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CnidariaCnidariaHydra, Jellyfish, Coral, & Sea Hydra, Jellyfish, Coral, & Sea
AnemonesAnemones
Phylum CnidariaPhylum CnidariaSomeSome examples of Cnidaria are:examples of Cnidaria are:
• Sea anemones and Corals-Sea anemones and Corals- Anthozoa Anthozoa
• Hydra-Hydra- Hydrozoa Hydrozoa
• Jelly fish-Jelly fish- Scyphozoa Scyphozoa
• Ctenophores-Ctenophores- non stinging non stinging Cnidarians:Cnidarians: Comb JellyComb Jelly
AnatomyAnatomyA. A. PolymorphismPolymorphism- Cnidarians - Cnidarians
have more than one body have more than one body form:form:
1. 1. PolypPolyp
2. 2. MedusaMedusa
Polyp FormPolyp Form• Tube with tentacles Tube with tentacles
around the moutharound the mouth
• SessileSessile
Coral polyp
Polyp (sea anemone)Polyp (sea anemone)
Polyp (Hydra)Polyp (Hydra)
Medusa FormMedusa Form• Umbrella shapeUmbrella shape
• Tentacles around mouthTentacles around mouth
• Motile, Free-swimmingMotile, Free-swimming
TentaclesTentacles• Have Have
nematocysts nematocysts
(stinging cells)(stinging cells)
• Coiled thread Coiled thread discharges discharges
like a harpoonlike a harpoon
• Contains Contains neurotoxinneurotoxin
• Paralyzes preyParalyzes prey Discharged nematocyst
Level of Level of OrganizationOrganization
A. Cnidarians have tissuesA. Cnidarians have tissues
B. No organsB. No organs
C. Most Cnidarians have C. Most Cnidarians have Radial SymmetryRadial Symmetry
Radial SymmetryRadial Symmetry
Compass jellyfish
RadialRadial
HabitatHabitatAquatic:Aquatic:
1. Most 1. Most MarineMarine
2. Few 2. Few fresh-waterfresh-water
FeedingFeeding
A. Carnivores A. Carnivores
(predators)(predators)
B. Process of feedingB. Process of feeding
1. Tentacles sting prey with1. Tentacles sting prey with
nematocystsnematocysts
2. Tentacles grab prey2. Tentacles grab prey
3. Prey pulled into mouth3. Prey pulled into mouth
Lion’s mane eats another jelly
Process of feedingProcess of feeding
4. Prey stuffed into 4. Prey stuffed into gastro-gastro-vascularvascular cavitycavity (GVC)* (GVC)*
5. GVC makes 5. GVC makes enzymesenzymes, extra-, extra-cellular digestioncellular digestion
6. Undigested food back out 6. Undigested food back out mouthmouth
**incomplete digestive tract (no incomplete digestive tract (no anus)anus)
Lion’s mane jellyfish eating Lion’s mane jellyfish eating
RespirationRespiration• Via diffusion Via diffusion
• Body is two cell layers Body is two cell layers
thickthick
Internal TransportInternal Transport• Via diffusionVia diffusion
ExcretionExcretion
• Via diffusionVia diffusion
ResponseResponseA.A. No nervous systemNo nervous system
B.B. Nerve net around mouthNerve net around mouth
LocomotionLocomotion
A.A. Medusa- Medusa- motilemotile, free-swimming, free-swimming
B.B. Polyps- Polyps- sessilesessile,, attached to hard attached to hard substratesubstrate
Exceptions: Exceptions:
1. Hydra tumbles on tentacles1. Hydra tumbles on tentacles
2. Sea anemones glide on pedal 2. Sea anemones glide on pedal discdisc
ReproductionReproduction
1. 1. Asexual Asexual buddingbudding2. 2. SexualSexual
a. Medusae release sperm & eggsa. Medusae release sperm & eggs b. Larvae are free-swimmingb. Larvae are free-swimming
Ecological RoleEcological RoleA.A. Predators and preyPredators and prey
B.B. Neurotoxins in medical researchNeurotoxins in medical research
C.C. Coral – jewelry, building, reefs Coral – jewelry, building, reefs (surfing!)(surfing!)
D.D. Coral reefs - habitat for manyCoral reefs - habitat for many
-great biodiversity-great biodiversity
- protect coastline- protect coastline
E.E. Symbiosis with other organisms Symbiosis with other organisms
Class Anthozoa: Sea Class Anthozoa: Sea AnemonesAnemones
Sea Anemones (with sea Sea Anemones (with sea urchins)urchins)
Sea Anemones Clown fish with Sea Anemones Clown fish with sea anemonesea anemone
Clown fish & eggs with sea Clown fish & eggs with sea anemone anemone
Clown fish with sea Clown fish with sea anemoneanemone
Giant Sea AnemoneGiant Sea Anemone
Rosy Sea AnemoneRosy Sea Anemone
Class Anthozoa: CoralsClass Anthozoa: Corals
Brain CoralBrain Coral
CoralCoral
Colt CoralColt Coral
Elkhorn CoralElkhorn Coral
Cabbage CoralCabbage Coral
Flower CoralFlower Coral
Feather CoralFeather Coral
Gorgonian Fan CoralGorgonian Fan Coral
Lamellina CoralLamellina Coral
Sun CoralSun Coral
Subergorgia CoralSubergorgia Coral
Soft CoralSoft Coral
Sea PenSea Pen
Sea FanSea Fan
Sea PlumeSea Plume
Class Hydrozoa: Green Class Hydrozoa: Green HydraHydra
HydraHydra
Brown Hydra with budsBrown Hydra with buds
Brown Hydra eatingBrown Hydra eating
Hydra eating DaphniaHydra eating Daphnia
• Hydra eats DaphniaHydra eats Daphnia
Class Scyphozoa: True Class Scyphozoa: True JellyfishJellyfish
Fried egg jelly
JellyfishJellyfish
JellyfishJellyfish
Red-eyed medusa
JellyfishJellyfish
JellyfishJellyfish
JellyfishJellyfish
Lion’s mane
JellyfishJellyfish
Purple lion’s mane
Upside down Jelly fishUpside down Jelly fish
Upside down Jelly fishUpside down Jelly fish
Sea NettleSea Nettle
Jelly and diverJelly and diver
Giant Jelly off Coast of JapanGiant Jelly off Coast of Japan
Beached Jelly fishBeached Jelly fish
Jelly fish HumorJelly fish Humor
Portuguese Portuguese Man 0’ WarMan 0’ War
(a (a Hydrozoan), Hydrozoan), NOT a true NOT a true
jelly fishjelly fish
Portuguese Man 0’ WarPortuguese Man 0’ War
Tentacles of Physalia physalis
Portuguese Man o’ War Portuguese Man o’ War vs. Box Jelly fishvs. Box Jelly fish
Class Cubozoa: Box JellyfishClass Cubozoa: Box Jellyfish
Chironex fleckeriChironex fleckerithe Box jelly fishthe Box jelly fish
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