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Conductors and insulators
When it comes to the flow of electric current, all materials fall into three categories:
When it comes to the flow of electric current, all materials fall into three categories:
•insulators
When it comes to the flow of electric current, all materials fall into three categories:
•insulators
•conductors
When it comes to the flow of electric current, all materials fall into three categories:
•insulators
•conductors
•resistors
Insulator –Any material that does not allow electric current to pass through it
•plastic
•rubber
•glass
•like the protective coating on wires
Insulator –Any material that does not allow electric current to pass through it
•plastic
•cloth
•wood
•like the protective coating on wires
Insulator –Any material that does not allow electric current to pass through it
•plastic
•rubber
•glass
•cloth
•wood
•like the protective coating on wires
Insulator –Any material that does not allow electric current to pass through it
•plastic
•rubber
•glass
•cloth
•wood
•like the protective coating on wires
Insulator –Any material that does not allow electric current to pass through it
•plastic
•rubber
•glass
•cloth
•wood
•like the protective coating on wires
Insulator –Any material that does not allow electric current to pass through it
•plastic
•rubber
•glass
•cloth
•wood
•like the protective coating on wires
Insulators like plastic and rubber are used as a covering for electric wires.
This makes electric wires safer to handle because the insulator protects you from the current.
Conductor –
insulator conductor
Any material that allows electric current to pass through it
Conductor –
•copper
insulator conductor
Any material that allows electric current to pass through it
Conductor –
•copper
•aluminum
insulator conductor
Any material that allows electric current to pass through it
Conductor –
•copper
•aluminum
•steel
insulator conductor
Any material that allows electric current to pass through it
Conductor –
•copper
•aluminum
•steel
•any metal
insulator conductor
Any material that allows electric current to pass through it
Conductive material (metal) is used for wires that will carry electricity.
insulator
conductor
A material or a device that allows some current to pass but converts some of the current to another form of energy.
Resistor
Light energy
Motion energy
Heat energy
Sound energy
into light energy
Motion energy
eat energySound
energy
These appliances have resistors that convert electrical energy into
light energy.
Light energy
Heat energy
Sound energy
These appliances have resistors that turn electrical energy into
motion energy.
Motion energy
Heat energy
Sound energy
These appliances have resistors that change electrical energy into
heat energy.
These appliances have resistors that convert electrical energy into
sound energy.
Useful electric current can only move through a path of conductive material.
Useful electric current can only move through a path of conductive material.
This path is called a …..
CircuitA path for electric current
An electric circuit might be open or closed.
Closed CircuitAn unbroken path for electric current (no gaps, current can flow).
The light is on
Open CircuitA path for electric current that has a gap (no current can flow).
gap
The light is off
Most electrical devices have a switch in the circuit to make it easy to close (turn on) and open (turn off) the circuit.
Switch A tool to open and close a circuit
switch
A circuit can also be opened and closed by touching two wires together.
Open circuit Closed circuitNo current can flow current can flow
A circuit can also be closed by touching those two wires to a conductor.
ed circuitcurrent can flow
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