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Draft Design Guidelines to Accommodate Peds and Bikes at Interchanges
Meghan MitmanFehr & Peers
August 15, 2011
Background
Goals
Where does the Freeway end?
Leaving the Freeway, Entering a Neighborhood
Guiding Principles
On-Ramps
Dashed bike lane begins before on ramp lane; optional exit ramp
Dashed bike lane begins before on ramp lane; optional exit ramp Directional curb ramps
with truncated domes, high visibility striping provided for all crosswalks
Directional curb ramps with truncated domes, high visibility striping provided for all crosswalks
Landscape buffer provided between sidewalk and bike lanes, including on the structure as feasible
Landscape buffer provided between sidewalk and bike lanes, including on the structure as feasible
Crosswalk located in location with lowest speed and highest visibility
Crosswalk located in location with lowest speed and highest visibility
Ramp geometrics minimize speed for vehicles leaving the arterial
Ramp geometrics minimize speed for vehicles leaving the arterial
HOV Lane added downstream of crosswalk
HOV Lane added downstream of crosswalk
Bike weaving zone provided through long on-ramp
Bike weaving zone provided through long on-ramp
Advance yield limit line provided on dual lane crossing (advance stop bar if signalized). Bicyclists have option to use crosswalk (with ramps).
Advance yield limit line provided on dual lane crossing (advance stop bar if signalized). Bicyclists have option to use crosswalk (with ramps).
Raised (landscaped) buffer provided between bike lane and on-ramp lanes
Raised (landscaped) buffer provided between bike lane and on-ramp lanes
Off -Ramps
Ramp geometrics minimize speed for vehicles leaving the freeway. Ramp is stop controlled.
Ramp geometrics minimize speed for vehicles leaving the freeway. Ramp is stop controlled.
Optional bicycle exit ramp
Optional bicycle exit ramp
Bike lane crossing - detail
In this configuration, ramps should be signalized. Bicycle detection and optional ramps accommodate bikes at the crosswalk.
In this configuration, ramps should be signalized. Bicycle detection and optional ramps accommodate bikes at the crosswalk.
Advance yield limit line is provided across dual lane ramp. Advance stop bar if signalized.
Advance yield limit line is provided across dual lane ramp. Advance stop bar if signalized.
SPUIs
Source: FHWA 17-20
Solution: Two-step crossing (one step during vehicle phase 2 and the other Solution: Two-step crossing (one step during vehicle phase 2 and the other during vehicle phase 3)during vehicle phase 3)
Possible ped crosswalksVehicle phase 1Vehicle phase 2Vehicle phase 3
With most SPUIs there is never a phase when pedestrians can cross the urban With most SPUIs there is never a phase when pedestrians can cross the urban arterial without conflictarterial without conflict
Each stage is coordinated with the downstream signal in the same direction
Each stage is coordinated with the downstream signal in the same direction
Source: FHWA 17-22
Possible ped crosswalksVehicle phase 1Vehicle phase 2Vehicle phase 3
Peds with vehicle phase 2
Peds with vehicle phase 3
Skip Striping throughComplex Intersections
Advance crosswalk controlled with a signal or HAWK beacon
Advance crosswalk controlled with a signal or HAWK beacon
Determining Crosswalk Treatments
Note: Spreadsheet should supplement engineering judgment and should be used in conjunction with treatment fact sheets per NCHRP Report 562. Credit: Fehr & Peers, April 2008. Version 1.02
Design Assumptions
High Speeds, Poor Visibility
Prefer Slow Speed, Right Angle Urban Designs
Source: FHWA 17-32
Flat angle = wide crossing & high-speed turns
Tight angle = short crossing & slow speed turnsSpringfield ORSpringfield OR
Old ramp alignmentOld ramp alignment
Positive example: reconfigured ramp terminusPositive example: reconfigured ramp terminus
Source: FHWA 17-33
Red line = old crosswalkRed line = old crosswalk Green line = new crosswalkGreen line = new crosswalk
Springfield OR
Savings in Land Area, Less Ped “Dead Zone”
What you don’t see in this presentation…Right turn lane adjacent to shared right-thru
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