storm water management system will be integrated in design phase and civil
works will be carried out accordingly at project site.
• Once the construction phase is completed, proper clean up of the plant area will be done
and the construction debris and the other waste will be disposed off at the low lying
areas.
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During operation phase
Air environment
Point Source emission:
Only silent DG set will be installed, to run the emergency services in case of power failure. So it
will be occasionally operative. And adequate stack height will be provided to minimize the
pollutant effect in surrounding atmosphere.
Fugitive emission:
In order to meet the standards as prescribed in NAAQS, the following management plan was
implemented
• In proposed CETP, exposed surfaces will be very less. Regular & periodic sprinkling of
water on all exposed surfaces to suppress emission of dust. Frequency of sprinkling may
be increased to keep dust emissions under control.
Water environment
AT CETP SITE
Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sansathan would adopt the following EMP to prevent water
environment:
• Water conservation measures would be taken to optimize the fresh water requirement
and record of water consumption would be maintained.
• Record of the inlet wastewater quantity and treated water/disposal quantity would be
maintained.
• Environment testing laboratory would be established.
• Records of analysis results of untreated wastewater would maintain.
• Records of analysis results of treated effluent would be maintained.
• Annual environmental audit from recognized environmental auditor would be conducted.
• Adequate spares for effluent collection, handling and transfer would be maintained.
• Preventive maintenance schedule would be made and implemented.
• Proper housekeeping should be adopted to prevent spillages and contaminated surface
runoff going to storm water drains.
• Rainwater harvesting facility would be provided within the premises.
• Monitoring plan shall be implemented as per schedule.
Member Units
• Quantify the effluent and record will be maintained.
• Quality of individual member’s effluent/ chamber will analyze and record will be
maintained.
• Periodically visual inspection would be done at center chamber/member units as per
requirement. If any illegal addition and withdrawal of effluent will be found during
inspection legal action would be taken.
Odor Management Plan
• Following control measure shall be taken to avoid the odor problem:
• All the aspects has adopted during the designing.
• Aerobic condition shall be maintained.
• Oxidizing/ precipitate the odorous compound by using oxidizing agent i.e. lime ferrous
sulfate, charcoal etc. as per requirement.
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• Minimize turbulence in effluent flow.
• Avoiding the overloading in processes.
• Avoiding the solids inventory and sludge backlog.
• Controlling the release of aerosols.
• Continuous disposal of sludge.
• Proper operating condition shall be maintained.
• Proper housekeeping shall be done
• Green belt shall be developed to restrict the odor.
Water Conservation
• The first step towards the management of water environment would be conservation of
the water. Proper step shall be taken to conserve the water, apart from the reuse and
recycle of the wastewater generated.
• Storm water drainage network shall be designed
• Total generated wastewater will be treated in CETP. Treated effluent shall be completely
reused and recycled within the plant premises. No treated water will be discharged
outside of premises.
• Rain water harvesting scheme shall be implemented.
Waste Water Generation During Construction Phase
Waste water generated during construction activities shall be collected in a septic tank with
impervious lining to avoid seepage of wastewater in groundwater. Waste water monitoring shall
be done as per CPCB guidelines.
Any spill from vehicle during construction phase shall be recorded & mitigated. Vehicle cleaning
at the end of the day will be done in designated area; water from there shall be connected to
septic tank for proper discharge.
Waste water generation during operation phase:
The wastewater generated shall be collected and treated in CETP of 150KLD capacity. Treated
effluent will not be discharged outside the premises. The CETP treated water will be further
disposed off onto green area for development.
Monsoon Plan
Total quantity of treated waste water will be sent back to member units for reuse in washing
purpose and green area development
Drainage And Storm Water Management
Proper peripheral drainage system with collection system will be provided. During the
operational phase, storm water from the CETP area will be collected and managed at the site in
an environmentally sound manner. During monsoon appropriate mitigation steps will be taken to
reduce the contamination risks. For example storm water drainage has been accounted for while
designing the facility. Mitigative measures during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon are
identified and will be implemented to reduce the contamination risks. Measures should be taken
to prevent entry of runoff into the storage area. The plan incorporates best management
practices, which includes the following:
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• Regular inspection and cleaning of storm drains.
• Cover waste storage areas.
• Avoid application of pesticides and herbicides before wet season.
• Secondary containment and dykes in fuel/oil storage facilities.
• Conducting routine inspections to ensure cleanliness.
• Preparation of spill response plans, particularly for fuel and oil storage areas.
• Good housekeeping in the above areas.
Rain Water Recharging Scheme
Rain water recharging is a way to capture the rain water when it rains, store that water above
ground or charge the underground and it will be useable later. The scheme of recharge well is
shown below figure 10-1. Roof top area of any constructed structure, any surface or the paved
areas can be treated as catchment as these areas receive the direct rainfall. Rooftops are the
best among them because of the large coefficient of runoff generated from them and there are
less chances of contamination of water. Conveyance system basically includes rain gutters and
down pipes which collects the rain water from catchment to the storage tank. These rain gutters
are usually built during the time of construction. They need to be designed appropriately as to
avoid the loss of water during the conveyance process. A tank of 4’x 4’x 4’ (or bigger size suitable
for the user) is to be made around the recharge tube well. The upper 2 to 3 m of the well casing
should be filtered and wrapped with micron or resin filter. The whole tank should be filled with
uniform sized gravel up to the top level. The rain water stocks towards the bore hole are filtered
through the gravel and pass through the micron filter and poured automatically inside the tube
well.
Figure 10-1 Schematic Diagram Of Recharge Well
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Pre-Treatment Of Storm Water
Storm Water Drainage Line: Channels will be installed wherever required to transport rain water
to the recharging pit. Drainage will be semi-circular and will be made using Galvanized Iron
sheet folded to required shapes. Drainages will be fixed using Iron Brackets.
Conduits: Pipes will be used to carry rain water from catchment to the recharge pit, passing
through filter. A valve will be put at the end of wall for first flushing.
Filter: Sand Filter will be used to remove suspended pollutants from the rainwater.
Solid/ hazardous waste managenent
Solid waste
Environment Management plan to be implemented for solid waste generation will include the
following
points:
• Recyclable material to be separated at source, & shall be sold to contractors for
recycling.
• No waste will be dumped at any location outside site boundary.
• Construction material shall be used on site as fill material or sold as scrap. Paint
containers etc. shall be returned to suppliers.
• Record of all waste generated, recycled, sold or disposed shall be maintained in a Waste
tracking Register.
Hazardous Waste
Construction phase
• Hazardous materials such as lubricating oil, paints and varnishes are required during
construction phase which should be stored properly as per the safety regulations at
isolated places.
• Accidental spillages of oil from construction equipment and storage sites should be
prevented.
Operation phase
In the proposed project only ETP Sludge & used oil will be generated. ETP sludge will be sent to
the TSDF site and the used oil shall be reused within the plant premises for lubrication purpose.
All hazardous waste will be separated from other waste & stored in designated areas with
restricted access & proper marking. Record of the hazardous waste generated shall be
maintained as per the Hazardous waste rules 2016 in the prescribed format and the same shall
be regularly submitted to statutory authority.
Direct manual handling of waste will be avoided. The person handling the waste will be equipped
with hand gloves resistant to the waste, face mask and goggles.
Noise Environment
Construction Phase
The major noise generation during construction activity will be from the construction equipments
and machineries. Following steps will be taken to combat the same:
• Noise generation due to friction from the machines shall be avoided by regular
maintenance
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• Ear muffs shall be provided to workers to minimize the effect of noise during construction
activity.
Operation Phase
The major noise generation during operation phase will be from the operation of CETP and D.G.
set.
The mitigation measures to be adopted while working close to the noise generating equipments
are as follows:
• Noise producing equipment should be placed at distance from each other to reduce the
cumulative noise level.
• Rotation of workers shall be done based on their exposure to noise level during the
working hours as per the Factory Act, 1948 and amendments thereof.
• Entry to the working area wherein the noise generating sources are located should be
permitted with PPE’s like ear muff, ear plugs.
• Display should be made clearly indicating noise prone area along with dB level
• To reduce the Noise generation during the transportation activities; the vehicle shall be
kept periodically serviced and maintained as per the requirement of latest trend in
Automobile industry.
• Only those Vehicles with PUCs and spark arresters shall be allowed for the transportation.
• All equipment in the plant would be designed/operated to have a total noise level not
exceeding 85 to 90 dB (A) as per the requirement of OSHA (Occupational Safety and
Health Administration) standard and the Environment (Protection) Rules.
• The organization will develop a green belt around periphery of the premises, which shall
act as a barrier to the propagation of noise from the CETP premises. This further reduces
the noise levels appreciably.
Land Environment
Following steps are proposed to take care of impact of construction activity on project land area:
• On the completion of civil works, all debris etc. will be completely removed from site to
avoid any incompatibility with future use.
• Other materials like paint, diesel etc. will be properly stored and handled to prevent any
spillage on land.
• All the wastes will be stored at a designated site within the premises to prevent scattered
discharge on land.
Ecological Balance
The total area for the proposed CETP is 1102.5 m2
approximately. It has allotted 277 sqm for
green belt development. The green belt development will be started during construction activity.
Hence, no major impact on ecology is anticipated.
Socio-Economic Survey
As there will be no temporary housing colony for construction workers, no socio-economic
impact due to the same is envisaged. Overall socio-economic effect of construction phase will
be positive due to direct and indirect employment opportunity for the local livings. Local people
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from nearby villages of the surroundings of the site will be employed for construction work to the
maximum extent possible.
Biological environment (operation phase)
Green belt development
Tree plantation is one of the effective remedial measures to control the Air pollution/dust emission
and noise pollution. It also causes aesthetics and climatologically improvement of area as well
as sustains and supports the biosphere. It is an established fact that trees and vegetation acts
as a vast natural sink for the gaseous as well as particulate air pollutants due to enormous
surface area of leaves. It also helps to attenuate the ambient noise level. Plantation around the
pollution sources control the air pollution by filtering the air particulate and interacting with
gaseous pollutant before it reaches to the ground. Tree plantation also acts as buffer and
absorber against accidental release of pollutants.
Adequate green belt will be developed as per the CPCB norms.
The plants used for Green belt development should exhibit following characteristics in order to
be selected for plantation.
1. The species should be fast growing and providing optimum penetrability.
2. The species should be wind firm and deep rooted
3. The species should form a dense canopy.
4. As far as possible, the species will be locally available.
5. Species tolerance to air pollutants like PM, SO2, and NOx should be preferred.
6. The species should be permeable to help create air turbulence and mixing within the
belt.
7. There should be no large gaps for the air to spill through.
8. Tree with high foliage density, leaves with larger leaf area and hairy on both the surface.
9. Ability to withstand conditions like inundation and drought.
10. Soil improving plants (Nitrogen fixing, rapidly decomposable leaf litter).
11. Attractive appearance with good flowering and fruit bearing.
12. Bird and insect attracting tree spacing.
The list of suitable tree species for green belt development along with the action plan is given in
Chapter 3.
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Organizational Hierarchical Structure
Figure 10-2 Organizational Hierarchical Structure
Funding Agency
(Handicrafts Mega Cluster Mission)
Chief Executive
Officer
Implementing Agency
(Northern India Textile Research Association)
End User
(Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan)
President
Technical
Consultant
Director General
Officiating Director
Employees (4 Nos.)
Environment
Division
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Environmental Management Cell
In order to maintain the environmental quality within the standards, regular monitoring of various
environmental components is necessary. Ajrakhpur Hastkala Vikas Sangathan (AHVS) will have
a full-fledged Environmental Management Cell (EMC) reporting directly to Functional Head for
environmental monitoring and control. The EMC team will take care of pollution monitoring
aspects and implementation of control measures.
A group of qualified and efficient engineers with technicians will be deputed for maintenance,
up keeping and monitoring the pollution control equipment, to keep them in working at the best
of their efficiencies.
Responsibilities of EMC
The responsibilities of the EMC include the following:
Regular environmental monitoring will be carried out to ensure that pollution is limited below
prescribed limits and to take corrective action by either optimizing the treatment process or
providing new equipment or improving the performance of pollution control equipment. In case
the monitored results of environment pollution will indicate parameters exceeding the prescribed
limits, remedial actions will be taken through the concerned plant authorities.
The actual operation and maintenance of pollution control equipments of each department will
be under respective department heads.
• To implement the environmental management plan.
• To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations.
• To ensure regular operation and maintenance of CETP.
• To minimize environmental impacts of operations as by strict adherence to the EMP
• To initiate the environmental monitoring as per approved schedule.
• Review and interpretation of monitoring as per approved schedule and corrective
measures in case monitoring results are above the specified limits.
• Maintain documents of good environmental practices and applicable environmental laws
as ready reference
• Maintain environmental related records.
• Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants, monitoring laboratories.
• Specification and regulation of maintenance schedules for pollution control equipment.
• Ensuring that standards are maintained.
• Developing the green belt.
• Ensuring water use is minimized by recycling.
• Organizing meetings of the Environmental Management Committee and reporting to the
committee.
Management and Maintenance of Conveyance System
• Environmental friendly and cost-effective system of effluent conveyance has been
planned to bring the effluent from the units to the proposed CETP.
• Following are the special provisions made in conveyance system to protect the
environment from any malfunction and for smooth conductance.
• Effluent will be transported via pipeline system from each industry to CETP after meeting
the discharge standards.
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• Proper Inspection will be carried out of the effluents received & discharged.
• Cleaning of pipeline will be carried out as per requirement.
• The routine monitoring of pipeline shall be carried out.
Management of Water Environment at CETP
• Record of daily effluent received from each member units and disposal of treated effluent
is maintained.
• Effective Wastewater treatment in CETP by proper operations and controls in order to
meet the disposal norms.
• After the effluent treatment, the hazardous sludge produced will be sent to designated
hazardous waste management facility.
• Regular maintenance of the plant will be carried out & care will be taken that the
generated leachate or any other waste water does not contaminate the ground water of
the area. The treated water will be recycled and reused for the horticulture & agricultural
purposes to have the eco-friendly system. Adequate Spares for effluent collection,
handling, treatment and transfer will be maintained.
• To record the stipulated quality parameters of the influent and treated effluent daily.
• The daily record of the quality and quantity of the influent and treated effluent will be
maintained by each member industry and is submitted on daily basis to CETP authorities.
This will facilitate the smooth functioning of the treatment plants at CETP and to calculate
the share of charge of individual member industries on pollution loads basis.
Corporate Social Responsibility
As the part of the corporate social responsibility, the following budget has been considered for
its implementation as contribution towards social development.
Table 10-3: Corporate Social Responsibility
Sr.
No. Activities Details
Total Amount
(in Lakhs)
3. Health Care Checkup
Health care checkup for
Workers and nearby
Villagers.
0.5
4. Development of Schools Necessary maintenance 0.5
Total 1
Note: The organization shall earmark the fund of Rs. 1 lakhs for the CSR. This Fund shall be
utilized over a period of 3 years.
Budgetary Provisions For EMP
Adequate budgetary provisions have been made by the management for execution of
environmental management plans. Total capital cost for environmental pollution control
measures would be Rs. 11 Lacs and recurring cost per annum would be Rs. 3 lacs. Budget
earmarked for pollution control/ monitoring equipment; operation and maintenance of pollution
control facilities, greenbelt development and maintenance.
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Table 10-4 Allocation of Budget for Environment Management Plan
S.No. Activity Capital Cost
(Rs. in Lakhs)
Operating Cost
(Rs. in Lakhs/ Year)
1. Air Pollution Control Measures 1.5 0.5
2. Solid/ Hazardous Waste
Management 2 1
3. Green Belt Development -- 0.5
4. Occupational Health & Safety 0.5 0.2
5.
Ambient Air, Soil, Noise, Water
Quality monitoring, Laboratory
equipments etc.
7 0.8
Total 11 3
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CHAPTER 11
SUMMARY
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11 Summary
Introduction
The ‘Ajrakh’ block printing style is a traditional art & cultural heritage of Kutch. Government has
taken initiative to conserve and protect the artisans through development of different
infrastructure facilities to promote and boost up the textile activity in that locality.
Textile processing activity necessarily generates some effluent. The discharge of untreated
effluent creates surface water contamination and diminishes the supply of good quality water
which is a major concern in Kutch. Therefore, treatment as well as reuse or recycling of water
through effective Environmental Management System is a major exercise sought-after for this
cluster - famous for several centuries.
Keeping this in mind, Govt. of India through Handicraft Mega Cluster Mission (HMCM) proposed
to address this issue for the benefits of the small & tiny processors and the CETP project was
initiated Ajrakhpur is worldwide known for the art of Ajrakh Block Printing Style. Mostly natural
dyes are used in dyeing & printing which includes a mixture of camel dung, soda ash and castor
oil, waste iron, myrobalan, madder, indigo, pomegranate peel boiled in water, sprays of turmeric
water, root of rhubarb etc. These blocks printing styles are century old traditions being followed
till date. To preserve the India’s traditional handicrafts, Ministry of Textile, Govt. of India through
Handicraft Mega Cluster Mission (HMCM) has taken initiative and approached NITRA for
establishment of CETP in Ajrakhpur Industrial Cluster.
Ajrakhpur industrial cluster (developed in 32 Acres area) is situated on approx. 16 km from Bhuj
city towards Bhuj-Bhachau Highway. Bhuj City has good connectivity of Bus and Rail Network
with other cities of Gujarat and India. The airport in Bhuj is also having connectivity with national
and international cities.
The present level of effluent discharge of all the processing units of the cluster is 150 m³/day
(KLD) for which there is a CETP proposed of 150KLD.
Category Of The Project
As per the EIA Notification 2006, the proponent needs to obtain the Environmental Clearance for
the proposed project for establishing CETP. Common Effluent Treatment Units (CETP) units are
listed at Serial no. 7(h) of the Schedule of EIA Notification of 14.09.2006 under Category ‘B’. No
General Conditions are applicable in the proposed project.
Salient Features Of The Project
Location Latitude: 23°13'53.11"N
Longitude: 69°47'41.35"E
CETP project is proposed at Common Plot No 1 of Survey No. 694
of Paddhar-Ajrakhpur Village.
Land Area Land area for proposed CETP is 1102.5 sq.m.
Screening Category 7(h), Category A as per EIA Notification 14th
Sep, 2006 and
amended thereof.
Project Profile The CETP is proposed to treat around 150 KLD industrial effluents
from the industries located in Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster.
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Cost of the Project Rs. 146 Lacs.
Resource Requirement
Source & Quantity of
Water
Proposed borewell (1Nos.) at site.
Power 40KW
Power Supplying
Agency
Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Ltd.
Power Backup 10 KVA – 1 Nos.
Man Power required Manpower required during Construction phase is 6 Nos.
Manpower required during operational phase is 4 Nos.
Environmental Management System
Effluent Treatment
Scheme
Proposed CETP is for the effluent treatment generated from Small
& tiny textile processing units who are engaged in this activity are
clustered around Ajrakhpur which is popularly known as ‘Ajrakhpur
Block Printing Cluster’.
Treatment Scheme
The treatment scheme starts with the collection of process effluent and other domestic effluent
into an equalization tank after passing through an oil and grease trap. Due to rapid discharge,
the peak flow rate would be high which will be absorbed into the equalization tank of sufficient
storage capacity.
Before oil & grease trap the effluent will pass through Bar & Coarse screen which has to be
cleaned manually at regular intervals. The mixed effluent from equalization tank would then be
subjected to a physico-chemical treatment in a reaction tank having multiple chambers fitted
with agitators where Acid & Ferrous Sulphate dosing will be carried out followed by lime dosing
for PH enhancement. This leads to final precipitation of chromium and dye stuff materials which
gives effluent clarification.
Subsequently, it will be taken into a tube settler for settling of flocks through settling process.
The overflow from the settler-1 will be imparted an aerobic treatment for the reduction of
BOD/COD. Aerobic system will function on the principle of attached growth and suspended
model. This lowers BOD/COD load easily. It also partially removes color successfully through
bio-adsorption. The process is effective enough for handling peak load and easy for trouble-
shooting.
The effluent would now pass through a secondary clarifier for the separation of bio-mass and its
recycling as per design requirement in to the aeration tank. This reduces BOD/COD value of the
treated effluent to virtually a negligible level. Moreover, it removes foul smell, improves effluent
transparency, residual color etc. The system needs nutrient dosing of Nitrogen (N) & Phosphorus
(P) as per ratio BOD: N: P:100: 5: 1 to promote the bio-growth.
The partially treated effluent will then pass through a series of reaction chambers for final
polishing through precipitation technique. The oxidation process would remove color more than
99%, improve transparency and make the effluent fit for subsequent polishing treatment. At this
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stage, part of the effluent could be discharged into green belt as the treated effluent
characteristics would be meeting the statutory norms of the state pollution control board. For
recycling, the partly polished effluent will be passed through battery of conventional filters
consisting of multi-grade filter, iron filter in order to achieve cent percent transparency.
Manpower Requirement
Six number of people will be employed during the Construction phase and four number of people
will be employed during the operational phase.
Effluent Transportation
As mentioned earlier, there is a cluster of 49 textile units. The proposed CETP will be located at
the centre of the cluster. The individual unit will function only in single shift operation basis which
increases the peak discharge reasonably higher than the average discharge flow rate if it
operates on 24 hours basis.
The effluent discharge from the participating units will be taken to the CETP site through 150 mm
dia. PVC Pipe, already laid down. The distance from the nearest unit is 40 meters and 350 meters
length is used to take the effluent from furthest unit.
Following are the special provisions made in conveyance system to protect the environment from
any malfunction and for smooth conductance.
• Effluent will be transported through pipeline system for each unit to CETP
• Proper inspection will be carried out
• Cleaning of pipeline will be carried out as per requirement
• The routine monitoring of pipeline shall be carried out.
Existing Environment
Existing environmental scenario has been described for the specific environmental components
as delineated in TOR for the study area of CETP.
The baseline study was conducted during period (Mid-September 2017 – Mid December 2017).
Air Environment
The results of the air environment carried out is given below:
Parameter Minimum
Value (µg/m3
) Location
Maximum
Value (µg/m3
) Location
PM2.5 17.2 Kukma 28.98 Ler
PM10 49.11 Kukma 72.12 Vadvara
NO2 8.46 Reldi Moti 16.16 Vadvara
SO2 6.37 Kukma 10.31 Ler
O3 3.39 Vadvara 6.83 Vadvara
In all cases, the 24-hourly average levels of SO2 and NO2 were observed to be within the limit of
80 µg/m3
for residential, rural & other areas as stipulated in the National Ambient Air Quality
Standards. Also, in all cases, the PM2.5 levels were within the corresponding permissible limit
of 60 µg/m3
. As well as PM10 level were within the corresponding permissible limit 100 µg/m3
as
stipulated NAAQS.
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Water Environment
Surface Water : The pH recorded for surface water at Village Paddhar is 7.73 and the pH of the
surface water at Village Kukma is 7.4. The Total dissolved solid varied from 1619-1719 mg/l,
Calcium was found between 18mg/l at village Kukma and 20mg/l at village Paddhar, Chloride
was found 499mg/l and 487mg/l respectively. In comparison, the Sulphate (SO4) was found
higher in Village Padhar i.e. 147mg/l and Nitrate(NO3) was found higher in Village Kukma
i.e.1.39mg/l.
Ground Water: The analysis results indicate the pH ranges in between 7.63 to 7.75, the maximum
pH of 7.75 was observed at village Lakhond and the minimum pH of 7.63 was observed at Village
Kukma. Total hardness was observed to be ranging from 297 to 598 mg/l. The maximum
hardness was recorded at Project site and minimum was recorded at village Lakhond. Chloride
was found to be in the range of 230.2 to 458.68 mg/l, the maximum concentration of chloride
was observed at project site and minimum value was observed at village Kukma.
Soil Environment
A. Soil reaction (pH): The nutritional importance of pH is illustrated, thus hydrogen ion
concentration has influence not only on, solubility of nutrients, but also upon facility with which
these nutrients are absorbed by plants, even already in soil solution for e.g. Fe,Mn and Zn
become less available as pH rises from to 6.92 to 8.62 indicating soil is slightly alkaline.
B. Electrical conductivity (EC): The salt content of the soils are estimated by EC measurements,
and is useful to designate soils as normal or sodic (saline). Electrical conductivity is expressed
as µmhos/cm at 25°C, or mmhos/cm. The EC of eight soil samples is between 2.69 to 3.89
mmhos/cm and are below the limits to be called as saline or salt affected and hence the soils
are normal for crop growth.
Noise Environment
It was observed that the noise levels both during day time and night time are found within the
desirable limits.
Biological Environment
➢ Detailed study has been conducted within the study area of 10 km to describe the
biological environment surrounding the CETP with specific reference to type of crops,
floral and faunal diversity, endangered species etc.
➢ There are no National Parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, Reserved & Protected forests with the
periphery of 10 km buffer zone from the project site.
➢ List of Flora & fauna has been incorporated in chapter-3.
Socio-economic environment:
The total Household in 22 villages are 6,550 and the total population is 30,036. The male
population is 51% and female population is 48.88%. Kukma has the highest population followed
by Padhar and Bhujodi and Nava Vas has no population followed by Vavdi, only 3 households
of 21 peoples.
Literacy rate is around 61% which is considerably lower than the overall state figure which is
79.31%. The Schedule Caste population is 15.17%.The Schedule Tribe community found in
these villages is very less only 0.72%. There are few villages where no schedule caste or
schedule tribe population. The population, below six year is 14.74%. Total working population is
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concerned 34.97%. Population is considered as main worker is 31%and Non worker is
65%whereas marginal worker considered 3.94% within study area.
LANDUSE PATTERNS:
➢ The villages situated within the 10 km radius of the proposed site have been considered
for the study of the land use pattern.
➢ Landuse pattern reveals that 29.63% land of the study area is Agricultural land whereas
the Built up Land is 4.57%, Fallow Land is 36.91%, mining area is 1.78%, Water bodies
are 0.71 %, Forest area/hill/shrubs are 26.7%.
Impact Assessments
Based on the project design details provided by proponent, data collected to describe the
existing environmental scenario and to satisfy the requirements of TOR, the impacts have been
identified and assessed.
Budgetary Provisions For EMP
Adequate budgetary provisions have been made by the management for execution of
environmental management plans. Total capital cost for environmental pollution control
measures would be Rs. 11 Lacs and recurring cost per annum would be Rs. 3 lacs. Budget
earmarked for pollution control/ monitoring equipment; operation and maintenance of pollution
control facilities, greenbelt development and maintenance.
Allocation of Budget for Environment Management Plan
S.No. Activity Capital Cost
(Rs. in Lakhs)
Operating Cost
(Rs. in Lakhs/ Year)
1. Air Pollution Control Measures 1.5 0.5
2. Solid/ Hazardous Waste
Management 2 1
3. Green Belt Development -- 0.5
4. Occupational Health & Safety 0.5 0.2
5.
Ambient Air, Soil, Noise, Water
Quality monitoring, Laboratory
equipments etc.
7 0.8
Total 11 3
Corporate Social Responsibility
As the part of the corporate social responsibility, the following budget has been considered for
its implementation as contribution towards social development.
Table 11-1: Corporate Social Responsibility
Sr.
No. Activities Details
Total Amount
(in Lakhs)
5. Health Care Checkup
Health care checkup for
Workers and nearby
Villagers.
0.5
6. Development of Schools Necessary maintenance 0.5
Total 1
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Note: The organization shall earmark the fund of Rs. 1 lakhs for the CSR. This Fund shall be
utilized over a period of 3 years.
Observations And Conclusions
A. WATER:
➢ The plant will have treatment consisting of physical, chemical, biological, conventional
filtration & tertiary treatment units with sludge handling facility
➢ Treated water will be used for horticulture & agricultural purpose to meet the ecofriendly
system.
B. AIR:
➢ Dust emission during construction & emission will be controlled, operation of DG set will
be there in case of failure of power.
C. LAND:
➢ The change in landuse pattern is not in conflict with any present and/or future use of the
land.
➢ The overburden and construction waste will be reused as early as possible in the
construction and for land filling during land-scaping of project site.
D. BIOLOGICAL:
➢ There are no notified ecological sensitive locations, migratory paths, sanctuaries etc.
within the study area.
➢ The proposed project does not envisage any destruction or displacement of any
endemic faunal species.
➢ Green belt/plantation will be developed around the CETP.
E. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY:
➢ As the operation of CETP involves handling and use of chemicals such as Lime, Ferrous
sulphate, Poly electrolyte, Urea, DAP etc. the safety of workers invites safety
considerations.
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CHAPTER 12
DISCLOSURE OF THE
CONSULTANT
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12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT
M/s Shivalik Solid Waste Management Limited (SSWML) has been appointed as Consultant to
carry out Environmental Impact Assessment study of the proposed CETP project of Ajrakhpur
Block Printing Cluster located at Village Ajrakhpur, Tehsil Bhuj, District Kutch, Gujarat.
Brief profile of SSWML is as below:
Table 12-1 Details of the Consultant Organization
Name of the
Consultancy
Company
M/s. Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd.
Address
Registered Office:
Village-Majra, P.O. Dabhota, Tehsil Nalagarh, Distt. Solan, Himachal
Pradesh – 174101 Phone/Telefax: 01795-260427, 260227
Zirakpur Office:
SCO 20-21, 2nd
Floor, Near Hotel Dolphin, Baltana, Zirakpur Punjab-
140604 Phone/Telefax: 01762–509496
E-mail Address infoshivalikeia@gmail.com
infosswmlmkt@gmail.com
Website www.sswml.net
Nature of
Services
Treatment, Storage & Disposal Facility, EIA Consultancy, Environmental,
Health & Safety Auditing, EMS, Environmental Monitoring & Laboratory
Analytical Services, Waste water Management, Energy Audit Greens
Concept Development, etc.
Shivalik Solid Waste Management Limited (SSWML), Nalagarh is offering high quality technical
services in the field of EIA, Environment, Health & Safety (EHS), and Environmental Monitoring &
Laboratory Analytical Services etc. SSWML is supported by distinguished professionals,
engineers, scientists etc. SSWML Professionals have excellent experience in executing EIA and
other environmental projects.
For Environmental Monitoring related work, we have our in-house laboratory approved by NABL.
Following experts are associated with SSWML for EIA and Environmental projects.
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Table 12-2 Key Personnel/FAEs (Functional Area Experts) Associated with the Study
S. No. Functional Areas Name of the
Expert/s
Involvement (Period & Task**)
1. AP*
(Air Pollution Monitoring,
Prevention & Control)
Ms. Daksha Gupta &
Muzaffar Ahmad
Quantification of Air pollution and
Assessment of Impacts.
Period of Involvement: May 2017 –till
date
2. WP* (Water Pollution
Monitoring, Prevention &
Control)
P.N.
Parameshwaran &
Mr Snehal R.
Lokhandwal.
Quantification of water pollution and
Assessment of Impacts.
Period of Involvement: May 2017 –till
date.
3. SHW* (Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management)
Ms. Daksha Gupta Quantification of Solid & Hazardous
Waste and Assessment of Impacts.
Period of Involvement: May 2017 –till
date
4. SE* (Socio-economics) Sayantani Chaterjee Collection and Compilation of Socio-
economic data. scenario and CSR
Plan.
Period of Involvement: May 2017 –
till date
5. EB* (Ecology & Biodiversity) S. Brahma & Shivani
Dutt.
Conducted primary survey work at
site, collected information about
flora and fauna from Forest dept and
checked.
Period of Involvement: May 2017 –till
date.
6. HG* (Hydrology, Ground
Water & Water Conservation)
Yamesh Sharma Provided guidance on Hydrology
aspects of the EIA Report.
7. GEO* (Geology) Subhash Chander
Sharma
Geology and geomorphologic
analysis based on secondary data.
8. SC* (Soil Conservation) BS Lole. Interpretation of baseline data of soil
analysis and its interpretation.
Preparation of draft report
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S. No. Functional Areas Name of the
Expert/s
Involvement (Period & Task**)
considering impact and mitigation
on Soil as per guidelines.
9. AQ* (Meteorology, Air
Quality Modeling &
Prediction)
Ms. Daksha Gupta Checking air quality data, evaluation
of results of Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring (AAQM), supervision of
air quality modeling and prediction,
identification of impacts, suggestion
and finalization of mitigation
measures.
Period of Involvement: May 2017 –
till date
10. NV* (Noise & Vibration) Vinay Kurakula Quantification of Noise & Vibration
and Assessment of Impacts.
Period of Involvement: May 2017 –till
date.
11. LU*(Land use) Vinay Kurakula Prepared Land Use Land Cover
Maps.
Period of Involvement: May 2017 –till
date
12. RH* (Risk Assessment &
Hazard Management)
Mr. Ashok Sharma Identification and Assessment of
Risk and Hazards.
Period of Involvement: May 2017 –till
date
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Table 12-3: Key Personnel/FAA(Functional Area Associate) Associated with the Study
S.
No.
Functional Areas Name of the
TM/FAA
Involvement
(Period & Task**)
1. AP*
(Air Pollution
Monitoring,
Prevention &
Control)
Vishal
Kalhapure
Assisted approved FAE Period of Involvement:
during study period Tasks: Assisted FAE Site
visit, checking air quality data, evaluation of
results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
(AAQM), and contribution to EIA documentation
& compilation of report.
2. WP* (Water
Pollution
Monitoring,
Prevention &
Control)
Dilbagh Singh
& Kashyap
Bhatt
Assisted approved FAE Period of Involvement:
during study period Assisted approved FAE,
Performance Evaluation of existing CETP,
Treatability Studies based on evaluation of
performance for the proposed treatment
scheme, selection of sampling locations for
surface and ground water sampling, evaluation
of water pollution control management,
identification of impacts, suggestion of mitigation
measures, contribution to EIA documentation.
3. SHW* (Solid and
Hazardous Waste
Management)
Dilbagh Singh
& Vishal
Kalhapure
Assisted approved FAE Period of Involvement:
during study period, Identification of solid and
Hazardous Wastes generated, designs for
temporary storage facilities for hazardous
wastes, mitigation measures for management of
hazardous waste, contribution to the EIA
documentation.
4. SC* (Soil
Conservation)
S. Brahma
(TM) & Sanjay
Sharma (TM)
Assisted approved FAE Period of Involvement:
during study period Interpretation of base line
data of soil analysis and its interpretation along
with field observation Preparation of draft report
considering impact and mitigation on Soil as per
guideline
5. NV* (Noise &
Vibration)
Niraj Kumari
Parihar
Assisted approved FAE Period of Involvement:
during study period, analysis of data,
identification of impacts and mitigation
measures, and contribution to EIA
documentation.
6. RH* (Risk
Assessment &
Hazrad
Management)
Kashyap Bhatt
& Baseem
Zafar
Assisted approved FAE Period of Involvement:
during study period Coordinating safety studies,
finalization of DMP, contribution to RA/DMP
Documentation and contribution to EIA
documentation.
7. AQ* (Meteorology,
Air Quality
Modeling &
Prediction)
Baseem Zafar Assisted approved FAE Period of Involvement:
during study period, checking air quality data,
evaluation of results of Ambient Air Quality
DRAFT EIA REPORT FOR PROJECT FOR PROPOSED C.E.T.P AT AJRAKHPUR BLOCK PRINTING CLUSTER
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S.
No.
Functional Areas Name of the
TM/FAA
Involvement
(Period & Task**)
Monitoring (AAQM), and contribution to EIA
documentation& compilation of report.
Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization/Authorized person
I, Ashok Sharma, hereby, confirm that above-mentioned experts prepared the draft EIA of CETP
Ajrakhpur Block Printing Cluster. I also confirm that the consultant organization shall be fully
accountable for any miss-leading information of above mentioned statement.
Signature:
Name: Ashok Kumar Sharma
Designation: CEO
Name of the EIA Consultant Organization: Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd.
NABET Certificate No NABET/EIA/1619/RA0040. & Issue Date: 28th
March 2017.
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