Dental Education’s Role in Interprofessional Education...

Dental Education’s Role in Interprofessional Education (IPE)

Richard W. Valachovic D.M.D., M.P.H. ADEA President and CEO

2006      

•  Interviews of leaders from seven U.S. academic health centers

•  Conclusions •  Minimal formal IPE activities at dental institutions •  Insufficient communication between university and dental school leadership •  Designated person necessary for IPE success

2012

ADEA TEAM STUDY GROUP FINDINGS (2012)

86% Response Rate

Medicine and Nursing most frequent collaborators

Most collaborations were volunteer-type activities

Lack of formal assessment of IPE

Leadership was essential for initiating and sustaining programs

97% Response Rate

Conducted July 2014

Modified from an existing AAMC IPE Survey Instrument

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey

RESULTS

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey

58%  

32%  

10%  

0%   0%  0%  

10%  

20%  

30%  

40%  

50%  

60%  

70%  

Yes,  as  a  formal  university-­‐led  and  promoted  program.  

Yes,  not  as  a  formal  university  program.  

No,  but  in  planning/development  stage.  

No,  it  was  once  considered  but  not  implemented.  

No,  not  being  considered  at  this  Gme.  

Do You Offer IPE Experiences?

68%  

24%  

8%  

0%   0%  0%  

10%  

20%  

30%  

40%  

50%  

60%  

70%  

80%  

Yes,  as  a  formal  university-­‐led  and  promoted  program.  

Yes,  not  as  a  formal  university  program.  

No,  but  in  planning/development  stage.  

No,  it  was  once  considered  but  not  implemented.  

No,  not  being  considered  at  this  Gme.  

Public Dental Schools

Do You Offer IPE Experiences?

44%   44%  

12%  

0%   0%  0%  

5%  

10%  

15%  

20%  

25%  

30%  

35%  

40%  

45%  

50%  

Yes,  as  a  formal  university-­‐led  and  promoted  program.  

Yes,  not  as  a  formal  university  program.  

No,  but  in  planning/development  stage.  

No,  it  was  once  considered  but  not  implemented.  

No,  not  being  considered  at  this  Gme.  

Private Dental Schools Do You Offer IPE Experiences?

61%  

23%  

34%  

0%  

10%  

20%  

30%  

40%  

50%  

60%  

70%  

Required   ElecGve   Extracurricular  

IPE Program Type

32%  

11%  

7%  

16%  

35%  

0%  

5%  

10%  

15%  

20%  

25%  

30%  

35%  

40%  

An  interprofessional  curriculum  commiMee  

A  university-­‐based  office  

Provost/Chancellor  office  

Specific  college   Other  

Responsible Administrative Unit

Funding for IPE Activities

29%  

71%  

0%  

10%  

20%  

30%  

40%  

50%  

60%  

70%  

80%  

Yes   No  

All  Schools  

41%  

59%  

9%  

91%  

0%  

10%  

20%  

30%  

40%  

50%  

60%  

70%  

80%  

90%  

100%  

Yes   No  

Publics  vs.  Privates  

Publics   Privates  

32  34  

44  

38  

0  

5  

10  

15  

20  

25  

30  

35  

40  

45  

50  

D1   D2   D3   D4  

Dental Student Year of IPE Participation

0   5   10   15   20   25   30   35   40   45   50  

Osteopathic  Medicine  

Social  Work  

Public  Health  

Pharmacy  

Medicine  

Nursing  

Other Professional Schools Collaborating with Dentistry

0   5   10   15   20   25   30   35   40   45   50  

Standardized  paGent  exercise  

SimulaGon  exercise  

Shared  clinical  duGes  

Lecture  presentaGon  

Case-­‐based  discussion  

Community  service/service  learning  

Small  group  exercise  

Key IPE Experiences

0   10   20   30   40   50   60  

Substance  abuse  

NutriGon  

Biomedical  science  discipline  

PreventaGve  health  

Ethics  

PaGent  safety/error  reducGon  

Community  health  

Team  skills  

Roles/responsibiliGes  

IPE Experience Content Focus Areas

0   5   10   15   20   25   30   35  

OSCE  Oral  exam  

No  assessment  at  this  Gme  WriMen  exam  

Peer  assessment  Standardized  paGent  exercise  

SimulaGon  exercise  Surveys  

Group  project  Small  group  parGcipaGon  

ReflecGve  wriGng  

Assessing Students’ IPE Experiences

17  14  

11  

24  

0  

5  

10  

15  

20  

25  

30  

Yes,  provided  by  the  university  

Yes,  provided  by  the  dental  school  

Yes,  provided  by  another  

professional  school  

No  

IPE Faculty Development

0   5   10   15   20   25   30  

Lack  of  insGtuGonal  support  

Comparable  readiness  of  students  

Limited  parGcipaGon  from  other  professions  

Lack  of  classroom  space  

Funding  LimitaGons  

Academic  calendars  and  schedule  

Major Challenges to IPE

Conclusions

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey

90% of dental institutions offer IPE programming in their curriculum.

60% of those programs are mandatory.  

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey Conclusions

68% of dental schools had a formal designated IPE position or point person.

Majority of IPE content areas encompass the IPEC core competencies

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey Conclusions

Wide variety of collaborations between dental and other health professions

Management of IPE programs varies from centralized to diffuse

Implications

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey

Investment in faculty development is essential

More experiential opportunities for students are indicated

Assessment should move from qualitative to competencies

Leadership should address issues regarding logistics and funding

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey Implications

Examples

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey

Midwestern University College of Dental Medicine-Illinois

Type: Private Year Opened: 2011

Total Enrollment: 520

“Curricular Innovation”

Midwestern: “Curricular Innovation” DMD  –  Year  4 Grand  Rounds  

Dental  Medicine  Osteopathic  Medicine  Pharmacy  OccupaGonal  therapy

DMD  –  Year  3  

Head  and  Neck  Diagnosis-­‐    Dental  Medicine  and  OMM

DMD  –  Year  2  

Clinical  IntegraGon  Course

DMD  –  Year  1  

IPE  1-­‐Core  

IPE  2-­‐  HealthCare  CommunicaGons

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey

Type: Public Year Opened: 1967

Total Enrollment: 286

Medical University of South Carolina James B. Edwards College of Dental Medicine

“An Embedded Culture”

MUSC: “An Embedded Culture”

Early adopter of Interprofessional culture – celebrating nine years of “IPE Day.”

Transforming Healthcare for the Future: entry level foundational course for all health professional students. Mapped to the University’s Strategic Plan.

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey Exemplars

MUSC: “An Embedded Culture”

Cares Clinic: is a student-run, free evening medical clinic for underserved and uninsured patients in the Charleston area.  

IPE activities are a component of advancement across each level of promotion for faculty advancement and tenure.

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey

Type: Private Year Opened: 1896

Total Enrollment: 423

University of the Pacific School Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry

“Navigating the Distance”

Dugoni Pacific: “Navigating the Distance”

Prompted by new accreditation standards, UOP initiated the formation of the IPE Standing Committee (Dentistry/Hygiene, Pharmacy, Nursing, Medicine + Student member).

New programming will begin this Fall 2014 and be fully integrated over the next 1-2 years. •  Dental and Pharmacy Students: virtual classes and real time clinical experiences •  Medical Students will rotate with through the Dental specialty clinics.

•  5 week course in oral pathology has been dedicated for IPE didactic/simulation cases in preparation for clinical rotations with Pharmacy and Nursing.

Dugoni Pacific: “Navigating the Distance”

Dugoni  Pacific  

UOP  Pharmacy  

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey

Rutgers School of Dental Medicine

Type: Public Year Opened: 1956

Total Enrollment: 407

“A Climate for Collaboration”

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey Exemplars Rutgers: “A

Climate for Collaboration”

IPE Council meets monthly; redoing strategic plan to fit with IPE

University-wide IPE assessment survey: strength is faculty and student enthusiasm

Strong and committed leadership is critical to success

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey Exemplars Rutgers: “A

Climate for Collaboration”

With no budget, each school donated funds while faculty and students gave their free time

IPE Faculty practice is planned

Invitation from the School of Medicine to participate in case conferences and to co-create IPE cases

Strong and public commitment from leadership at all levels

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey Lessons

Develop working relationship with parent institution

Robust faculty engagement and development programming

Funding is beneficial but not essential

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey Lessons from Exemplars

Collaborate with other dental schools to share and develop best practices

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey Lessons

If you have a formal University-led program…

If you have various informal experiences…

Focus on assessment and publish results

Strengthen Leadership at University and Institutional levels

2014 ADEA Dental Institutions IPE Survey Lessons

•  Designate an IPE point person •  Consider your nearest health professional institution •  Pursue professional development opportunities •  “Start somewhere. Start small. Just start.”