Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com Essential Question Can you...

Essential Question

Can you explain which of the electrons in an atom, if any, possess the most importance, and why?

Make This Table

ELEMENTNAME

OUTER LEVEL ELECTRONS

Can You Figure it Out?

Build HYDROGEN with M&Ms

How many OUTER LEVEL electronsdoes it have?

Build HYDROGEN with M&Ms

How many OUTER LEVEL electronsdoes it have?

Put your answer in your remote

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

1OuterLevel

Electron

1OuterLevel

Electron

Solution

HYDROGEN has 1 OUTER LEVEL ELECTRON.

ELEMENTNAME

HYDROGEN 1

Build HELIUM with M&MsHow many OUTER LEVEL electrons does it have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

Solution

HELIUM has 2 OUTER LEVEL ELECTRONS.

ELEMENTNAME

HYDROGEN 1

HELIUM 2

Build LITHIUM with M&MsHow many OUTER LEVEL electrons does it have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

1OuterLevel

Electron

1OuterLevel

Electron

Solution

LITHIUM has 1 OUTER LEVELELECTRON.

ELEMENTNAME

HYDROGEN 1

HELIUM 2

LITHIUM 1

Build BERYLLIUM with M&Ms

How many OUTER LEVEL electrons does it have?

Build BERYLLIUM with M&Ms

How many OUTER LEVEL electrons does it have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

Solution

BERYLLIUM has 2 OUTER LEVELELECTRONS.

ELEMENTNAME

HYDROGEN 1

HELIUM 2

LITHIUM 1

BERYLLIUM 2

Build BORON with M&MsHow many OUTER LEVEL

electrons does it have?

Build BORON with M&MsHow many OUTER LEVEL

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

3OuterLevel

Electrons

3OuterLevel

Electrons

Solution

BORON has 3 OUTER LEVELELECTRONS.

ELEMENTNAME

HYDROGEN 1

HELIUM 2

LITHIUM 1

BERYLLIUM 2

BORON 3

Build CARBON with M&MsHow many OUTER LEVEL

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

4OuterLevel

Electrons

4OuterLevel

Electrons

Solution

CARBON has 4 OUTER LEVELELECTRONS.

ELEMENTNAME

HYDROGEN 1

HELIUM 2

LITHIUM 1

BERYLLIUM 2

BORON 3

CARBON 4

Build FLUORINE with M&MsHow many OUTER LEVEL

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

7OuterLevel

Electrons

7OuterLevel

Electrons

Solution

FLUORINE has 7 OUTER LEVELELECTRONS.

ELEMENTNAME

HYDROGEN 1

HELIUM 2

LITHIUM 1

BERYLLIUM 2

BORON 3

CARBON 4

FLUORINE 7

Build NITROGEN with M&MsHow many OUTER LEVEL

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

5OuterLevel

Electrons

5OuterLevel

Electrons

Solution

NITROGEN has 5 OUTER LEVELELECTRONS.

ELEMENTNAME

HYDROGEN 1

HELIUM 2

LITHIUM 1

BERYLLIUM 2

BORON 3

CARBON 4

NITROGEN 5

FLUORINE 7

Build NEON with M&MsHow many OUTER LEVEL

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

8OuterLevel

Electrons

8OuterLevel

Electrons

Solution

NEON has 8 OUTER LEVELELECTRONS.

ELEMENTNAME

HYDROGEN 1

HELIUM 2

LITHIUM 1

BERYLLIUM 2

BORON 3

CARBON 4

NITROGEN 5

FLUORINE 7

NEON 8

Build OXYGEN with M&MsHow many OUTER LEVEL

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

6OuterLevel

Electrons

6OuterLevel

Electrons

Solution

OXYGEN has 6 OUTER LEVELELECTRONS.

ELEMENTNAME

HYDROGEN 1

HELIUM 2

LITHIUM 1

BERYLLIUM 2

BORON 3

CARBON 4

NITROGEN 5

OXYGEN 6

FLUORINE 7

NEON 8

Did You Catch the Pattern?

How many OUTER LEVEL ELECTRONS does SODIUM have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

1OuterLevel

Electron

1OuterLevel

Electron

How many OUTER LEVEL ELECTRONS does Magnesium have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

How many OUTER LEVEL ELECTRONS does Phosphorus have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

5OuterLevel

Electrons

5OuterLevel

Electrons

How many OUTER LEVEL ELECTRONS does CHLORINE have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

7OuterLevel

Electrons

7OuterLevel

Electrons

How many OUTER LEVEL ELECTRONS does ALUMINUM have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

3OuterLevel

Electrons

3OuterLevel

Electrons

How many OUTER LEVEL ELECTRONS does ARGON have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

8OuterLevel

Electrons

8OuterLevel

Electrons

How many OUTER LEVEL ELECTRONS does SULFUR have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

6OuterLevel

Electrons

6OuterLevel

Electrons

How many OUTER LEVEL ELECTRONS does SILICON have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

4OuterLevel

Electrons

4OuterLevel

Electrons

What’s the Word?What’s the Word?

• Electrons that exist on Electrons that exist on the outer level of the the outer level of the atom.atom.

V A L E N C EV A L E N C EE L E C T R O N SE L E C T R O N S

PLAY ‘A IS FOR ATOM’ VIDEO AT 3:00 MIN

VALENCE ELECTRONSVALENCE ELECTRONS

• The electrons that exist on The electrons that exist on the the outer level outer level of the atom.of the atom.

• They are the only electrons They are the only electrons that are important when that are important when atoms bondatoms bond..

• The The tabletable reflects the reflects the patternpattern of valence electronsof valence electrons

Jump to Lewis DotJump to Lewis Dot

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Potassium have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

1OuterLevel

Electron

1OuterLevel

Electron

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does CALCIUM have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Scandium have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Titanium have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Chromium have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

1OuterLevel

Electrons

1OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Iron have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Copper have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

1OuterLevel

Electrons

1OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Zinc have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Selenium have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

6OuterLevel

Electrons

6OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Germanium have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

4OuterLevel

Electrons

4OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Krypton have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

8OuterLevel

Electrons

8OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does BROMINE have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

7OuterLevel

Electrons

7OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Strontium have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

2OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Tin have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

4OuterLevel

Electrons

4OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Iodine have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

7OuterLevel

Electrons

7OuterLevel

Electrons

How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Xenon have?

■ Protons

■ Neutrons

■ Electrons

8OuterLevel

Electrons

8OuterLevel

Electrons

Lewis Dot Diagrams

We show how many valence electrons an element has with a Lewis Dot Diagram.

LiLi BeBe BB

LEWIS DOT DIAGRAMS = VALENCE LEWIS DOT DIAGRAMS = VALENCE ELECTRONSELECTRONS

PERIODIC TRENDSPERIODIC TRENDS

CUTCUTFO

CUTCUT

VALENCE ELECTRONSVALENCE ELECTRONSLewis Dot DiagramsLewis Dot Diagrams

C N O F Ne

Si P S Cl Ar

Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

In Sn Sb Te I Xe

Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn

d Cloud Levelsd Cloud Levels

VALENCE ELECTRONSVALENCE ELECTRONSLewis Dot DiagramsLewis Dot DiagramsTRANSITION METALSTRANSITION METALS

Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn

Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd

La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg

1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d85s2

1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d105s0

TRENDS OF THE TABLELewis Dot Diagram = Valence Electrons

BB CC NN OO FF

AlAl SiSi PP SS ClCl ArAr

HeHeHH

TiTiScSc VV MnMn FeFe CoCo NiNiCrCr CuCu ZnZn GaGa GeGe AsAs SeSe BrBr

InIn SnSn SbSb TeTe II XeXe

TlTl PbPb BiBi PoPo AtAt RnRnPtPt AuAu

ZrZrYY NbNb TcTcMoMo RuRu RhRh PdPd AgAg CdCd

TaTaHfHf WW OsOsReRe IrIr HgHgLaLa

LESSON SUMMARYLESSON SUMMARY

Identify the Idea.Identify the Idea.The concept we learned in chemistry today The concept we learned in chemistry today was __________, which is…was __________, which is…

Give a example of the idea.Give a example of the idea.For instance, _____ is a good example of For instance, _____ is a good example of conceptconcept is is exampleexample because… because…

Explain additional details of your example.Explain additional details of your example.Furthermore, Furthermore, exampleexample shows shows details details because it demonstrates…because it demonstrates…

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