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Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 2
SFA Organo-Metallic Metal Products
Chromium – 8% CrMagnesium – 30% SulfonateMagnesium – 35% CarboxylateIron – 30% FerroceneIron – 9% Oil-Soluble CarboxylateIron – 18% Colloidal SuspensionSilicon – 38% Siloxanes
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 3
Metallic Fuel Additive Functions
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 4
Deposit Modifiers – Reduction of Deposits and Corrosion by Raising Melting Point of Ash
Combustion Catalysts – Reduction of Particulate Emissions and Improvement of Fuel Efficiency
Acid Rain – Reduction of Sulfuric Acid in Exhaust
SFA markets products used in fuel oil treatment plants and power plant applications
• Lubricity Agents• Demulsifiers for centrifuge fuel water
washing emulsion breaking• Flocculants for effluent water purification• Compressor and Power Section cleaners• Industrial cleaners
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 5
SFA Metal Containing Fuel Additives can be used in the following fuels
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 6
No. 1. NaphthaNo. 2. Light DistillateNo. 4. Vacuum DistillateNo. 5. Distillate – Residual MixturesNo. 6. Residual
Equipment Applications
• Combustion Turbines• Diesel Engines - Low Speed• Diesel Engines – Medium Speed• Diesel Engines – High Speed • Field-Erected Steam Boilers• Industrial Process Heaters• Package Steam Boilers
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 7
Combustion Turbine Experience
• ASEA Brown Boveri Type 9 and 11• ASEA-Stal Model 35• General Electric Frame 5, 6 and 7 (Including GE Licensees)• Kongsberg• Mitsui• Ruston• Sulzer• Westinghouse Model 248 and 501 (including Mitsubishi)
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 8
Catalyst Technology
• SFA International discovered a synergistic relationship between iron and magnesium giving up to 90% reduction in particulate emissions compared with <50% found in the literature.
• SFA catalysts have been used in industrial applications for more than thirteen years.
• SFA has five patents issued in the United States and thirty-four countries for protection of this new technology.
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 9
Patents Issued
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 10
Diesel Engine Applications Gasoline Engine Applications Boilers and Process Heaters – Oil FiredBoilers and Process Heaters – Coal FiredUnique Median Particle Size – for colloidal dispersion
Combustion Turbine Catalyst Experience
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 11
Siemens Westinghouse 501 D5 104 MW Siemens Westinghouse 501 F 150 MWSiemens Westinghouse 248 B11 44 MW
2004 Emission Data SummaryHHI Daeson Power Plant
Westinghouse 501 D5 104 MW Turbines
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 12
SFA FuelSpecR 118-1502, 50 ppm Fe dosageKorean government requirement: <40 mg./M3.Particulate level without catalyst: >160 mg./ M3.Particulate level with catalyst –
Turbine #1 #2 #3 #4High 18.1 18.2 22.7 22.0Low 10.3 8.1 5.4 9.5Average 13.8 12.4 13.4 14.4
Korean Institute of Energy Research Low Pressure Boiler with Low Sulfur Waxy Residual Fuel
50% Load
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 13
Test 1 2Catalyst, ppm Fe 0 50Particulates, mg/M3 189.3 29.7Improvement 84.3%
Korean Institute of Energy Research Low Pressure Boiler with Low Sulfur Waxy Residual Fuel
75% Load
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 14
Test 1 2Catalyst, ppm Fe 0 50Particulates, mg/M3 268.8 29.3Reduction 89.1%
Experience - Large Diesel EnginesMagnesium Additive for Deposit Modification
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 15
Coastal Energy Power Plant - Nejapa, El SalvadorWärtsilä V32 18 Cylinder 6 MW Turbocharged Diesel EnginesResidual Fuel - < 300 ppm V + NaLong Term Use - Eliminated Deposits on Piston Crowns and Exhaust Valve Seats
Transportation Diesel Fleet Tests
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 16
Automotive Trucks and Busses
Up to 8 Liter Displacement
Variable Power and RPM
Transportation Diesel Fleet Tests
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 17
Vehicle 1 2 3 4 5 6Without Catalyst
Km./Lit. 3.21 3.57 3.25 6.54 6.00 5.04With Catalyst
Km./Lit. 3.51 4.01 3.89 6.73 6.45 6.01% Improvement
9.4 12.3 19.7 2.9 7.4 19.2
Automotive Research Association Institute of India Calibrated Fuel Measurement Driving Test
Premier Padmini 137D
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 18
Km Liters Km/Lit. Improvement Without CatalystCity 256 26 9.85Highway 389 28 13.89
With CatalystCity 480 42 11.43 16.1%Highway 531 32.2 16.49 18.7%
Automotive Research Association Institute of India Dynamometer Results
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 19
Speed wo/Cat w/Cat. Improvement Km/Hr. Km/Lit. Km/Lit. 40 24.42 26.94 10.30%
Automotive Research Association of India
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 20
Carbon in Exhaust Measurements from AutomobileOn Dynamometer
• Fuel Consumption 10% less With Catalyst
• Same CO2 Measurement in Exhaust With and Without Catalyst.
• Conclusion: More Efficient Combustion of Fuel and Conversion to Energy
Southwest Research Institute
• Tx-LED Ultra Clean Diesel Fuel• 25% Engine Load• 74:40 Hour Test• 1.9% Reduction in Fuel Consumption• 11% Reduction in Particulate Matter• 3% Reduction in NOx• 0.6 ppm Sulfur in Fuel
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 21
Diesel Generator Set Constant Power and RPM
December 2002 – January 2003Kirloskar Cummins 180 KW Engine• 180 – 200 liters Fuel per Day• 8 Day Test – With Catalyst• 8 Day Test – Without Catalyst• Fuel consumption 18.1% less with catalyst
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 22
Data Sources
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 23
Southwest Research Institute - San Antonio, TX EcoMission Ford F-250 - Houston, TXTGS Locomotive - Houston, TXL & P RR - Lincoln, NHARAI - Pune, IndiaECP Bus Trial – Manama, Bahrain
Relationship of Sulfur and Fuel Savings with Catalyst
Linear Regression Analysis of Data
% Fuel Savings = 2.70 x log ppm S + 2.59
Correlation Coefficient = 0.999
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 25
Catalyst Products
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 26
FuelSpec® 113 Series Oil-Soluble catalyst, EPA Registered, >1,000 ppm SFuelSpec® 114 Series Oil-Soluble catalyst, EPA Registered, <1,000 ppm SFuelSpec® 116 Series Oil-Soluble catalyst for > 1,000 ppm SFuelSpec® 117 Series Oil-Soluble catalyst for < 1,000 ppm SFuelSpec® 118 Series Colloidal Dispersion for large industrial applications
and lower quality fuelsFuelSpec® 119 Series Colloidal Dispersion for >10 MW Diesel Engines
Catalyst Applications
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 27
Oil Soluble Fe + Mg – Diesel fuelsGood Storage Stability in low viscosity fuelsLess Sensitivity to Water
Colloidal Dispersion Fe + Mg – Residual fuelsStable in high viscosity fuelsLower Cost for Industrial Applications
Economic Effects
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 28
FuelSpec® 116-1002 – 2.8% of Diesel fuel cost (Approximately $0.042/gallon)FuelSpec® 116-4509 – 2.0% of Diesel fuel cost (Approximately $0.030/gallon)FuelSpec® 118-1502 – 0.9% of Residual Oil cost (Approximately $0.012/gallon)
We guarantee 5% fuel savings.
Reduction in Fuel Consumption is Proportional to Reduction of Particulate Matter in Exhaust
Stochiometric Combustion Conditions2,000 Mg./Cu.M. Particulate EmissionsEquivalent to 11.3% of Fuel
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 29
Results
• Combustion is complete.• Less unburned carbon material in exhaust.• More energy from fuel.• Better fuel economy.• More Power.• Less Carbon in Reciprocating Engine Oil.
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 30
Environmental Effects
• Diesel Engine Fuel Savings – 5 – 15% Range• Particulate Emissions reduced by 90%• 75% NOx Reduction
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 31
Improves Combustion Efficiency
• Cleaner Burning Fuel• Tolerates Higher Wax and Asphaltenic Content• Reduces Emissions – Particulate Matter, Unburned
Hydrocarbons, CO, NOx - through more efficient use of oxygen in combustion and less time at maximum combustion temperature.
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 32
Metallic Combustion Catalysts
Metal catalysts contribute some particulate emissions from the oxides of the metals in the engine exhausts. The level of these emissions is well below government standards for emissions.
Iron and magnesium oxides are nontoxic and benign to life forms.Iron and magnesium oxides are very high melting species and do not harm
engines through deposits or abrasion.Catalyst adds 17 ppm solids to fuel. ASTM D-975 specification limit is 100
ppm solids.
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 33
Catalyst Contribution to Diesel Engine Emissions
• 0.0064 mg/kW hr contribution by Fe2O3 + MgO at 10 ppm Fe and 2 ppm Mg
• Euro III - 0.10 mg/kW Hr < 3,000 rpm • 0.13 mg/kW Hr > 3,000 rpm
• Transportation Research Laboratories, Ltd. (U.K.) confirmed this measurement.
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 34
Engine Maintenance
• Minimize Deposits and Wear on Piston Crown and Valve Seats
• Less Carbon - Longer Oil Life
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 35
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Contact PersonStreet Address / P.O. BoxCity, State, Zip CodeTel: XXX-XXX-XXXXFax: XXX-XXX-XXXXEmail: ContactPerson@DistributorWebSite.comWeb Site: www.DistributorWebSite.com
Apr 7, 2023 SFA International, Inc. 36
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