Direct Objects, Indirect Objects, Combination Pronouns, Prepositional Pronouns and Reflexive...

Direct Objects, Indirect Objects,Combination Pronouns, Prepositional Pronouns

and Reflexive Pronouns

A direct object is the object that

directly receives the action of

the verb.

The direct object answers the question “what?” or “who?” is receiving the action.

For example:

Bill has a pen.

Bill has what?

Bill has a pen.

Start with the action (the verb).

Who or what+verb = subject

S+V+ who or what = direct object

Paco has the pen.

A direct object may be a noun or a pronoun. Both are treated the

same in English but very differently in Spanish.

Paco has the pen. Paco tiene el bolígrafo.

Paco has it.Paco lo tiene.

Me(me)

Nos (Us)

Te(you-familiar)

____________

Lo, La(him, her, you-formal)

Los, Las(them, you-all-formal)

A indirect object is the person

that indirectly receives the

action of the verb.

The indirect object answers the question “to whom?” or “for whom?”the action is being done.

For example:

Bill gave the pen to Marta.

Bill le dio el bolígrafo a Marta.

Me (me)

Nos (Us)

Te (you-familiar)

____________

Le (him, her, you-formal)

Les (them, you-all-formal)

There are four different placements for Direct Object Pronouns:

1. If the pronoun is the object of a conjugated verb, then the D.O. pronoun is placed before the conjugated verb.

2. If it is an infinitive verb, then the D.O. pronoun is attached to the end of the infinitive verb.

There are four different placements for Direct Object Pronouns:

3. If the pronoun is the object of a affirmative command, then the pronoun is attached to the end of the command.

4. If the pronoun is the object of a negative command, then the pronoun is placed in front of the command.

When more than one object pronoun isused, use RID to remember the orderthat they will be used in.

For example:

Bill gave it to us.

Bill nos lo dio.

When both the direct and indirect object pronouns are used and both are frombox 3 or 5, then the indirect object pronoun changes to SE.

For example:

Bill gave it to her.

Bill se lo dio a ella.

Any pronoun following a preposition.

For example:

Bill gave the pen to her.

Bill le dio el bolígrafo a ella.

A prepositional pronoun is

any pronoun that follows

a preposition.

mí (me)

nosotros/as (Us)

ti (you-familiar)

____________

él, ella, usted (him, her, you-formal)

ellos, ellas, ustedes (them, you-all-formal)

The prepositional pronouns are the sameThe subject pronouns EXCEPT for mí andti.

mí nosotros

ti

él ellos

ella ellas

Ud. Uds.

There are two irregular prep. Pronouns tomemorize and watch for:

conmigo

contigo

After the prepositions entre, excepto, and según, yo and tú are used instead of míand ti.

por ejemplo….

Según yo, hoy hace calor.

A reflexive pronoun reflects that the same person doing the action is also receiving the action of the verb.

The reflexive pronoun reflects that the person doing the action is also receiving the action.

For example:

Bill is taking a shower.

Bill se ducha.

me (myself)

nos (ourselves)

te (yourself)

____________

se (himelf, herself, yourself-formal)

se (themselves, yourselves - plural)