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Definition of terms
Photography The art and science of reproducing image means of light
through some sensitized material with the aid of camera, lens and accessories and the chemical process required in order to produce a photograph
Forensic Derived from the latin word “forum” which means “a
market place” where people gathered for public discussion When used in conjunction with other sciences it connotes
a relationship to the administration of justice. It is sometimes used interchangeably with the word legal.
Police Photography The application of the principles of photography in
relation to the police work and in the administration of justice
Photograph The mechanical and chemical result of photography Picture and photograph are not the same. Picture is
a generic term which refers to all kinds of formed image while photoraph is an image that can only be a product of photography
Use of Photography
Personal Identification Considered to be the first application of photoraphy
in police work Alphonse Bertillion was the first police to utilize
photography in police work as a supplementary identification in the anthropometry system
Communication Photograph is considered to be one of the most
universal methods of communication considering that no other language can be known universally than photography
For Record Purposes Considered to be the utmost use of photography in police
work. Examples: General View
Taking an over all view of the scene of the crime Shows the direction and location of the crime scene
Medium View Taking of photograph of the scene of the crime by dividing it into
section Best view of the nature of the crime
Close-Up View Taking of individual photograph of the evidence at the scene of
the crime Designed to show the details of the crime
Extreme Close-Up View Commonly designed in laboratory photographing using
magnification
For Preservation Crime scene and other physical evidence requires
photograph for preservation purposes Crime scene cannot be retained as is for a long
period of time but through photograph the initial condition of the scene of the crime can be preserved properly
For Discovering and Proving Photography can extend human vision in discovering and
proving such as: Use of Magnification: Photomicrography
Taking a magnified photograph of small object through attaching a camera to the ocular of a compound microscope so as to show minute details of physical evidence
Photomacrography/ Macrophotography Taking a magnified (enlarged) photoraph of small object by
attaching an extended tube lens (macro lens) to the camera Microphotography
Process of reducing into small strips of film a scenario First used in film making
Telephotography Taking of a photograph of a far away object with telephoto lens
Use of artificial light such as x-ray, ultra-violet, infra-red rays to show something shich may not be visible to the human eye
For Court Exhibits Almost all evidence presented in court before
formally be accepted requires that they satisfy the basic requirements for admissability which is relevancy and competency.
Evidence presented and accepted in court is referred to as evidence Exhibit 1, 2, 3 – Defense Exhibit A, B, C – Prosecution
Crime Prevention With use of video camera (hidden camera) and
other advance phtographic equipment are being detected more easily and prevent it from occuring
Police Training Modern facilities are now being used as instructional
material Reproducing and Copying
Any number of reproduction of the evidence can be made giving unlimited opportunity for its examination and allow experts or other person to examine specimen without compromising the original
Essentials of Photography
Light Camera Lens Sensitized Material Chemical Process
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