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David Hambrick, BSN, RN, CGRN
GI Nursing Director
Dallas, TX
When Emergencies Arise in the GI Lab…Who you gonna
call?
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Objectives
1) Describe potential GI patient specific emergent situations
2) Describe adequate preparation and response techniques for GI patient-specific emergent situations
What Admin & patients think GI staff look like
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What we really feel like
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Emergencies in #MyGILab?
It’s more common than one would think
Emergencies are not confined to just the procedure room, often occur during off-unit procedures
Regardless of setting, emergencies can happen throughout the peri-procedural continuum
Occur in hospital & ASC based units
What is a GI Endoscopy Emergency? Definition depends on several factors…
Overall patient presentation Significant co-morbidities Intra-procedural complications Presence of Specialists incl Anesthesia
Also depends on: Who you ask (Internist, GI, Surgeon) Time of Day, Day of week, Discharge status Availability of physician, their clinic/office time
and/or a 0700 open room tomorrow morning
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Our Definition of Patient Emergency “An unexpected situation requiring an immediate
response in order to prevent or minimize undesirable patient complication or outcome” D Hambrick, 2015
Bleeding, Hypo/hyper tension Malignant hypertension (est 0.00001% GA cases)
Equipment malfunction Worsening patient condition despite intervention
May also include: Facility related issues (power loss, fire, etc) Staffing availability Internal/external disaster scenario 7
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Disclaimer time This presentation is to review unit preparation for
Emergencies, not clarification of the definition Each facility’s Medical Staff/GI Lab Committee has to
set up expectations for: Response time for emergencies Patient conditions requiring emergency
intervention Who responds to emergency procedures
(anesthesia) Quality/Performance metrics associated with
utilization of on-call/after hours atff
Most Common (Clinical) GI Emergencies
Acute Abdominal Pain
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Biliary Tract Obstruction
Hepatic Failure (Variceal Bleed)
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The GI Lab is Everywhere
Ideally, emergent procedures are handled in the GI Lab, M-F, 0700-1500, but…
Emergency Room
Intensive Care Unit
Operating Room
“The Floor”
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Leadership Responsibilities Scope of practice review to determine potential
emergent procedures
Staff competencies and practices must be reviewed to identify potential failure points
Coordination with ancillary Leadership and staff for expectations of emergency response Anesthesia, Radiology, ICU, ED, Periop, Lab, Blood
Bank, etc
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Okay, so what does that mean to us? All staff responding to GI emergencies must be
competent in the expected treatment modalities Different depending on practice settings ASC vs Community vs Academic
All staff performing a role in emergent GI procedures must be trained to standard/competency with regular re-validation or demonstration
All equipment required for scope of intervention must be available & servicable 24/7
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Standardize the Process All unscheduled/urgent/emergent procedures should be
handled the same way Starting with notification of the GI Lab staff, have one
way to do it, regardless of day, time, procedure Have a standardized report form, including
Pt ID (two identifiers, name DOB) Pt location Procedure to be performed Location of procedure (ICU, ED, GI Lab, etc) Expected time of procedure Other services needed (Anesthesia, blood bank, pathology, etc)
The Safest Way to Do Anything…
Benefits of standardizing the process:
Eliminate problems with mis-communication, direct calls to staff from physicians to nursing/tech staff
Education of physicians, Fellows, Nursing/Tech staff conducted, documented, part of Orientation
Ensures equipment, devices, etc are present and available for use
Ensures trained & competent staff present Process should go through Governance process, accepted by
GI Lab Committee to ensure compliance
Let’s Do It Right the First Time
Usual scenario:
It’s 0115 on Tuesday night, the GI Fellow calls the cell phone of GI Tech/Nurse on call:
“We need to do an EGD, patient is in the ED waiting on an ICU bed. GI bleed, need to do it ASAP, let the on call nurse & anesthesia know, thanks <click>”
What Could Possibly Go Wrong?
The GI staff now has to figure out: Name, location of patient, where the patient will be
when they arrive
What type of GI Bleed? Variceal? Foreign body damage? Hematemesis? Gastric? Rectal bleed but r/o upper GI cause? Post-surgical?
What equipment is needed?
Is anesthesia available? Have they been notified? Are they necessary?
Recipe for Disaster…
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The Staff tries to figure it out… So, they:
Call other on-call staff, give general patient info Go to hospital, grab everything based on personal
experience Spend 30 minutes tracking down where the patient is, find
out that Anesthesia wasn’t notified Go to patient location, start procedure, realize you don’t
have what is needed, case is delayed while running back to the GI Lab to find it
Meanwhile: The patient care is delayed Physician is frustrated Everybody gets yelled at the next morning
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Replay using Standardized Process
The physician notifies the hospital operator to page the on-call staff, creating a log entry to review in case of performance variances
On-call staff responds to page, calls physician to get patient and procedure information
Using standardized report format, receives all pertinent information including:
Pt ID (two identifiers, name & DOB) Pt location Procedure(s) to be performed & special equipment needed Location of procedure (ICU, ED, GI Lab, etc) Expected time of procedure Other services needed (Anesthesia, blood bank, pathology,
etc)
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Once the Team is on site…
All team members meet at the agreed upon procedure location
All requested or expected equipment is present
All ancillary staff is prepared per protocol Staff demonstrates competency in equipment and device set-up
and use
Procedure is performed, optimal patient care is delivered
Nobody is yelled at the next morning
Recognize the Need Recognize the Need Recognize the need
How to Standardize the Process
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How do we do that?
Present objective data to GI Governance team to demonstrate change is required to improve patient care, outcomes, physician, patient, staff satisfaction
Identify shortcomings in staff education and procedural competencies using:
Formal competency evaluations
Feedback from staff, physicians
Data elements from scheduling and procedure reporting
software
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Then what?
Develop standardized exectations for each role Use task specific training plans based on identified
shortcomings for all roles
Use standardized Best Practice training & processes to minimize staff performance variances
Using (unit experts, vendor clinical experts) train staff to competency, documenting competency in employee files
Establish feedback mechanisms between staff, physicians and leadership (GI Lab Committee) on improvement processes and outcomes
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Let’s wrap it up
There’s one standard of performance to competency regardless of time, location or duration or procedure
All team members are to be trained to competency and then required to perform to that standard
Variances in the process are identified, trended, and corrective action taken as required
Expecting untrained, incompetent staff to perform to standard is harmful to patient outcomes as well as staff and team development and cohesiveness
Questions?
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