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Detecting lung and breast cancer. By Raven, Jenaya, Sharia, Isaac and Aman. X-Rays. A kind of high energy radiation which give off photons The photons are absorbed by the dense parts within the body. They turn white whereas softer parts turn darker. X-rays are produced by electrodes. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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DETECTIN
G LUNG AND
BREAST CANCER
B Y RA V E N , J
E N A Y A , SH A R I A
, IS A A C A
N D AM A N
X-RAYSA kind of high energy radiation which give
off photonsThe photons are absorbed by the dense
parts within the body. They turn white whereas softer parts turn darker.
X-rays are produced by electrodes.X-rays are used for detecting elements of
the body such as bones and tumours
MAMMOGRAPHYUsed to detect tumours or any other unusual lumps in the
breastsLow dose X-rays are passed through the breastsIf any strange lumps are found , further tests are carried out
to check whether the patient has breast cancer.
CT SCANAlso known as CAT scans (computerised axial tomography)The patient has to lie on a platform which slowly moves
through a hole in the CT machine.X-ray pictures are taken from many different angles of the body
and the machine forms a 3D image which makes it easier to see a tumour
THERMOGRAPHY • Sensitive to infrared radiation • Cancer cells divide quickly which means they give off more
heat • Tumours show up as warmer area which allows the tumour
to be seen easier • The warmer the are the more infrared radiation given off
ULTRASOUND• Uses sound waves to build up an image of body parts that
may contain tumours• Detects tumours in soft parts of the body e.g. Liver• Its portable and cheap
MRI – MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING• Patient lies inside a very large magnet• Machine measures the magnetic field in different parts of
the body• Computer builds up a three dimensional image• Very detailed image• Expensive• Not painful, can be uncomfortable as you must stay in the
same position for a long amount of time
PET SCAN• Stands for position emission tomography
Patient is injected with a radioactive substance
Substance breaks down and releases gamma rays
Gamma rays are detected
Gamma rays are used to build an image of the body
Most metabolically active parts give off more gamma rays.
• PET scanners are very expensive.• Metabolically active means that more
chemical reactions take place
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