View
1
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
HarvestPlus c/o IFPRI 2033 K Street, NW • Washington, DC 20006-1002 USA Tel: 202-862-5600 • Fax: 202-467-4439 HarvestPlus@cgiar.org • www.HarvestPlus.org
Biofortification is the development of nutrient-dense staple crops using the conventional breeding practices.
Nutrition Challenge / Labeling Challenge
Demonstrate the ability of biofortified crops to
have an impact on the nutritional and health
status of the target population
Codex Coordinating Committee for Asia
Tokyo, Nov. 5-9, 2012
Global prevalence of
micronutrient deficiencies
This map details worldwide severity of the most common micronutrient deficiencies—vitamin A,
anemia, and zinc—using World Health Organization (WHO) children under 5 prevalence data. This
does not include prevalence of iodine. Severity was coded using a 3-point weighting system based
on levels of public health significance cut-offs (low, moderate, and high)
Common micronutrient deficiencies and
associated health issues Micronutrient Health issues associated with deficiency
Vitamin A Blindness
Impaired immune system defenses
Reduced fetal development
Increased child mortality
Increased maternal mortality
Iron Iron deficiency anemia (IDA)
Reduced cognitive capability
Reduced physical capacity and productivity
Increased maternal mortality
Complications with childbirth and increased risk of low
birth weight
Increased infant mortality
Zinc Decreased resistance to infectious diseases
Stunting and impaired growth in children
Complications with pregnancy and childbirth
Theodore Tulchinsky, “Micronutrient Deficiency Conditions: Global Health Issues”,
http://www.publichealthreviews.eu/upload/pdf_files/7/13_Micronutrient.pdf
Approaches to fighting micronutrient malnutrition
Dietary diversity
Agronomic biofortification
Conventional biofortification
Nutrient retention
Commercial fortification
Transgenic biofortification
Approach Description Type of Program
Conventional breeding of new varieties of crops that contain micronutrients within the seed
Encouraging consumption of different types of food to increase micronutrient intake
Altering processing/cooking techniques to retain high nutrient levels at point of consumption
Adding powdered fortificants to food during processing
Distributing vitamin supplements to people suffering from micronutrient malnutrition
• Conventional breeding programs • Seed development and
dissemination
• Education/awareness• HH level diversification• Increasing food intake
• HH level preservation techniques• Improving nat’l food
infrastructure and handling
• Government mandate• Voluntary adoption by food co’s
• Point of care programs (clinics)• School based programs
Food-based approaches
Non-food-based
approaches
Supplementation
Distributing medicines to control parasitic infections (worms, etc.) that deplete nutrients in the body
• Point of care programs (clinics)• School based programs
Public health interventions
Altering soil to increase the level of nutrients that will be absorbed by crops growing in the area
• Agronomic training• Enriched fertilizer• Soil nutrient additives
Transgenic breeding of new varieties of crops that contain micronutrients within the seed
• Transgenic breeding programs • Seed development and
dissemination
Bonnie McClafferty & Yassir Islam. Fighting the Hidden Hunger.
Feb 2008
Supplementation Commercial Fortification
Biofortification
Dietary Diversity
http://www.HARVESTPLUS.ORG
BIOFORTICATION
http://www.HARVESTPLUS.ORG
http://www.HARVESTPLUS.ORG
http://www.HARVESTPLUS.ORG
http://www.HARVESTPLUS.ORG
CODEX COMMITTEE ON
NUTRITION AND FOODS FOR
SPECIAL DIETARY USE
CRD#1
"Proposal to develop a discussion paper on the biofortification of staple food crops with essential vitamins and minerals by conventional breeding” in French, Spanish, and English for the December Session of the CCNFSDU.
CCNFSDU put the document as a CRD on their event page (https://www.ccnfsdu.de/index.php?id=685).
CODEX COMMITTEE ON FOOD
LABELLING
Committee agreed that IFPRI could develop a Discussion Paper on the” labelling of foods using crops produced through Biofortification of Crops by Natural Selection”
Changed to :” Conventional Breeding”
Recommended