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Direct Sugar to HydroCarbon RouteSynthesized Iso-Paraffins from Hydroprocessed Fermented Sugars
April 23, 2014 – ABLC ConferenceMoving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion
Fernando GarciaAmyris, Inc.Senior Director, Scientific and Regulatory Affairs garcia@amyris.com
Status of SIP Fuel Qualification DSHC route produces an Synthesized Iso-Paraffins (SIP) farnesane, for use in
conventional Jet A-1 fuel • An industrial process combining fermentation and hydroprocessing steps• A high purity iso-paraffin grade (farnesane) as a blending component for conventional jet fuel• The neat molecule meets compositional specifications of SPK alternative jet fuel
Blends of farnesane in conventional jet fuel up to 50% meet the requirements of Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons from ASTM D7566
• Farnesane improves specific performance of the blends such as the freezing point, the thermal stability and the net heat of combustion
Blends of farnesane in conventional jet fuel up to 20% meet the Fit-For-Purpose requirements described in ASTM D4054
Engines and aircraft were operated on blends at 10 and 20%• Data from engine and flight tests show no deviation between blend and baseline Jet A-1• Data from Honeywell APU and P&W combustor tests support proposed specifications
Balloting ASTM approval for the use of farnesane at 10% blend in conventional jet fuel• Research Report has been successfully balloted• Presently balloting new Annex to ASTM D7566
2 Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
Amyris - Total partnership since June 2010A specific partnership model to develop the value chain integrated from biomass to finished products
Bio-engineering of micro-organisms
R&D network
Synthetic biology
1st generation in Brazil on sugar cane
Leading to 2nd generation
Feedstock sourcing
Track record for strain improvement
Scale-up and industrial chemistry
Fermentation and chemical processes
Fuels Special fluids Lubricants Chemicals
Competitive molecules
Access to markets
Trading & marketing
BiomassFermentable raw materials
MoleculesCiHj
Products
Downstream ProcessingFermentationPre-treatment
Differentiating technology: broad R&D collaboration (~$100M) Lab-to-market development: joint industrialization & commercialization
Synergy: assemble complementary technology, industrial and business capabilities
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 20143
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Manufacturing process based on common industrial steps
Microbe-catalyzed conversion of sugar: key is the development of a farnesene producing yeast
Production to date: >4 million liters of farnesene precursor Farnesene plant with a capacity of up to 50 million liters per year at
target efficiency in Brotas, Brazil
FarnesaneFarnesene
Hydroprocessing
SugarFermentation
Downstream processing
Purification
Fermentation
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
• Combination of hydroprocessing and separation operations
• Production to date: ~2 million liters of farnesane for diesel application
• Using diesel process slightly modified, farnesane aviation grade production to date for ASTM test purposes: ~ 30,000 liters
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Testing Collaboration with Industry
SNECMA SaM146 engine test
Performances, cold and hot starts and sub-idle & off-idle tests data did not present significant deviation between 10% blend and Jet A-1
Lufthansa CFM56 engine test
The study concluded that in emission terms the farnesane blends perform similar to or better than the reference kerosene. In particle mass there is a clear reduction at all test points by increasing farnesane content. In performance terms, the farnesane blends perform similar to the reference kerosene.
Airbus experimental flights (A321 with CFM56-5B)
The engine, supplied with the 10% blend, performed exactly like the x-wing sister engine fed with pure Jet A-1
APU (Honeywell ) and Combustor tests (P&W) funding by DOT/FAA CLEEN)
Analysis of fuel droplet size, ignition characteristics with combustor rigs, and APU cold and altitude starting in test chamber.
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
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Commitment to Quality
Air Total • High-quality aviation fuels, under the most stringent Safety and Environmental standards• Complete range of services dedicated to aviation (technical inspections, refueling cards, etc.)
SIP Fuel Assays• 19 assays with 30 characteristics
• Only nine assays are common with commercial Jet A-1
• Qualifying labs that run GC farnesane purity
Process Quality Control Plan (QCP)
An end-to-end (Farnesene-to-Jet Grade Fane Delivery) QCP has been developed, reviewed with the Total Quality team and is currently being implemented at Brazil operations based on ‘guard banding’ the Product specs by 3*Sigma of assay variation
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
Safety Assessment
ISO 17025 Section 4: Management Requirements
Management & document control systems, NCR processes (including cause analysis, CAPA implementation and monitoring), training processes and records, internal/external audits
ISO 17025 Section 5: Technical Requirements
SQC documentation, analyst expertise, instrumentation, maintenance programs, calibration processes, data records, test report formats and review process, data control, OOC processes
Test Method Performance
Capability per ASTM Requirements: - Repeatability: based on replicate analysis- Reproducibility: based on inter-lab round robin assessment & SQC charts
Commitment to Quality: 3rd Party Lab Validation
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AMYRIS: garcia@amyris.com TOTAL: olivier.rolland@total.comAmyris and Total contacts
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April23, 2014
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