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Developing Dynamic Capabilities in the Technological Library Environme nt. Diana L.H.Chan The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Outline. The Technological Library Environment Framework of Dynamic Capability (1) Sensing the Environmental Challenges - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Developing Dynamic Capabilitiesin the Technological Library Environment
Diana L.H.ChanThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Outline
• The Technological Library Environment• Framework of Dynamic Capability (1) Sensing the Environmental Challenges (2) Realigning and Reconfiguring Library Resources (3) Implementing Human Resources Strategies• Implications for Academic Librarians
The Technological Library Environment
Google Effect
Digitization
Mobile Devices E-books
Social media
Cloud Computing
HKUST• Founded in 1991• No. 33, QS World University Rankings in 2012
No. 1, QS Asian Universities Rankings in 2012
4
Population Students: 12,000 ; 40% SENG, 36% SBM, 21% SSCI, 3%
H/SS U/G-64% ; P/G -36% Faculty : 500
5
HKUSTLibrary
• 12,000 sq.m. in 5 Levels• 90 Library Staff• 1.6 m visits & 2 m virtual visits
Extension in 2011 Information & Learning
Commons
6
Dynamic Capabilities
• A firm with dynamic capabilities is defined as its ability to– integrate, – build, – reconfigure competences to address rapidly changing environments
(Teece 1997, 2007, Winter 2002)
Dynamic Capabilities
• Libraries are urged to be dynamically capable, equipped with abilities that can: (1) sense environmental impacts, (2) realign and reconfigure their
resources, (3) implement effective strategies to
respond to these incoming threats
(1) Sensing the Environmental Challenges
• Ability to decode, assess and filter incoming environmental challenges of an organization and effectively communicate these threats with its internal senior management
(Teece 2007)
• The process includes scanning, searching, and exploring in technological and user spheres
(Nelson and Winter 1982)
•
Sensing the Environmental Challenges
• Systems infrastructure
• Mobile technologies
• Digital libraries• Open source
software
Systems
• Teaching pedagogies
• Education technology
• E-learning• Social media
Reference
• E-book technology
• PDA• Consortial
purchasing
Collection
• Smartcard development
• RFID• E-reader
circulation
Access Services
• Electronic rights management
• RDA• E-invoicing• COUNTER
statistics
Technical Services
HKUST Library - Sensing by 20 LibrariansHeads, Managers, Committees, Working Groups, Taskforce and Teams
E.G. 1 – Developing the Learning Commons
What
Emerging user demands
Design requirements
Latest developments at HKUST, HK, Asia,
World
HowListserv
RSS feeds
Newsletters
Meetings
Seminars
Conferences
Literature
Focus groups
User forums
Library visits
Outcome
E.G. 2 – Library Retreat 2012• Strategic Planning Redefining the Academic
Library Group discussion on all
strategic goals Action plans with timelines Measures of success Identified resources and
training implications
• Scenario Planning What Library has prepared
for double cohorts 20% and 30% scenario Identified services and
operations affected, e.g. seats, course reserve, noise, popular titles, study rooms..
Solutions, contingency plans
Outcomes from the Sensing Process• Discussions built consenus among
senior management team• Enables us to develop necessary
goals and legitimize strategies that realign and reconfigure our resources to better prepare for new challenges and changes
(2) Re-aligning and Re-configuring resources• A Dynamic Capable institution has
the ability to realign its limited resources in a dynamic world – from low demand areas– to higher priority areas– to tech-driven areas– In order to achieve maximum
effectiveness and efficiency in managment, operation and service provision
2012 Library Re-alignment
• Systems & Digital Services (16 staff)– Head and AUL – IT & Services Infrastructure Manager– Systems Librarians (2)– Learning Commons Manager– Archivist & Special Collections Manager– Library Technology Officers (3)– Senior Technicians , Technicians, EO, LAs (6)– Student programmers, interns, helpers
• Increasing importance on technological supports
• Re-configure resources to higher priority & tech-driven areas
HKUST LIBRARY ORGANIZATIONAL CHART2012
University Librarian
Systems & Digital Services
Cataloging
Acquisitions
Archives & Special Collections
Systems
Administration Office
Information & Learning Commons
20 August 2012
Technical Services Access Services
Building & Facilities Circulation
Reference
Collection Development
Media Resources
Document Supply Service
.
Reference & Collection Services
(3) Implementing Effective Human Resources Strategies• A dynamic capable organization
has the ability to execute the strategies, move the new “reformed” organization ahead into the implementation stage
• Maintain a transparent internal communication channel
• Redeployment• Collective learning
CUS Connection• A monthly informal meeting with 15 staff• Get connected, improve communication • Provide co-creation and participative management• Foster team spirit
DepartmentalWiki
18
Staff RedeploymentCombining Information& Reference Counter Combining Reserve &
Circulation Counter Manning IC & LCHelp Desk
Realigning staff to functions of increasing demandsTraining, coaching, meeting are indispensable
19A new Promotion Design Force PDFis formed to design posters
Collective Learning Mechanisms◦ Knowledge accumulation
Work routines that are stored as procedural memory and collective wisdom of an organization
Key management processes accumulated over time Experiential in nature learned through trial and error
◦ Knowledge articulation When experiential wisdom on the execution of particular tasks was
shared Through sharing and constructive discussions, collective learning
happened
◦ Knowledge codification Explicit knowledge of understandings of the performance
implications of internal routines Work manuals, guidelines, and patterns in the execution of a
complex task (Zollo and Winter 2002)
Cross Training
21
-14-week on Web2.0
- 50 staff joined
- 32 completed
- Given time at work to learn
- Some staff helped in Facebook page
Presentation Materials
SmartCATAn information pool for library tours
Digital ImagesMobile TechnologiesLearning Commons
Refresher & Training Sessions
Staff training and Refresher Sessions
Students using Facebook Group for communication, peer support and training signup
Implications for Academic Librarians
• adaptable• innovative• enthusiastic• forward-looking• open mind• concern about
profession and organization
21st Century Librarian
• Facility designer• LC manager• Media specialist• System technologist• Scholarly
communication advisor
• Life-long learner
New roles
References• The 2010 Campus Computing Survey. (2010)
http://www.campuscomputing.net/summary/2010-campus-computing-survey• Chan, D.L.H. (2012). Some thoughts for tomorrow’s academic libraries. International
Conference on Change and Challenge: Redefine the Future of Academic Libraries. Peking University, China. Nov 4-6, 2012.
• Chan, D.L.H., Soong, S.C. (2011). Strategic repositioning in a dynamic environment. Library Management, 32(1/2), 22-36.
• Huczynski, A.A. and Buchannan, D.A. (2007). Organizational Behaviour: an Introductory Text. 6th ed. Prentice Hall, Harlow
• Nelson R. and Winter, S. (1982). An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
• QS Asian Universities Rankings – Overall. (2012) http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/asian-university-rankings/2012• QS World University Rankings – Overall. (2012). http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2012?page=1• Schaffhauser, D. (2012, September 5). E-Textbook pilot grows to 25 schools even as U Minn
opts out. Campus Technology, http://campustechnology.com/Articles/2012/09/05/E-Textbook-Pilot-Grows-to-25-Schools-Even-as-U-Minn-Opts-Out.aspx?Page=1
References• Teece, D.J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of
sustainable enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319-1350.• Teece, D.J, Pisano, G. and Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management.
Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509-533.• University Leadership Council. (2011). Redefining the academic library managing the
migration to digital information services. http://www.educationadvisoryboard.com/pdf/23634-EAB-Redefining-the-Academic-Library.pdf
• Winter, S.G. (2002). Understanding dynamic capabilities, a working paper of the Reginald H. Jones Center WP 2002-05, the Wharton School University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, 2002.
• Zollo, M. and Winter, S.G. (2002). Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. Organization Science, 13(3), 339-351.
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