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Deep-water Intrusions in the Puget Sound. Sally Warner Coastal & Estuarine Fluid Dynamics class Friday Harbor Labs Summer 2006. Project goals. Was an intrusion of dense ocean-water occurring during our 36-hour cruise? What processes were working to allow or prevent this intrusion?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Deep-water Intrusions in the Puget Sound
Sally WarnerCoastal & Estuarine Fluid Dynamics class
Friday Harbor LabsSummer 2006
Project goals
- Was an intrusion of dense ocean-water occurring during our 36-hour cruise?
- What processes were working to allow or prevent this intrusion?
Estuary dynamics
Fjord dynamics
Why are intrusions essential to fjords?
What happens in the Puget Sound?
What controls the onset of intrusions?
Intrusions
Puget Sound and Admiralty Inlet
depth
30.8 psu
The Intrusion
30.8 psu water intruding down the estuary side of the sill
Barotropic vs. Baroclinic Forcing
31.2
Advection distance of 31.2 psu water:3.89 and 4.03 km in 5.3 and 5.0 h.
Tidal current
time
ubaroclinic ≈Ladvection − uTdt
tn
tn+1
∫tn+1 −tn
=15 cm s-1
t1t0 t2
Barotropic excursion distance
Barotropic excursion lengths:0.95 and 1.60 km
ADCP velocity
ubaroclinic = 25 cm s-1
Baroclinic circulation is essential for the propagation of the intrusion
t3
ubarotropic = 27 cm s-1
Historical Data: sx vs. mixing
38 historical transects and our cruise
• “Bottom water renewal is controlled by changes in the intensity of mixing due to fortnightly variations in the tidal amplitude.” Geyer & Cannon (1982)
• “The onset of intrusions is a result of the fluctuations in the horizontal density gradient caused by salinity variations across the sill.” Cannon et. al. (1990)
Our cruise: slack = 14 h s = 1.5 psu, sx=0.03 psu km-
1
Conclusions
- Yes, an intrusion was occurring when we visited Admiralty Inlet
- Reduced tidal velocities allowed baroclinic circulation to develop which carried 30.8 psu water over the sill.
- Both the spring/neap change in tidal energy and variation in the horizontal salinity gradient are important mechanisms controlling intrusions of deep water into the Puget Sound, as seen from historical data.
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