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Dr Munjurul Hannan Khan Ministry of Environment and Forests
Government of Bangladesh munjurulkhan@gmail.com
Paris, December 3, 2015
} One of the most climate vulnerable countries } Cost of climate change impacts is very high –
loss of 2% of GDP due to adverse impacts of climate change
} Additional cost due to impacts of SLCPs- specifically on health and agriculture
} Co-benefits of addressing SLCPs to reduce global warming along with other benefits in health and agriculture
Ø Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan 2009
v Both Adaptation and Mitigation including reduction of
SLCPs addressed
Ø Vision 2021, Sixth and Seventh Five-Year Plan, NSDS for
climate resilient development
Ø Bangladesh is a founding member of the CCAC
Ø Low Emissions Development Strategy (LEDS) under
preparation
Ø Collaboration with Global Alliance for Clean Cook stoves
(GACC)
SIX THEMATIC AREAS § Food security, social protection and health § Comprehensive disaster management § Infrastructure § Research & knowledge management § Mitigation & low carbon development § Capacity building & institutional strengthening
- 44 thematic programmes and 133 major activities
} Identify priorities and actions that Bangladesh can take – focussing on most likely successes to reduce SLCPs;
} Identify where the SLCP actions can be implemented by different existing programmes;
} Identify ways to overcome barriers; } Monitoring and evaluation activity of SLCPs by
the agency hosting the action planning
} Cook stoves: Black Carbon
} Rice parboiling systems: Black Carbon
} Brick kilns: Black Carbon
} Flooded irrigation in rice field: Methane
} Municipal waste deposits: Methane
} Livestock: Methane
} 30 million households and 1 million institutions, restaurants etc use traditional cook stoves
} Inefficient (thermal efficiency: 5% - 15%) and polluting environment (indoor air pollution and black carbon emission)
} 50,000 traditional rice parboiling units
} 8 million tons rice husk used as fuel
} Thermal efficiency: 15% - 30%
} Very high air pollution
} Very high black
carbon emission
} Improved rice parboiling systems developed
} Thermal efficiency: 50% } Fuel (rice husk) saving
over 50% } Black smoke not
visible } 42 improved plants in
use
} 7,000-8,000 brick kilns in Bangladesh
} Inefficient and huge air pollution
} Annually 200000 tons of coal used for brick production
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} Major cities are highly polluted despite major efforts to date. } PM most the significant problem pollutant, especially during
the winter season } Known sources of pollution: ◦ Older, smoke-emitting diesel buses and trucks ◦ Dense, congested traffic that is growing worst. ◦ Industrial emission sources including brick kilns (uncontrolled) ◦ Many area sources of open burning, dust and small industries
� The CASE project builds on the experiences and lessons of two past projects in Bangladesh, namely the Air Quality Management Project (AQMP), and the Dhaka Urban Transport Project (DUTP).
� The project will address air pollution abatement and improved mobility in Dhaka. Transport sector is also a major source of Air Pollution.
� CASE project integrates Environment and Transport to deliver “co-benefits”, as its intervention results in reducing health costs due to air pollution exposure and improving safe mobility while also lowering energy consumption and GHG emissions.
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Rajshahi Dhaka
Chittagong Barisal
Khulna
Sylhet
Gazipur
Dhaka: 03 Chittagong: 02 Narayangonj: 01 Gazipur: 01 Sylhet: 01 Rajshahi: 01 Khulna: 01
Narayangonj
Ø Improved brick kilns introduced in Bangladesh – Hybrid Hoffmann Kiln
– Vertical Shaft Kiln
– Zig Zag Kiln
– Tunnel Kiln
– Green bricks
Ø Efficient in energy use
Ø Significant less black carbon emission
Hybrid Hoffmann Kiln used in Bangladesh
Municipal Solid Waste
Ø Currently 600–1000 tonnes municipal waste produced daily
Ø Methane emission can be reduced by
proper waste management
q Aerobic fermentation (fertilizer ): good experience
q Anaerobic fermentation: methane & fertilizer production and use (no experience)
} National Action Plan (NAP) to reduce SLCPs
} Open burning control rules drafted
} Ambient Air Quality Standard under revision
} Environment Conservation Rules revised to
address SLCPs
} Private sector entrepreneurs development
and support program like Green Banking
} National efforts are encouraging to reduce SLCPs
} Global initiative like CCAC to reduce SLCPs is growing and high interest from states, IGOs and NGOs
} Developing and developed countries are moving ahead with actions in CCAC
} Opportunity exists for multilateral cooperation to remove barriers to reduce SLCPs to secure co-benefits
} Mitigate transboundary movement of SLCPs through regional actions to reduce SLCPs
} Regional actions are critical to address SLCPs effectively
} Science – Policy interface within institutional structure to
} Capacity building and knowledge management in SLCPs in Asia through collective actions
}
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