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CMS 101: Overview
Sarah Eno
( thanks to people I stole slides from: Dan Green, P. Foka, Y. Schutz, R. Forty, F. Ferro, M. Szcaekowski, Harvey Newman, public CERN web pages
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Purpose/Overview of CourseGeneral Introduction: Sarah Eno (30’)
Introduction to the Detector: Jim Freeman (30’)
Introduction to the Trigger: Greg Landsberg (15’)
Introduction to the Software: Eric James (30’)
Introduction to the FNAL UAF: Hans Wenzel (10’)
The LPC: Sarah Eno (20’)
• Learn enough CMS jargon to understand many CMS week talks
• Learn who’s who in CMS
• have somebody (us) to contact with stupid questions about CMS
3
Outline• Some basics on the LHC accelerator/detectors/ physics at 14 TeV
• International CMS
• Life at CERN
• US CMS
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The Accelerator
CERN
Geneva airport
ATLAS
CMS ALICE
LHCb
Mont Blanc
LHC tunnel
In the LEP tunnel
pp √s =14 TeV L=1034 cm-2 s-1=10 mb-1MHzcrossing rate 40 MHzHeavy ions (1 month/year)
http://lhc-new-homepage.web.cern.ch/lhc-new-homepage/
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Physics Cross
Sections
High Center of Mass energy and instantaneous luminosity means exciting physics reach
6
Rate/ Interactions per crossing
1
1
10 ( )1 10 ( )
.795 40 MHz
R mb MHz mb
N mb MHz mb
σ
σ
−
−
= •
< >= • ••
3.5 interactions/crossing at 2E33 (2 mb-1 MHz, σ=55 mb)
17.3 interactions/crossing at 1E34 (10 mb-1 MHz, σ=55 mb)
W->eν cross section about 10 nb -> Rate of 100 Hz at 1E34
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Comparison to Tevatron
34 2 1
33 2 1
beams: pp
14 GeVcrossing time: 25 nsinteraction region sigma is 5 cmDesign Luminosity: 10
17Starting Lum: 2 10
3.5
LHC
s
cm sn
cm sn
− −
− −
=
< >=×
< >=
32 -2 1
Tevatronbeams: pp
s 1.96 TeVcrossing time = 396 nsinteraction region sigma is about 28 cmluminosity = 0.5-1 10 cm
1.25 2.5s
n
−
=
< >= −
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<n> Khoze, Martin, Ryskin hep-ph/0007359
Range comes mostly from the difference between the CDF and E710 cross sections at 1.8 TeV.
total cross section
Fraction elastic, diffractive
Total cross section 70 mb at Tevatron (inelastic is 46), 100 mb at LHC (50-60).
<n>=3.5 low lum, 17 high lum
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Short Crossing Time
(signal shape in ecal)
time-of-flight to:
η=0 η=2.4
ECAL: 4 ns 10 ns
HCAL: 6 ns 13 ns
Coil: 10 ns -
Muon 1: 13 ns 25 ns
Muon 4: 24 ns 36 ns
ECAL (100 ns bins)
HCAL (25 ns bins)
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Schedule
First Beams: “Summer” 2007Then Physics
Schedule Consolidated. CMS Ready to Close June 15, 2007
T-2 and counting
LEP tunnel was designed with the idea of running protons, but the “date” for this running was first proposed around 1991.
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Status of Accelerator Construction
http://lhc-new-homepage.web.cern.ch/lhc-new-homepage/DashBoard/index.asp
Easy to see if the accelerator is falling behind. So far, despite some problems with the cryo system that feeds liquid He to the magnets, it is not.
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Other LHC Experiments: ATLAS
•CMS is 14.6 m tall, ATLAS is 20 m tall.
•CMS has its solenoid outside its ECAL, ATLAS has ECAL outside the solenoid
•Tracking: CMS has 4T over 1.3 m radius, ATLAS has 2 Tesla over 1.2 m radius.
• CMS has 2602 members, ATLAS 3598
• US is 20% of CMS, 13% of ATLAS
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Other LHC experiments: LHCb
Turns on at the same time as ATLAS and CMSLooks like a fixed target experiment: covers 1.9<η<5.3
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Other LHC experiments: Alice
Heavy ions (CMS will also do heavy ions)
central barrel di-muon spectrometer
pp and pp and pApAfor comparison with PbPb
for their own merit
global pp properties
jet physics
diffractive physics
Starts up at same time as ATLAS, CMS, running pp. Nominal first run for heavy ions: 2008
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Alice
0 1 2 3 4 5 p (GeV/c)
1 10 100 p (GeV/c)
TRD e /πPHOS γ /π0
TPC + ITS(dE/dx)
π/K
π/K
π/K
K/p
K/p
K/p
e /π
e /π
HMPID (RICH)
TOF
MUON SPECTROMETER
Tracking with low PT cutoff and Particle ID
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Getting Involved
What you need to know to get involved?
• get your “group leader” (one per institution) to get you registered with the cms secretariat
• get a CERN mail/computer account so you can join international cms listservs
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Where is CMS?Need to cross the border to get from the cafeteria/building 40 to CMS. Carry your passport!
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The Lab: Useful things
Building40
The “nice” hostel
cafeteria
The Bermuda triangle of CERN
Building 32
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CMS: the countries
Ordered by size: USA (525 collaborators), Italy (398), Russia (326), CERN (204), France (146), UK (117), Germany (116)
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Countries by Detector
ECAL: UK, France, USA, …
HCAL: USA, Russia, …
Muon: Italy, USA, …
Track: Italy, USA, …
DAQ: Italy, USA
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International CMS Organizational Structure
• collaboration board
• management board
• finance board
• technical coordination group
Rather complex…
http://cmsdoc.cern.ch/docofficial.shtmlhttp://cmsdoc.cern.ch/CMSstructures/organization.html
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Others
•Finance board
•Technical Coordination Group
•Committee for Nomination of Speakers
•Editorial Board
•Annual Review Committee
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Typical Meeting Schedule
CMS and CPT weeks are of general interest. Each detector system also has “weeks”.
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International CMS web page
http://cmsdoc.cern.ch/cms.html
Ugly, but if you poke around long enough, you’ll find what you need.
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International CMS Agenda Server
Quite useful. Find talks from most meetings.
http://agenda.cern.ch/displayLevel.php?fid=2l76
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VRVS
• go to radio shack and buy a headset. If you feel rich, buy a video camera. Don’t use a table mike, etc unless you get expensive hardware. Instead, use a cheap headset.
• go to www.vrvs.org and download the software (enable pop ups and java)
• MUTE WHEN YOU ARE NOT TALKING!!!
CMS uses VRVS for video conferencing. Get over it!
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Getting onto International CMS mailing lists
First, you need a CERN mail account and password.
Then go to http://wwwlistbox.cern.ch/And log onto SIMBA using this account/pass
You might try searching on lists containing “cms”
Warning: there are also USCMS mailing lists that are not in this system!
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CMS Secretariathttp://cmsdoc.cern.ch/peoplesecr.shtml
Paper supplies, pens, cute folding cubes of CMS pictures, cute calenders with CMS pictures, etc.
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Tina Vernon
Can help with various things. Rentals, room reservations when building 40 is full, hostel reservations, all kinds of useful things…
http://uscms.web.cern.ch/uscms/
Many useful hints on life at CERN!!!!!!!!!!!!!tina.vernon@cern.ch
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Salavat Abdullin
Official contact person at CERN for the LPC.
He’s your man on the ground, when only that kind of help will do!
Salavat.abdoulline@cern.ch (russian names tend to have english and french spellings)
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Arriving at CERN
• Swiss and French electricity adaptors have slightly different sizes. Both have 2 round prongs.
• rental cars usually have manual transmissions
If you are staying at the hostel and arrive on the weekend, the guards will have the key. Ask the drive to go to the CERN gate with the flags.
Very hard to get “hostel” room in summer. Registration begins April 1. Sometimes (especially for FNAL employees) Tami Kramer and Terry Read can get you rooms, as they get priority to reserve, and reserve a block.
45
CERN Users Office
ID needed to get into CERN after hours
It has to be renewed every two years, which is a bummer.
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AcronymsCPT: computing, physics, trigger
PRS: physics, reconstruction, selection
MB: management board
CCS: computing, core software, production
TriDAS: Trigger and data acquisition system
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CPTCPT: Computing, Physics, and Trigger (Paris)PRS:Physics, Reconstruction, and Selection
Detector (Paris, Darin)Analysis (Paris, Albert)
Where the analysis action is at.
http://cmsdoc.cern.ch/cms/PRS/www/prs.php
Paris Sphicas Albert De Roeck Darin Acosta
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CPT
EvF/DQME. Meschi
ReconstructionT. Boccali
Analysis ToolsL. Lista
SimulationM. Stavrianakou
Calibr/alignmentO. Buchmuller
L. Lueking
FrameworkL. Sexton
SoftwareL.Silvestris
A.Yagil
Integration Program
S. Belforte/I. Fisk
Facilities and Infrastructure
N. Sinanis
Operations ProgramL. Barone
Technical Program
P.Elmer/S.Lacaprara
ComputingL. BauerdickD.Stickland
Project ManagerP.Sphicas
Project OfficeV.Innocente
L.Taylor
Fast SimulationP. Janot
ECAL/e-γC. SeezY. Sirois
TRACKER/b-τI.TomalinF. Palla
HCAL/JetMETJ.RohlfC.Tully
MuonsN. NeumeisterU.Gasparini
Detector-PRSD.AcostaP.Sphicas
OnlineSelectionS. Dasu
C. Leonidopoulos
HiggsS. Nikitenko
SUSY & BSML. Pape
M. Spiropulu
Standard ModelJ. Mnich
Heavy IonsB. Wyslouch
Analysis-PRSA.DeRoeckP.Sphicas
Generator ToolsF. Moortgat
S. Slabospitsky
ORCA for PTDRS. Wynhoff
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PRS Meeting Schedule
Alternate Tuesdays 16:00 (cern time of course)
muon, tracking
Alternate Wednesdays 16:00
e/gamma, jet/met
Alternate Thursdays 16:00
Online Selection
Most of the physics groups only meet during CPT weeksEasy to attend via VRVS
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Higgs Reach/Time Scales
1 year, 1/10th
design lum
1 year, design lum
1 month, 1/10th
design lum
If we can start up at 1/10th design luminosity, we’ll discover a Higgs with mass greater than 130 GeV within 1 year. Will cover entire theoretically allowed range with 1 year of design luminosity.
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SUSY reach/ TimeScales
Cosmologically plausible region of parameter space covered within 1 year 1/10th design luminosity. 1 year of design luminosity covers all regions interesting for EWK symmetry breaking
M a s s ( G e V ) σ ( p b ) E v t s / m o n t h L o w l u m -h i g h l u m
5 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 5 - 1 0 6 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 - 1 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 . 0
1 1 0 1 - 1 0 2
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US CMS
Fermilab
Northeastern
Boston MIT
FairfieldRutgersPrinceton
Rochester
Carnegie Mellon
Virginia Tech
Maryland
Johns Hopkins
Florida
Florida State
Alabama
Mississippi
Rice
UT DallasTexas Tech
Ohio State
Notre Dame
Purdue
Minnesota
IowaIowa State
Nebraska
Wisconsin
NorthwesternIllinois, Chicago
UC Davis
UC San Diego
UCLAUC Riverside
Cal Tech
Lawrence Livermore
KansasKansas Stat e
UC Sant a Barbara
November 10, 2000
By size (physicists)
FNAL: 58
Florida: 21
UCLA: 15
Davis: 13
MIT: 13
Rochester: 13
Rutgers: 11
Growing quickly!
44 Institutions (+3)
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US CMS: non-elected bureaucrats
Research Program Manager: Dan Green, Deputy: Bob Cousins
Level 2 managers:
pixels: Bruno Gobbi (Northwestern). tracking: Joe Incandela(UCSB) Endcap Muons: Dick Loveless (Wisconsin), GiogioApollinari (FNAL) DAQ: Vivian O’Dell (FNAL) ECAL: Roger Rusack (Minnesota) HCAL: Andris Skuja (MD) Trigger: Wesley Smith (Wisconsin)
Software Management: Lothar Bauerdick(level 2 Bob Clare, UCR and Ian Fisk, FNAL)
CMS Maintenance and Operations: Jim Freeman (FNAL)
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US CMS: Elected Bureaucrats
http://uscms.fnal.gov/uscms/organization/organization.html
•US CMS Collaboration Board: chair: Harvey Newman (cal tech), deputy chair: Vasken Hagopian (FSU) members: 1 rep per institution.
•US CMS Advisory Board: chair and deputy the same, + 1 elected rep per system + US physics coordinator + outreach coordinator + software/computing manager + construction project manager
•US CMS Advisory software and computing Board (6 elected positions)
• US CMS election committee (2 elected positions)
• US physics coordinator (1 elected position) Sarah Eno (MD)
• various subsystem institutional boards (1 rep per institution)
Very elaborate elected structure
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US CMS Meetings
1 per year in late spring, place rotates. Good place to network.
Make sure you are on the us cms mailing list by sending a mail to listserv@fnal.gov. Leave the subject line blank. In the body, put “subscribe uscms-all eno@physics.umd.edu Sarah Eno” except don’t put the quotes and substitute your information for mine. (there are many email lists for uscms on this listserv. Go to http://computing.fnal.gov/email/listserv/ to find out how to find out all the names. Look for names startingUSCMS-XXX)
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Getting an account at FNAL
http://www.uscms.org/scpages/general/uaf/accounts.html
Learn more in Hans’ talk
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