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Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
The whole is equal to the sum of its parts.-Euclid
The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.-Max Wertheimer
The Whole is Not Equal to the Sum of Its Parts: An Approach to Teaching the Research Paper.
-by Mangum, Bryant
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
10.1 Detection of Discontinuities10.2 Edge Linking and Boundary Detection10.3 Thresholding10.4 Region-Based Segmentation10.5 Segmentation by Morphological Watersheds (x)10.6 The Use of Motion in Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
10.1 Detection of Discontinuities 56810.1.1 Point Detection 56910.1.2 Line Detection 57010.1.3 Edge Detection 572
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Point Detection
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Line Detection
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Edge Detection
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
10.2 Edge Linking and Boundary Detection 58510.2.1 Local Processing 58510.2.2 Global Processing via the Hough Transform 58710.2.3 Global Processing via Graph-Theoretic Techniques 591
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Local Processing
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Global Processing via the Hough Transform
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Global Processing via Graph-Theoretic Techniques
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
10.3 Thresholding 59510.3.1 Foundation 59510.3.2 The Role of Illumination 59610.3.3 Basic Global Thresholding 59810.3.4 Basic Adaptive Thresholding 60010.3.5 Optimal Global and Adaptive Thresholding 60210.3.6 Use of Boundary Characteristics for Histogram Improvementand Local Thresholding 60810.3.7 Thresholds Based on Several Variables 611
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Foundation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
The Role of Illumination
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Basic Global Thresholding
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Basic Adaptive Thresholding
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Optimal Global and Adaptive Thresholding
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Use of Boundary Characteristics for Histogram Improvementand Local Thresholding
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
10.4 Region-Based Segmentation 61210.4.1 Basic Formulation 61210.4.2 Region Growing 61310.4.3 Region Splitting and Merging 615
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Region Growing
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Region Splitting and Merging
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
10.5 Segmentation by Morphological Watersheds 61710.5.1 Basic Concepts 61710.5.2 Dam Construction 62010.5.3 Watershed Segmentation Algorithm 62210.5.4 The Use of Markers 624
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
10.6 The Use of Motion in Segmentation Stationary camera
Background modelingHuman tracking & extraction
Moving camera3D ReconstructionMoving target detecting
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed.www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
Chapter 10Image Segmentation
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