COMMUNITY NEEDS ASSESSMENT-CMHGR Sept 15

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Understanding How Community Concerns Impact The Work You Do With Children and Families

D-WCCMHA VCE Children’s Mental Health Grand Rounds (CMHGR) Training Series

September 15, 2011

Data prepared by:

Presented by:

Kirsten Mack, LMSW

Avery Eenigenburg, BA

Made possible through the generous support of

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Learning objectives

1. Participants will be able to identify how community stability has worsened since 2000 and what that means for children and families.

2. Participants will be able to identify the obstacles to success that many Wayne County families face.

3. Participants will be able to identify changes needed to service delivery in order to sustain efforts toward reducing barriers faced by low income families.

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Introduction

Starfish Family Services received funding from The Kresge Foundation for an early childhood planning study and community needs assessment

Needs assessment conducted in 2010 by Data Driven Detroit, an independent, regional data collection and analysis firm (Kurt Metzger)

Demographic profiles of 14 communities in Western Wayne County

Assessment of the most pressing needs of young children and families in the 14 communities

Identify geographical areas of greatest need and resources available

Specify gaps between need and resources

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Why is the data important to the work we do?

Correlation between family environments/parental well-being as a predictor of multiple problems for children

Use data to guide the development/implementation of effective mental health interventions and programs

Use data to advocate for changes in public policy

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Learning Objective 1

Participants will be able to identify how community stability has worsened since 2000 and what that means for children and families.

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Increasing Instability

Median household income fell 27%

Unemployment rate rose to 16%

Poverty rates increased from 16% to 24% for all persons and from 23% to 35% for children

Wayne County has had the largest population loss in the nation

Population of children ages zero to four decreased 16%

From 2000-2010, residents receiving food stamps increased 133% - nearly 2 in 5 residents

From 2000 – 2009:

Wayne County Trends

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Most Communities Lost Population 2000 – 2010 Dearborn and Far Western Wayne Communities Gained

98,752 100,886

89,727

63,936

27,976 29,247 28,336

17,64011,341

3,500

83,446

55,351

47,846

26,636

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

Livonia

city

Dearborn

cityWes

tland city

Canton townsh

ipTay

lor city

Dearborn

Heig

hts cit

y

Redford to

wnship

Inkster

city

Garden

City

city

Plymouth to

wnship

Northvil

le township

Wayne c

ityPlym

outh city

Northvil

le cit

y

Source: Census

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Cherry Hill Rd.M

iddlebeltMichigan Ave.

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The Population of 0-4 Year Olds Decreased From 2000 to 2009 In All Communities Except Canton and Northville Townships

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The Unemployment Rate for Detroit Runs About Three Times That of Out-Wayne County

Source: MI Labor Market Information

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Median Household Income2000 2009 Change

City of Detroit

$38,089 $26,098 -31.3%

Macomb County

$67,070 $50,553 -24.6%

Oakland County

$79,692 $62,308 -21.8%

Wayne County

$52,491 $38,192 -27.2%

Michigan $57,499 $45,255 -21.3%

United States $54,058 $50,221 -7.1%

Source: U.S. Department of Labor

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The Number of Wayne County Residents Receiving Food Stamps Increased by 133% Over the Decade

By September 2010: 2 out of every 5 Households (39%)

225,842

258,478274,703

301,358

338,030

361,145369,737

378,457

412,778

494,266

525,600

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

550,000

2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

Sep-10

Source: Michigan Dept. of Human Services

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Nearly Half of All Wayne County Children, 5 Years and Under, Were in Food Stamp Households in June 2010

Source: MI Department of Human Services

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Implications for Service Delivery

There is an “association between food insecurity and poor health, poor academic performance and poor psychosocial functioning. (Lombe 2009)

“Food insecurity and hunger, among children, persist despite efforts of both formal and informal assistance programs.” (Lombe 2009)

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Learning Objective 2

Participants can identify the obstacles to success that many Wayne County families face.

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Obstacles to Success

Obstacle 1: Lack of Financial Resources

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School District % EligibleInkster 77%Westwood 72%Taylor 66%Dearborn 62%Dearborn Heights #7 60%Wayne-Westland 58%Redford Union 58%Crestwood 56%South Redford 50%Garden City 43%Livonia 22%Plymouth-Canton 15%Northville Public Schools 5%

Detroit 79.1%

Free and Reduced Lunch Program 9 of 13 (70%) School Districts Serving Western Wayne County had eligibility levels of 50% or more in 2009-2010 School Year

Source: Center for Educational Performance and Information (CEPI)

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Implications for Service Delivery

Ecological systems theory – “since poverty is associated with a multitude of risks (environmental, biological, psychosocial) it is one of the major environmental factors associated with developmental outcomes in young children.” (Rafferty 2010)

Economic stress model – “economic factors within the family (lower income, inadequate family resources) influence child development through their impact on parental mental health and parenting practices.” (Rafferty 2010)

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Obstacle 2: Lack of Parental Resources to

Cope with Stress

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Teen & Single Parents

Teen parents – In 2006-08, teen mothers accounted for more than 1 in 10 births in Taylor, Wayne, and Inkster

Single mothers – Over half of all births in these communities were to unmarried mothers, and 40% to 59% of all households are headed by single parents

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Obstacle 3:Instability of Housing &

Neighborhoods

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Implications for Service Delivery

“living in a poor, dangerous neighborhood virtually guarantees exposure to risk factors outside the home that affect child development.” (Shaw 2008)

Research findings emphasize the importance of child IQ and the family environment in promoting children’s positive social adjustment.“ (Shaw 2008)

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Obstacle 4: Community Policies, Institutions,

and Programs

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School Performance Varies Widely

High School Graduation rates and MEAP scores reflect challenge of fragmented school systems

Both Inkster and Westwood schools report graduation rates of only 53%

Garden City and Redford have graduation rates below 70%

Plymouth-Canton has an 88% graduation rate

Northville has a 95% graduation rate

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Implications for Service Delivery

School district boundaries do not follow community boundaries

Most communities have more than one school district serving their students

The City of Inkster has 4 school districts; Dearborn Heights has 5 school districts

Combination of multiple districts and open enrollment policies has destabilizing effect on community, families, and children

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Implications for Service Delivery

Community Focus Group:

“We have to pay attention to school. They’re not getting the benefit of the education they have been offered. Young people are distracted by the crises in their lives, the lives of their family members, distracted by their own mental health needs.”

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Obstacle 5: Access to Transportation,

Services & Information

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Grocery Store Availability in Inkster

Cherry Belt Party Store Convenience & Party StoreDaly Stop Convenience & Party StoreE&K Party Market Convenience & Party StoreFairway Foods Convenience & Party StoreFast Frank's Party Shoppe Convenience & Party StoreHarrison Liquor Store Convenience & Party StoreInkster Supermarket Convenience & Party StoreJ & B Party Store Convenience & Party StoreLeon's Party Store Convenience & Party StoreMaraton (Inkster Consumer Ctr.) Convenience & Party StoreMarket Food, Inc. Convenience & Party StoreMetro Liquor Plaza Convenience & Party StorePenn Food Market Convenience & Party StoreTwenty-Five Hour Party Store Convenience & Party StoreSave-A-Lot GroceriesSuper Max Groceries

Food Stores in Inkster

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Learning Objective 3

1. Participants will be able to identify changes needed to service delivery in order to sustain efforts toward reducing barriers faced by low income families.

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The Stress Index

A single measure summarizing the degree of stress on a community.

The index incorporates scores on six indicators:

Household income less than $20,000

Single-parent households

Adult educational attainment

Housing and residential stability

Availability of a vehicle

Residential vacancy

The maximum stress index score is 66.

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The Result of Stress on Families & Children

“The greater number of stressors in the lives of impoverished families tends to deplete crucial emotional resources, weakening their capacity to cope with problems and difficulties.” (Rafferty 2010)

Multiple sources of stress can result in feelings of

Lack of control

Instability

Lack of structure

Inability to make plans

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Parent Comments

“I don’t even know if I’m going to eat next week; how can I tell you if I am going to go to your

program?”

“If you are living [from] crisis to crisis, you aren’t going to commit to a program.”

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Availability of Resources

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Population per Pediatrician and OBGYN

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Survey of professionals…

A survey of child protection and mental health professionals conducted in 2002 found that professionals often believe that parents with mental health issues can be adequate parents if they receive ongoing support and services.

In addition, they felt that a parent’s stress was often exacerbated by a lack of appropriate services.

(Darlington & Feeney, 2009)

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Municipality Total Number of Calls to 2-1- 1, 2009

Total Calls as Percentage of Population

Inkster 1,987 6.9%Taylor 2,737 4.1%

Wayne 693 3.6%

Redford 1,827 3.5%

Westland 2,631 3.0%

Dearborn Heights 1,238 2.1%

Garden City 523 1.7%

Dearborn 1,547 1.6%

Canton 1,055 1.1%

Livonia 991 1.0%

Plymouth 370 1.0%

Northville 275 0.9%

Another indicator of stress on a community is the number of calls to United Way’s 2-1-1 telephone referral service.

Source: United Way for Southeastern Michigan

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Parent comment:

“People don’t know where to find resources.”“You have to ask for it [the specific service].”

Implications for Service Delivery

Parents need advocacy when seeking resources, especially when they don’t know exactly what they need.

Families often lack reliable transportation and public bus routes

Community member comment:“Parents themselves are unsure where to go, what to do, they don’t know where to go for help, they need

information about where to go.”

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Survey of Professionals…

There needs to be appropriate management of the parents’ needs and family support needs.

This includes a flexible approach to the provision of care and support for children.

(Darlington and Feeney, 2009)

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Macro-level implications

There is considerable regional and national attention on the challenges facing the City of Detroit. However, this study points to significant challenges likewise facing families in the surrounding communities.

If left unaddressed, these may impede the economic development, growth and long-term vitality of the region and state.

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Macro-level implications

Complexity of issues facing families requires cross systems collaboration and systems level change to positively impact the communities and families.

Advocacy and public policy will be necessary to achieve any high impact and sustained outcome to reduce or eliminate obstacles.

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More Information

www.starfishonline.org

www.datadrivendetroit.org

www.kidscount.org

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Questions?

Kirsten MackQuality Directorkmack@sfish.org734-727-3143

Avery EenigenburgGrant Writeraeenigenburg@sfish.org734-727-3151