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CNES Presentation:
* SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES
* REGISTRATION ISSUES
Mario HucteauHead of Registration OfficeCOPUOS LSC, Vienna - April 2011
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
SUMMARY
■SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIESReentries, End of life operations, Collision risk moni toring, Space Act, tools
■REGISTRATION ISSUESCNES Registration Office, French Registry, Non-registrat ion issue
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
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0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000
1958 - 2011
Apogée
Périgée
LEO
MEO
GEO
GTO
~15 000 space objects
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
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0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000Apogée
Périgée
1958-2011
LEO(< 2000km)
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
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Incl
Perigee/Apogee
Polar orbit plan
ISS
SSO
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
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GEO
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
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Apogee/Perigee
Incl °
Equator Plan
GEO (35786km)
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
ATMOSPHERIC REENTRIES
■Two French registered objects reentered into the at mosphere in 2010 :
Identification Launch date Description Reentry date
2009-058D 29 Oct 2009 SYLDA 9 Sept 2010Ariane 5 (V192)
2001-029D 12 July 2001 SYLDA 6 Oct 2010Ariane 5 (V142)
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
END OF LIFE OPERATIONS IN LEO
■4 « ESSAIM » satellites launched December 18, 2004
■« Myriade » platform: ~120 kg, formation flying
■Quasi heliosynchroneous orbit around 700 km altitude
■Mission: characterization of the electromagnetic envi ronment
■Operated by CNES
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
■End of life operations in September and October 2010■1st step: altitude lowering in order to:
� reduce the orbital lifetime� empty the tanks�manage the collision risks between the
4 satellites
■2nd step: electrical passivation�Battery discharge�Satellites switch-off
■Final orbit: the 4 satellites are compliant with the 25-year rule
END OF LIFE OPERATIONS IN LEO
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
■EUTELSAT W2■Platform : 3t■Launched October 1998 by Eutelsat IGO■Decommissioned in March 2010 by Eutelsat SA
■Final orbit:� Perigee 281 km above GEO� Apogee 290 km above GEO
■Will not reenter into the GEO protected region
■Compliant with UN space debris guidelines (A/Res/62 /217, Dec 2007)
END OF LIFE OPERATIONS IN GEO
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
COLLISION RISK MONITORING
■17 LEO satellites and 1 GEO satellite controlled by CN ES■Permanent collision risk monitoring and avoidance
maneuvers when necessary■ Improvements of the procedure:
�Use of Conjunction Summary messages received from U S Joint Space Operations Center
�Use of the Radar Graves catalogue and measurements
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
COLLISION RISK MONITORING
■2010 synthesis:
� 18 satellites monitored� 353 risks identified by the automated process (prob ability of
collision > 10 -4)� 92 risk alerts received from US JSpOC� 21 requests for radar measurements or support to JS pOC
(probability of collision > 10 -3)� 13 avoidance maneuvers
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
SPACE OPERATIONS ACT
■Law entered into force on December 10, 2010■Objectives: protection of people, property, public heal th and
environment (including on orbit)■Applicable to
�Operators carrying out operations from French terri tory�French operators anywhere in the world
■Operators shall demonstrate compliance w.r.t. regulati ons■Authorizations are granted by the Ministry of Research after
analysis by CNES
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
SPACE OPERATIONS ACT
■Associated Technical Regulations prepared by CNES in 2009 and 2010 with participation of industry and operators■ In line with the UN-COPUOS and IADC Mitigation Guideli nes■Content:
�Ground safety requirements (controlled and uncontro lled reentry)�Space debris limitation�End of life operations�Collision risk reduction�Planetary protection�Nuclear safety
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
SPACE OPERATIONS ACT
■Methods and tools are proposed to support the implementation of the Technical Regulations:
�Fragmentation modeling during reentry�Estimation of ground risk in case of reentry�Determination of compliance with the 25-year rule� Long term stability of the GEO graveyard orbit�Collision risk during launch phase
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
REGISTRATION ISSUES
■New Registration Office (ref to National Legislation )
■French Registry for 2010:
+ 3 satellites (Picard (LEO), W3B (GTO), KA-SAT (GEO))+ 12 launcher elements (GTO) (cf 6xAriane launches)- 2 reentries
Total (1965-2010) = 262 space objects (84 satellite s)
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
178
128
49
41
43
84 s a t e l l i t e s
262
13 avec rentrée > 25 ans
21 x GEO
inactifs
actifs
1 x GTO
21 x LEO9 avec rentrée < 25 ans
27 x GEO
2 x GTO
12 x LEO
1 (débris Cerise)
RegistreNational1965-2010
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
+ Declaration of launches in 2010 for 11 satellites :To be registered soon !…
�Non registration issue :
�318 (/ 3503) in-orbit satellites are not registered (=> 9 % )
�323 satellites launched by Ariane [1979-2010] & stil l in-orbit
�82 satellites are not registered (1983-2010)� 25%� 20 States/International Organizations
UN-COPUOS, 50th session of the LSC, April 2011, Vienna
September 2011
Soyouz
Vega
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