DNA Processes. Objectives Be able to explain the processes of DNA replication, transcription and...

DNA Processes

Objectives

• Be able to explain the processes of DNA replication, transcription and translation

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gG7uCskUOrA

Replication

• DNA makes an exact copy of itself1. Unzips– DNA polymerase unzips the DNA by breaking the

weak hydrogen bonds that hold nitrogen bases together

2. Nucleotides added– In the middle of the unzipped DNA new

nucleotides are added to each side

Replication

3. Two molecules of DNA are formed– Each has 1 original DNA

strand and 1 new strand (semi-conservative)

Practice and Explain

Genes to Proteins

• DNA contains all the genetic information for your body and every body cell has the same DNA

• Cells look differently because they use different parts of DNA (genes) to make different proteins

• List five different types of cells in your body and what you think they need to be able to do

Transcription

• Writing and sending the “script”– DNA can’t leave the nucleus, sends a message– DNA transcribes messengerRNA (remember T is

replaced with U)

• Transcribe this message into text talk.You are so smart. You make me smile. Laughter.

Transcription

Translation

• Changing the script to the language of proteins– mRNA travels to the ribosome– Ribosome “reads” the mRNA by using codons

(3RNA nucleotide that code for amino acids)– These codons match up with an anti-codon on a

transferRNA– Amino acids are assembled into proteins with

peptide bonds

Translation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2zAGAmTkZNY

Translation Bingo