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Comprehensive Land Management in Support of Territorial Planning and Development
Univ.Prof. EoE Dr.- Ing. Holger Magel
FIG Honorary President
Founding Director TUM Master Programme Land Management
Institute of Geodesy, GIS and Land Management ,TU Munich (TUM)
Member of Advisory Board for Territorial Development of Bavarian Government
Member of the Commission of Enquiry “Equivalent Living Conditions all over Bavaria” of Bavarian Parliament
Spokesman of German Alliance of Academies for Rural Areas
Keynote 2015 Land and Real Estate Summit Forum 9 -10 May 2015
Renmin University (RUC) , Beijing
www.landentwicklung-muenchen.dewww.akademie-bayern.de
„I have a dream…..“
President Xi Jinpings chinese dream on the great national renaissance : „Blue sky, green meadows and clean water for future generations“ (see his book „Ruling China“)
Xi Jinping in terms of territorial development: „As long as rural areas,especially their poor parts lag behind the rest of the country so long we can not talk about having reached a society with modest wealth“ (see his book „Ruling China“)
Univ. Prof. EoE Holger Magel 3
European and German Dreams /Goals on balanced territorial development Source:German Federal Office of Building and Regional Planning (BBR)
In Germany it`s already a Law!!!!
German Federal Spatial Planning Act
Section 1 Task and Overall Concept of Spatial Planning
(2) The overall concept of the task laid down in subsection 1 is that of a sustainable spatial development which will bring the social and economic demands made on an area in line with its ecological functions and result in a stable order which will be well-balanced on a large scale with equivalent living conditions in all regions.
Growth and Innovation Ensuring basic public services and infrastructure
Conservation of Resources, Shaping of Cultural Landscapes
Overall Concepts of spatial planning and territorial development in Germany
Source: BBR Bonn, 2005
Population dynamics in Germany 2010 -2013 1990-2010
But that is the reality: increasing gap between north and south
Future Chances of German Regions : mainly rural and former DDR regions face huge problems
Source : Prognos AG, Future Map 2013
Competitive and Sustainable Developmentthrough
Territorial Justice
Equality of opportunities and inter-generation justice
Engagement, Qualification,Participation,
Inclusive citizenship
Procedural JusticeEquality of rights,
Good Governance,Citizen as co-producer,
State as warrantor and enabler
Disparity-sensible
Distribution JusticeFairness of needs
Fairness of performance
Triangle of Territorial Justice © Prof. Magel 2015 based on J. Rawls, A. Sen, M. Schneider
loc
al
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gio
nal
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lob
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ture
Discussion within the Commission of Enquiry „Equivalent Living Conditions all over Bavaria“ about „Territorial Justice“ as new Vision for a just society :Huge challenge also for science and research in terms of finding applicable criteria
Living in community (welfare)
Living in environment(sustainability)
Education Supplying
Employment Recreation
Housing Traffic Communication
One but not only the sole Criterion: Ubiquitious basic functions of human existence and
living conditions
Source: Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning (BBR):Spatial Development and spatial Planning in Germany.
a shared responsibility according to laws
Indispensable Precondition in Germany : functioning hierarchical Spatial and Local (Land use) Planning
System -
OECD does not mention territorial/spatial planning or rural policies. Whats about „balance rural and urban development“? (see Nr.1 Central Document)
New model of urbanisation – at cost of or benificial for rural areas?
China’s 2014 State Policy on Rural Development and the Agriculture Industry: Investment Implications 27.5. China Briefing
Univ. Prof. EoE Holger Magel 15
China decided to adopt theory of central places (Walter Christaller)
Balanced Development in China by a new Spatial Planning System ?
How does new urbanisation in China follow principles of Spatial Planning and Development and the need of strengthening rural
areas ?
Lessons learnt…
Everywhere we need powerful Territorial Planning System and Hierarchy based on Visions, overall concepts ,goals,objectives and measures to ensure balance of urban and rural development and to reach as much as possible everywhere equivalent living conditions!See for this e.g. the consecutively developped three Territorial Agendas in Europe!
It`s always about
People
Places
Politics
It`s all about Land (Management)
PENTAPHONIE( 5 tasks) of Land Management
© Magel 2010
Valuation, Planning Approval Construction and Financing
Ensure equivalent living conditions in all
regions
Surveying,Mapping Planning Networking Coordination Process controll
Readjustment Conflict Resolution Cadaster and Registry
Information, Active Consulting and Motivation
Land Management is an important partner and supporter of Territorial, Regional and Local (Land Use) Planning
and Development
Why?
Because it realizes the goals of territorial development by a broad range of (shared) responsibilities , theories, methods, instruments,
and measures like
land policy, land reform,land tenure rights (tenure security) , cadaster, registry, SDI, land administration ,urban and rural planning and development ,urban and village renewal, urban land readjustment and land consolidation , land conflict resolution , valuation , land markets, land governance , transparent process of
expropriation and fair compensation, environmental risk awareness and preparedness etc.
Source: Magel, Klaus and Espinoza 2009 based on Stig Enemark “Land in Society”- Hierarchy of Land issues 2009
The Munich Model of Land Management
Univ. Prof. EoE Holger Magel 21
The whole is more than the sum of the parts.We need to understand the land sector as a system ,but not as separated or independant components
Services toPublic, Business
& Citizens
Services toPublic, Business
& Citizens
Country ContextInstitutional Arrangements
like Spatial Planning Framework, NSDICapacity Building
Education & Research
Country ContextInstitutional Arrangements
like Spatial Planning Framework, NSDICapacity Building
Education & Research
FulfillingTerritorial Justice and SDG
Enhancing balanced development and Quality of Life in urban and rural areas
FulfillingTerritorial Justice and SDG
Enhancing balanced development and Quality of Life in urban and rural areas
Land PolicyGood Land
Governance
Land PolicyGood Land
Governance
Spatially Enabled participativeSustainable Land Management
Land Tenure, Land Administration, Land Valuation, Land Markets, Land Use, Land Development,
Land Arrangement
© Prof. Magel 2015 based on Expert Group Meeting 9 – 11 November 2005 at the University of Melbourne
Comprehensive Land Management 2015
Dyn
amic L
an
d M
anag
em
ent (L
M)
Dynamic Part of Land ManagementPolicies, goals and fields of action to ensure equality in all regions through efficient advicing, planning,
networking, coordination and implementation of all measures and instruments with reference to access, mobilising (selling,buying) , use , restriction and change of tenure, allocation , distribution and development of land
for housing, ecological, economic, cultural, social and other purposes in urban and rural areasby means of e.g.
The German Comprehensive Land Management System gives answers to contributing to balanced rural and urban development
Participative
Spatial and Land Use
Planning
Landbanking
(Landpooling)
Controlling Monitoring
and Securing (incl. Risk
Management)
Planning Approval,
Construction , Financing
Urban and Rural Land Readjustment Reconciliation of individual legal rights with
objective planning goals
Application of different programmes and techniques of support (e.g. urban and rural development programmes,) LIS,GIS,surveying,mapping, land valuation, taxation, land transactions, credit system, governance etc.
Land Administration (with renewed Cadastre and Land Register); if necessary Evaluation New (rearranged) tenure, allocation, distribution, use and documentation of land and land ownership
Stat.L
M
Static part of Landmanagement: Land Administration with georeferenced Cadastre and Land RegisterExisting land tenure, distribution, use , restrictions and documentation of land and land ownership as well as
overall concept and regulations for its sustainable use in conformity with the relevant concrete plan in urban and rural areas
Static L
M
L a n d P o l i c y (LP) overall concept and basic conditions of land related action
as well as the initiation of corresponding measures by public authorities based on Art. 14 German Constitution and § 903 German Civil Code and special laws (substance and limits)
H. Magel, 2005/2015
Comprehensive Land Management in german scientific geodetic education , training and research
Strategies for urban and rural areas
and development
Planning theories
Decision making methods
Land management
CadasterRegistry Geodata
management
ConsultancyCapacity Building
ReaI Estate Economics
Land Market
Land readjustmentLand Pooling
Source: German Geodetic Commission of Bavarian Academy of Sciences Section Land- und Real Estate Management 2014
Spatial Planning
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