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COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLEWEIGHT ENFORCEMENT
CURRENT CHALLENGES
Significant Growth in CMV Traffic• Increased congestion and delay
• Demand for larger and heavier vehicles
• Mounting stress on infrastructure
• Greater need for effective and efficient enforcement
CURRENT CHALLENGES
Overweight CMV Travel • Premature deterioration of the pavement
• Increased roadway maintenance costs– Annual state-level costs from $8 to $144 million– Annual national costs from $265 million to $1.11 billion
• Compromised safety levels
CURRENT CHALLENGES
Personnel Limitations• Fixed weigh facilities inflexible to industry
travel, loading, routing patterns– Restricted, predictable hours of operation– Vehicle capacity limitations– Successfully bypassed
• Significant effort expended on compliant carriers– Violation capture rates
of 1% on U.S. Interstates
BACKGROUND
2006 European Scan Tour• Emerging technologies
• Unconventional procedures
• Novel data applications
• Innovative funding mechanisms
• Multinational harmonization
THE NETHERLANDSBELGIUM
GERMANY
FRANCE
SLOVENIASWITZERLAND
EUROPEAN APPROACH
Unique Partnerships• Similar agencies of different jurisdictional levels
– National and regional law enforcement agencies
• Different agencies– Transportation, law enforcement, regulatory, and
prosecution agencies
In The Netherlands, the Ministry of Transport funds 100 additional limited capacity National Police Agency
officers who focus 40% and 60% of their time on weight enforcement and congestion/incident
management activities, respectively.
EUROPEAN APPROACH
Technology-based Policies/Procedures• Pre-selection for manual enforcement
– Various countries, supports mobile and fixed operations
• Enforcement resource scheduling– France, Slovenia, The Netherlands utilize historic WIM data
• Preventative carrier contacts– France, The Netherlands target habitually
non-compliant carriers
Pre-selection, enforcement resource scheduling, and
preventative carrier contacts often combined to provide
comprehensive enforcement approach.
WIM+VID OVERWEIGHT VEHICLE DATA
SELECTION OF NON-COMPLIANT
COMPANIES
PREVENTATIVE VISIT
COMPANY NON-COMPLIANT
PRO-ACTIVE ENFORCEMENT
COMPANY OK
MONITORING TWO MONTHS
MONITORING INDEFINITELY
COMPANY UNWILLING
EUROPEAN APPROACH
• Bypass prevention– France, The Netherlands support:
– site selection– site level system plans
• Direct enforcement– France, The Netherlands leading efforts
– Low-speed and high-speed WIM– Attaining sufficient WIM system
accuracy levels– Gaining metrological certification– Modifying existing laws that require
static measurements
SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES
• Overheight Vehicle Detection System
• Vehicle Profiler System
• WIM Systems– In-road– Bridge
• Dynamic Calibration Vehicle
• Vehicle Identification System
• Advanced Routing/Permitting System
• Archived Records Database
SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES
In-road WIM System
Functions• Measures and records axle, gross weight using
piezo quartz, piezo ceramic, fiber optic sensors
Considerations
• Provides 24/7 monitoring
• May be less accurate than traditional WIM systems
• Low cost supports wider implementation
Estimated Cost
• $9,000 - $32,500 per lane
• Varies by sensor type, on-site communication requirements
• Requires additional, ongoing maintenance with associated costs
SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES
Bridge WIM System
Functions
• Measures, records weight using existing structures instrumented with strain transducers/gauges
• Measures, records axles using traditional sensors or Nothing-on-Road/Free-of-Axle Detector (NORFAD) systems
Considerations
• Requires suitable bridge and location• Most successful on short, stiff bridges• Structural assessments require transducer calibration• Calibration may require specialized expertise
Estimated Cost• $100,000 - $130,000 per bridge/system• Varies by sensor type, on-site communication requirements
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Str
ain
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Static
Dynamic
SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES
Vehicle Identification System
Functions
• Cameras capture vehicle silhouette, license plate images
• OCR software converts license plate image to numeric data
• Images/data transmitted via DSRC to portable computer used by enforcement officials
Considerations • Conversion of license plate images may result in errors
Estimated Cost• $52,000 - $80,000 per system
• Varies by camera type, on-site communication requirements
SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES
Archived Records Database
Functions
• Supports data-driven enforcement scheduling
• Supports preventative carrier contacts
• Supports enhanced data quality
• Encourages long-term performance monitoring
Considerations • Requires procedures for quality control
Estimated Cost • $225,000 - $300,000
IMPLEMENTATION
PRE-SELECTION/BYPASS PREVENTION
Archived Records Database
Vehicle Identification System
Bridge WIM System
In-road WIM System
AND/OR
DSRC
Camera/OCR
Computer Interface/Software
Weight/Axle Sensors(X Weight Accuracy)
Computer Interface/Software
Voltage/Axle Sensors(X Weight Accuracy)
IMPLEMENTATION
PRE-SELECTION/BYPASS PREVENTION
RESOURCE SCHEDULING/PREVENTATIVE CONTACTS
Archived Records Database
Vehicle Identification System
Bridge WIM System
In-road WIM System
AND/OR
DSRC
Camera/OCR
Database
DSRC
Camera/OCR
Computer Interface/Software
Weight/Axle Sensors(X Weight Accuracy)
Computer Interface/Software
Weight/Axle Sensors(X Weight Accuracy)
Computer Interface/Software
Voltage/Axle Sensors(X Weight Accuracy)
Computer Interface/Software
Voltage/Axle Sensors(X Weight Accuracy)
IMPLEMENTATION
PRE-SELECTION/BYPASS PREVENTION
RESOURCE SCHEDULING/PREVENTATIVE CONTACTS
DIRECT ENFORCEMENT
Archived Records Database
Vehicle Identification System
Bridge WIM System
In-road WIM System
AND/OR
Database
DSRC
Camera/OCR
Database
DSRC
Camera/OCR
DSRC
Camera/OCR
Computer Interface/Software
Weight/Axle Sensors(X Weight Accuracy)
Computer Interface/Software
Weight/Axle Sensors(X Weight Accuracy)
Computer Interface/Software
Weight/Axle Sensors(Y Weight Accuracy)
Computer Interface/Software
Voltage/Axle Sensors(X Weight Accuracy)
Computer Interface/Software
Voltage/Axle Sensors(X Weight Accuracy)
BENEFITS
• Increased violation capture rates– The Netherlands reported 80% violation capture rate
• Reduced fixed facility demand, mainline safety/ congestion concerns
• Reduced harmful emissions from static weighing
• Significant infrastructure damage cost savings – Montana reported $700,000 annual cost savings from
technology-based, enforcement resource scheduling
FUNCTIONAL INTERFACE
QUESTIONS
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