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A WBS is a logical, hierarchical tree of all the tasksneeded to complete a project.
Three layers Managing folders in computer
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WBS for an A/C Project
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Importance of WBSIf I could wish but one thing for every project, it wouldbe a comprehensive and detailed WBS. The lack of agood WBS probably results in more inefficiency,
schedule slippage and cost overruns on projects than anyother single cause. When a consultant is brought in toperform the role ofprojectdoctor, invariably there hasbeen no WBS developed. No one knows what work has
been done, nor what work remains to be done. The firstthing to do is assemble the planning team and teachthem how to create a WBS.
(Devaux, 1999)
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Logical Interfacing Every piece put in its right place and with no piece
missing.
For right place.. Identification numbers, codes, oraddresses
For minimizing risk of omission.. checklists
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Example Childaire (fictitious) children charity NGO
Essential air travel for children
$2 millionAppoint PM
Design WBS
Four different senior managers
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Childaire
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Airport Development Project
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arge u c ven ro ec :Inaugural Celebration Ceremony
for An International Airport
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Coding System Every project task is given a name or descriptive title
which must be augmented by a specific code
A code may be a sequence of alphabetic characters, aset of numerical digits or some of these two (Alpha-numeric code)
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Examples BMW 3 series vs BMS 5 series
Airbus. A3nn
Boeing. 7n7-xxx Two 7s mean???
N mean???
767-300 is a particular variant of the Boeing 767
Last two zeros may be replaced with the digits toidentify a particular customer
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Compatibility of Codes with other
SystemsA code is a short and precise method of conveying
essential data about an item.
An item might be anything from the whole project tothe smallest part of it, physical or abstract.
Each item has costs that must be estimated, budgeted,spent, measured, reported, assessed and recovered.
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Coded WBS for an Avionics Project Project identifier 110-0000
Item identifier transformer 110-2210
Relationship within the project (110 for project 221transformer)
Operation identifier (110-2210C coil winding)
Identifiers for department, discipline or trade and
labor grade (110-2210-153)
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WBS and Coding
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Project Organization
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Project Organization To achieve best results
Complex task require more cooperation
Implementation of project teams within organizationsare generally challenging as well as dangerous
Maximum degree of freedom
Avoid havoc
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Project organization and
Responsibilities
1) defining how a project organization is embeddedwithin the parent organization
2) defining how the organization is structuredinternally within the project team
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Project Sponsor Manager or executive
Not directly involved
Delegate authority to PM but can over see Frequent contact with PM
Can also chair steering committee, approve finaldeliverables and communicate with external stake
holders
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Steering Committee Group of senior members
Budget approval authority
Highest authority to resolve issues or disputes Can approve or reject changes
Has to assess project progress and report to seniormanagement
Regular reviews of plans and status reports
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Advisory Committee Key project stake holders
Generally senior managers
Cannot make decisions regarding a project
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Project Manager Naturally the key person
Responsible for project requirements
Report to steering committee
Supervision and guidance
Regular project status reports to steering committee
Chair risk
Attend steering committee meetings Execute project management process
Ensure project plan, schedule and budget are up-to-date
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Team Leader Responsible for managing one part of project
Ideally has project management skills as well as HRM
Sub team deliverables, sub team meetings and statusreports
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Team Member Person assigned to a team who is responsible for
performing a clearly defined part of the projectactivities
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Organizational Models Two models
1) Pure line organization
2) Project organization 3) Hybrid
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Pure Line Organization
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Advantages
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Disadvantages
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Project Organization
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Advantages
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Disadvantages
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Matrix/Hybrid Organizations
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Advantages
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Disadvantages
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Choosing the Project Organization
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