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CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
04/21/23 © 2009 Keith A. Pray 1
Class 12Students Present
Keith A. Pray
Instructorsocialimps.keithpray.net
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 204/21/23
Overview
1. Students Present1. Jenn2. Bill3. Jared4. Ravi5. Pat6. Pragathi7. Steve8. Adam
If you expected to present and do not see your name here please see Avani right now.
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Body Scanners in Airports
What are they? Why use them? How will they be used? Ethical Implications
Jennifer Wunschel
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Body Scanners in AirportsWhat, Why, and How What:
Low intensity X-Rays Considered safe
Why: Prevents smuggling
How: Voluntarily Confidentially
Jennifer Wunschel
Jennifer Wunschel
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Body Scanners in AirportsIs this Ethical?
Ethical Deontological
Voluntary Consequentialist
Prevents dangerous attacks
Saves time Avoids offensive pat-
downs
Unethical Deontological
Invasion of privacy Consequentialist
Exposure of medical issues
Long term health effects
Not actually voluntary
Jennifer Wunschel
Jennifer Wunschel
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Christopher Calabrese said using the scanners in place of metal detectors "is unquestionably a step in the direction of having these machines be mandatory."
Jennifer Wunschel
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
7
Artificial Intelligence - Bill
1. Growth of Information technologies
2. Challenges
3. Risks and Rewards
4. Ethics of it all
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Growth of Information - Bill technologies Moore’s Law Video game AI
8
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Challenges - Bill
Vision recognition Pattern recognition
Learning curve
9
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Risks and Rewards - Bill
Terrorist attacks Movie scenarios
10
Planetary exploration medicine
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Ethics of it all - Bill
Sentient beings Consequentialism Utilitarianisum
11
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 1204/21/23
Computer Dependency
1. Poll
2. Statistics
3. Ethical Concerns
4. A Solution?
5. Questions
Jared Ingalls
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 1304/21/23
Computer Dependency: Poll
1. How many people in this room own a car?
2. How many own a computer?1. More than one?
3. How many own a cell phone?1. Do you use it every day?
Jared Ingalls
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 1404/21/23
Computer Dependency: StatsNearly every person indeveloped countriestoday owns a cell phone.
There is one cell phonesubscription for everytwo people in the world.
Source: www.itu.int/
Jared Ingalls
Global Internet Use 1997-2007
Global Cell Phone Use 1997-2007
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 1504/21/23
Computer Dependency: Ethics
Humans Positive
Adaptable Capable of thinking for
themselves Have instincts, feelings
Negative Can’t process or react as
fast as computers can
Jared Ingalls
Computers Positive
Repetitive tasks Do exactly what they’re
told
Negative Do exactly what they’re
told
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
What is the Solution?
Responsibility Computers are only as reliable as the people responsible
for them “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 1604/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 1704/21/23
Questions?
Jared Ingalls
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Recommendation SystemsRavi Singh
Overview
1. What are recommendation systems?
2. Where are they used?
3. The Netflix Contest
4. Concerns
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 1804/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Recommendation SystemsRavi Singh
Three approaches
1. Item Recommendation
2. Personalized Recommendation
3. Social Recommendation
Used in websites such as Amazon, Pandora, Netflix, etc.
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 1904/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Recommendation SystemsRavi Singh
Accuracy of predictions
1. Improves over time
2. Requires a lot of user data
Ongoing research in making these systems better. Ex. Netflix Contest
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 2004/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
$1 Million Netflix ContestRavi Singh
Challenge: Improve Netflix recommendation algorithm by 10%
Contest Rules: Share methods to the world describing how it is done
and why it works. Algorithm licensed to Netflix indefinitely.
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 2104/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Recommendation SystemsRavi Singh
Concerns
1. Data Leaks
2. Privacy
3. Accuracy of predictions
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 2204/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Recommendation SystemsRavi Singh
Questions?
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 2304/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
ReferencesRavi Singh "$1 million Netflix prize to be awarded soon - CNN.com." CNN.com - Breaking
News, U.S., World, Weather, Entertainment & Video News. 04 Oct. 2009 <http://www.cnn.com/2009/TECH/09/02/netflix.prize/>.
"Netflix Prize: Review Rules." Netflix Prize: Home. 04 Oct. 2009 <http://www.netflixprize.com/rules>.
Netflix: Rent as many movies as you want for only $8.99 a month! Free Trial. 04 Oct. 2009 <http://www.netflix.com/PrivacyPolicy>.
Ott, Katherine. "The Netflix Prize: How Mathematics Can Predict Movies You'll Love." Worceter Polytechnic Institute, Worcester. 23 Sept. 2009.
"UCI Machine Learning Repository: Netflix Prize Data Set." 04 Oct. 2009 <http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Netflix+Prize>.
"Vitaly Shmatikov." Department of Computer Science - The University of Texas at Austin. 04 Oct. 2009 <http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~shmat/abstracts.html>.
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 2404/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Self-Parking CarsPatrick Dignan
Prius Lexus LS 460 L BMW 7 Series
© 2009 Patrick Dignan 2504/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
How It WorksPatrick Dignan
Driver defines lines for parking area Sensors find car location in relation to parking
area Car steers itself in
© 2009 Patrick Dignan 2604/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
How It Works (cont’d)Patrick Dignan
BMW video: http://paultan.org/2006/07/12/bmw-demos-a-self-parking-bmw-730i/
Prius video: http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3085477229043932685&ei=5ILKSqeyNobalQf5hMDqBg&q=prius+ipas&hl=en&dur=1#
© 2009 Patrick Dignan 2704/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
What it Can ImprovePatrick Dignan
Close-fit parallel parking situations Small garages Taking up multiple spots
© 2009 Patrick Dignan 2804/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
IssuesPatrick Dignan
IPAS/APGS can’t detect objects Every program has bugs BMW needs set markers in the parking spot Hitting people Causing accidents
© 2009 Patrick Dignan 2904/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
AI in GamesPragathi Balasubramanian
What does it involve? Early AI Games Recent AI Games What are its ethical implications? What are its future implications?
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 3004/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
What does it involve?Pragathi Balasubramanian
Making computers perform tasks that we (humans) normally do – human intelligence
‘Game AI’ – decision making capabilities of computer controlled agents
Better Quality AI = Better Game
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 3104/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Early AI GamesPragathi Balasubramanian
1950’s : Chess & Checkers 1996 : IBM Deep Blue
Defeated by world champion Garry Kasparov (4 wins, 2 losses)
1997 : IBM “Deeper” Blue Defeated Garry Kasparov (3 ½ to 2 ½)
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 3204/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Recent AI GamesPragathi Balasubramanian
The Sims Life – simulation of a “virtual family”
Halo First person shooting game
Left 4 Dead First person shooting game AI technique “The Director”
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 3304/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
What are its ethical implications?Pragathi Balasubramanian
Consequentialist/Luddite Better AI games simulate real life, people might like it
more than real life The Sims – practice with real life situation
Utilitarian No direct benefit
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 3404/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
What are its future implications?Pragathi Balasubramanian
Technological Singularity & Pattern Recognition Kasparov lost against Deep Blue Successful use in AI Game, could mean implementation
in real life scenarios
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 3504/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Wireless SecurityStephen Franceschelli
How Wireless Works Why it’s generally unsafe Ethics of wireless networks
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 3604/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
How Wireless WorksStephen Franceschelli
Packets Similar to network packets Anyone can intercept
Clients listen for packets meant for them WEP, WPA
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 3704/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Why it’s generally unsafeStephen Franceschelli
WEP is easily brute forced WPA is a bit harder but can still be done MAC address spoofing
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 3804/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Ethics of wireless networksStephen Franceschelli
Insecure networks Secure networks Risk involved in having a wireless network
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 3904/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 4004/21/23
GPGPU-Overview
1. What is GPGPU?
2. How does GPGPU work?
3. Why is it so cool?
4. What is the future of GPGPU?
5. Questions
Adam Panzica
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
What is GPGPU?
GPGPU stands for “General Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units”[1]
GPGPU allows non-graphics related processing to be handled by a GPU[2]
Two primary offerings[3]
CUDA from nVidia Stream from AMD/ATI
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 4104/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
How does GPGPU work?
GPU’s are capable of managing thousands of threads simultaneously[4]
High end GPU’s have 240+ cores[5]
Massive Parallel Processing Power[6]
Extremely constrained by SIMD model for divergent tasks [7][8]
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 4204/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Why is GPGPU cool?
Can be used in videogames for physics calculations
nVidia’s PhysX is GPGPU acceleratable [10]
AMD/ATI and Intel are working to make Havok GPGPU acceleratable [11]
Large performance increase per detail level with dedicated PhsyX [12}
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 4304/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
Why is GPGPU cool?
Other consumer applications of GPGPU include Photoshop CS4 Badaboom (video encoder) MATLAB
Scientific applications of GPGPU include Physics simulators Biological Protein Simulation (Fold@Home and similar) Astrophysic simulations GPGPU supercomputing
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 4404/21/23
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
The Future of GPGPU: Fermi
nVidia’s next GPU architecture is called Fermi
16 SMP’s * 32 cores =512 cores Each core handles 2 threads,
giving a total of 1,024 active and 24,756 total threads [13]
Natively supports C, C++, Java and Fortran
Double-precision performance approaching 800 GFLOPS [14]
Power Consumption: ~200W
© 2009 Keith A. Pray 4504/21/23
Fermi SMP block diagram. There are 16 of them per GPU
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r17UOMZJbGs
CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
References
[1][2][3][11] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPGPU , accessed 10/07/09 [4][5][6][10] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUDA , accessed on 10/07/09 [7] http://www.anandtech.com/video/showdoc.aspx?i=2870&p=6 , accessed
on 10/07/09 [8]
http://www.nvidia.com/content/PDF/fermi_white_papers/NVIDIA_Fermi_Compute_Architecture_Whitepaper.pdf, accessed on 10/07/09
[12] http://www.guru3d.com/article/physx-by-nvidia-review/ , accessed on 10/07/09
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenCL /, accessed on 10/07/09 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DirectCompute /, accessed on 10/07/09 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIMD /, accessed on 10/07/09
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CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing
04/21/23 © 2009 Keith A. Pray 47
Class 12 The End
Keith A. Pray
Instructorsocialimps.keithpray.net
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