Cold War Connections

Cold War Connections

Lesson Essential Question

•What common trends connect global conflicts?

Economic Systems

• What is capitalism?

• What is communism?

Capitalism

Communism

C&C United States and Soviet Union

• Capitalist economic system• Individuals control

economic activities• Harry Truman = Elected

President

• Communist economic system• Government controls

economic activities• Joseph Stalin = Authoritative

ruler

United States Soviet Union

The United Nations

• Est. June 26, 1945• Headquarters in NYC• Peacekeeping body,

aka the earlier League of Nations

Notice the world map

Potsdam Conference

• US, GBR, USSR leaders met at Potsdam, near Berlin, July 1945

• What was the compromise?

Potsdam

• Germany would be divided into four occupational zones

Potsdam Conference: Goals

Create a world where all nations had the right of self-determination

Gain access to raw materials Rebuild Europe, ensuring

stability and a market for goods

Reunite Germany

Encourage communism as part of the worldwide struggle between workers and the wealthy

Rebuild its war-ravished economy

Gain influence in Eastern Europe to balance US influence in Western Europe

Keep Germany divided to prevent future threats

United States wanted to… Soviet Union wanted to…

Potsdam Conference: Results

• Communist governments set-up in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Poland– Satellite nations– Containment

Results: Division of Germany

• Germany divided: West and East

• Soviets blocked all trade and travel to and from East Germany

• Isolated West Berlin

Stalin’s Promise at Potsdam

• The people of Eastern Europe will be allowed to choose their own governments

• Berlin was divided as well

Warsaw Pact

• Stalin needs a buffer zone of friendly countries to guard against another attack

Iron Curtain

• “Iron Curtain” speech by Winston Churchill

• Iron curtain represented the division between democratic Western Europe and communist Eastern Europe

Truman and Containment

• Truman Doctrine• “It must be the policy

of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures”

• What does that mean?

Truman & Containment: Economics

• Marshall Plan• 16 countries received

$13 billion in aid• By 1952, Western

Europe was flourishing and Communist parties lost their appeal to voters

Truman & Containment: Economics (2)

• Truman Doctrine– Pledged to provide

economic and military aid to prevent the spread of communism.

– Congress agreed to send hundreds of millions in aid to Greece and Turkey

Korea• Soviet troops occupied

the area to the north and a pro-Soviet communist government came to power.

• The United States of America provided 88% of the 341,000 international soldiers.

• Containment

South Korea’s Economy

Cuban Missile Crisis

• Kennedy versus Kruschev

Causes of the Cold War

• Disagreements between the Allies

• Differing U.S. and Soviet political and economic systems

• Different goals for postwar Germany

• Soviet expansion of communism in Europe

• Resistance to Soviet aggression by the U.S.

Effects of The Cold War

• Political and military struggles around the world

• Increased military spending

• Arms race• Ever-present danger of

nuclear war

400 Million

Common Trends

• BRAINSTORM: What common trends connect global conflicts?

• Think P-E-S.• Think M-A-I-N.• Think!– Propaganda– Geography– Leadership– Problems with peace

Vietnam

• You design the slides!• You need a total of

three slides; Causes, Background, and Effects.

• Include one graphic image on each slide

Vietnam ~ Causes

• The best one goes here!

Vietnam ~ Background

• The best one goes here!

Vietnam ~ Effects

• The best one goes here!

Think ~ Write ~ Share

•What common trends connect global conflicts?

Name: _______________________________________ Directions: Using your notes and your textbook, please complete this graphic organizer using specific information relevant to each conflict. I have given you the classic causes and effects as well as one more common

pattern. Please identify a second pattern and follow your example across to each conflict.

BOLD = Causes

WWI WWII COLD WAR

Militarism

Alliances

Imperialism

Nationalism

Political Costs

Economic Costs

4,101 Billion in FY 2011 $

Social Costs

Pattern: geography

Creation of Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Poland

Germany was divided Vietnam reunified, Germany reunified, China loses Taiwan

Pattern: